The Language of Medicine quiz 1 – Flashcards
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aden/o
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gland
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arthr/o
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joint
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bi/o
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life
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carcin/o
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cancerous, cancer
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cardi/o
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heart
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cephal/o
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head
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cerebr/o
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cerevrum
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cis/o
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to cut
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crin/o
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to secrete
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cyst/o
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urinary bladder
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cyt/o
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cell
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derm/o or dermat/o
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skin
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electr/o
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electricity
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encephal/o
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brain
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enter/o
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intestines
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erythr/o
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red
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gastr/o
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stomach
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gn/o
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knowledge
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gynec/o
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woman/female
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hemat/o or hem/o
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blood
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hepat/o
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liver
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iatr/o
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treatment or physician
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leuk/o
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white
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nephr/o
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kidney
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neur/o
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nerve
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onc/o
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tumor
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opthalm/o
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eye
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oste/o
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bone
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path/o
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disease
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ped/o
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child
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pych/o
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mind
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radi/o
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x-rays
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ren/o
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kidney
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rhin/o
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nose
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sacr/o
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flesh
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sect/o
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to cut
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thromb/o
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clot or clotting
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end/o
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inside
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gross
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can see with naked eye
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prefix "dis"
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painful
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cytology
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study of cells
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cystitis
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inflamation of the bladder
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leukemia
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cancer of blood cells (liquid cancer)
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fagocytes
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eat dead blood cells and waste
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septum
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wall
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scler/o
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hard
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metastacies
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spread of cancer
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distant metastacies
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spreading away from foundation
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-ac
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pertaining to
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-al
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pertaining to
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-algia
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pain
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-cyte
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cell
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-ectomy
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excision, removal of
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-otomy
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cutting into
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-emia
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blood condition
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-genic
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produced by or in
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-globin
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protein
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-gram
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record
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-ic, -ical
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pertaining to
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-ion
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process
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-ist
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specialist
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-itis
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inflammation
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-logy
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process of study
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-oma
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tumor, mass, swelling
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-opsy
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process of viewing
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-osis
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condition, usually abnormal
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-pathy
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disease condition
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-scope
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instrument to visually examine
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-sis
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state of; condition
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-tomy
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process of cutting
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a-, an-
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no, not, without
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aut-, auto-
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self, own
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dia-
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through, complete
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end-, endo-
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within
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epi-
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above, upon
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exo-
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outside of, outward
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hyper-
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excessive, above, more
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ex-
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out
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hypo-
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deficient, below, under, less
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in-
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into, in
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peri-
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surrounding, around
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pro-
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before, forward
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re-
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back, backward, again
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retro-
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behind
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sub-
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below, under
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trans-
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across, through
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How many chromosomes are in nucleus?
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23 pairs or 46. Egg and sperm each have 23 individual chromosomes
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Structural organization of the body
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cells, tissues, organs, systems
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anabolism
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process of building up proteins or complex materials from simple materials (occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum)
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catabolism
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process of breaking down complex materials (foods) and releasing energy
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metabolism
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catabolism+ anabolism; total chemical process in a cell
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cell membrane
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surrounds and protects cell; lets things in or out
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chromosomes
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contain regions of DNA called genes. 23 pairs in every cell but egg and sperm
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cytoplasm
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liquid material outside of nucleus and inside the cell membrane
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DNA
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chemical found in each chromosome. Arranged like a code; directs activity of cell
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endoplasmic reticulum
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Canals in cytoplasm. Where smaller protein pieces are made into larger proteins (anabolism)
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genes
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regions of DNA within each chromosome
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karyotype
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Picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell (spiral looking thing)
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mitochondria
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structure in cytoplasm in which foods are burned to release energy (catabolism)
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nucleus
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control center of the cell; contains chromosomes
