ap human geography vocab unit 3 – Flashcards
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central business district
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the downtown heart of a central city
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metropolitan area
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of or relating to a large city, surrounding suburbs
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megalopolis
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a term used to designate large super cities
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megacity
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cities with 10 million or more residents
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primate city
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a country's largest city
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site
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the internal and physical attributes of a place; absolute location
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situation
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the external locational attributes of a place; relative location
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distribution of cities
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how cities are distributed/located throughout the world; larger cities are on the coast lines
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christaller's central place theory
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an explanation of the size, number, and distribution of clusters of urban centers
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urban hierarchy
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a ranking of settlements according to their size and economic functions
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Gravity model
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a mathematical prediction of the interaction of places
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rank-size rule
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the idea that the population of a city or town will be inversely proportional to its rank in the hierarchy
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hinterland
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a term that applies to a surrounding area served by an urban center
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threshold
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the determining factor in the location of any central place
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range
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the distance someone will travel for something
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bid rent theory
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the price and demand for real estate changes as the distance from the central business district
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burgess' concentric zone model
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divides cities into a set of concentric circles expanding from the downtown to the suburbs
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Hoyt's sector model
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sectors of similar land uses concentrated in parts of the city
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Harris and Ulman's multiple nuclei model
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describes the layout of a city based on Chicago
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galactic city model
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post industrial city
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edge city
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describes the shifting focus of urbanization in the us away from the cbd
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borcherts epochs of transportation growth
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five distinct periods in history of American urbanization
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greenbelt
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an area of land around a city where buildings are not allowed
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African city model
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model with 3 cbd's
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griffin-ford Latin American city model
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uses culture and globalization to combine radial sectors and concentric zones
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mcgee southeast Asian city model
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showing similar land use patterns among the medium sized cities
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suburbanization
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movement of upper and middle class people from urban core areas to the surrounding outskirts
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gentrification
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the rehabilitation of deteriorated, often abandoned, housing of low income inner city residents
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disamenity zones
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the very poorest parts of cities that in extreme cases are not even connected to regular city services
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infrastructure
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the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of society or enterprise
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zones of abandonment
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areas that have been deserted in a city for economic or environmental reasons
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housing affordablity
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housing units that are affordable by that section of society
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slums
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a thickly populated run-down, squalid part of a city, inhabited by poor people
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food dessert
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an area characterized by a lack of affordable, fresh and nutritious food
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housing and insurance discrimination
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discrimination against people's personal preferences
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urban planning
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planning a city
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new urbanism
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an urban design that calls for a development, urban revitalization and scrub reforms that create walkable neighborhoods with a diversity of housing and jobs
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slow growth cities
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cities that don't develop or grow as fast as others
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smart growth citues
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a theory that concentrates growth in contact walkable urban centers to avoid sprawl
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housing density
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the number of houses inhabiting a given urbanized area
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farmland protection
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an effort set aside to protect examples of a regions farmland for future generations
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brownfield remediation and development
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real property, the expansion, redevelopment or reuse of which may be complicated by the persistence of a hazardous substance
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sustainable design
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the philosophy of designing physical objects
