Biology Ch. 23 – Flashcards
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Many bacteria have long appendages for movement that are called...
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flagella
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Many Gram-negative bacteria have pili, which are used to...
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adhere to surfaces and to join bacterial cells prior to conjugation
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An example of a bacterial disease carried from animals to humans is...
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Lyme disease
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Groups of staphylococci look like...
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clusters of grapes
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You would expect the bacterial genus Bacillus to have the shape of...
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rods
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One difference between bacteria and eukaryotes is that...
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bacterial chromosomes are circular, while eukaryotic chromosomes
are linear
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Bacterial cells lack...
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a cell nucleus
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Which of the following does NOT characterize the structure of E. coli?
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organelles
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In a process called nitrification, chemoautotrophic bacteria that live in the soil play an important role in oxidizing ammonia, forming...
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nitrite, NO2
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Cholera is a disease of the...
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intestines
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One way that bacteria cause disease is...
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by destroying body tissues
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Bacteria are used in industry to...
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All of the above
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One habitat of archaea is...
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hot springs
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the polysaccharide layer outside of the cell wall of many bacteria
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capsule
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bacteria that obtain carbon from other organisms
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heterotrophs
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bacteria that obtain energy from chemicals in the environment
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chemotrophs
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a process in which two organisms exchange genetic material
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conjugation
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a thick-coated structure formed by some bacteria in times of environmental stress
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endospore
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the method of obtaining energy used by cyanobacteria
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photosynthesis
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found in bacterial cell walls but not in archaeal cell walls
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peptidoglycan
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carry resistance genes to antibiotics
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R-plasmids
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useful product made by Lactobacillus species
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yogurt
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perform nitrogen fixation
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Rhizobium
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capture energy from sunlight
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photoautotrophic bacteria
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peptidoglycan is present in cell walls
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bacteria
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obtain energy from inorganic substances
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chemoautotrophic bacteria
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produce an endotoxin
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Gram-negative bacteria
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produce many antibiotics
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actinomycetes
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archaea
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halophiles
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peptidoglycan is absent in cell walls
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archaea
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Which of the following associations incorrectly describes an archaea and its characteristics?
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methanogen-aerobic environments
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Gram-positive bacteria differ from Gram-negative bacteria in...
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All of the above
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Which of the following bacteria are thought to be responsible for establishing Earth's oxygen-rich atmosphere?
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cyanobacteria
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Genetic recombination in bacteria...
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includes transformation and transduction
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Bacterial cells typically lack...
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mitochondria
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Which of the following is NOT a bacterial structure that provides the type of movement indicated?
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pilus-crawling motion
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Genetic recombination in bacteria always involves...
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transfer of genes between bacterial cells
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Bacterial diseases of the intestines are usually transmitted by...
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contaminated water or food
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Which of the following is not a mechanism of action of an antibiotic?
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inhibiting conjugation
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On what basis have bacteria traditionally been classified?
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All of the above
