Psychology Chapter 11 Stress & Health Study Guide Q&A – Flashcards
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A woman who had an unpleasant confrontation with her boss and then goes home and yells at the dog would be displaying
a) uncontrollability.
b) pressure.
c) displaced aggression.
d) catastrophe.
answer
c) displaced aggression.
Displaced aggression often occurs when the person or object that a person is really angry at is not an accessible target.
question
The general adaptation syndrome proposed by Hans Selye describes how we respond to stress with regard to our
a) psychological reactions.
b) emotional reactions.
c) social reactions.
d) physical reactions.
answer
d) physical reactions.
The general adaptation syndrome describes our body's physical reactions to stress.
question
According to Selye, some people may develop illnesses such as high blood pressure or weakened immune system during the ______ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.
a) alarm
b) collapse
c) exhaustion
d) resistance
answer
c) exhaustion
During the resistance stage, the body uses its resources to fight off the stressor. It is not until the next stage, exhaustion, that bodily resources are so depleted that stress- related diseases can develop.
question
Stress has been shown to be related to
a) increased resistance to environmental threats.
b) decreased efficiency of the reticular formation.
c) increased galvanic skin response.
d) decreased efficiency of the body's immune system.
answer
d) decreased efficiency of the body's immune system.
Stress is related to decreased efficiency of the immune system.
question
When stress levels are elevated, the amount of natural killer cells in the body tends to
a) increase.
b) decrease.
c) stay the same.
d) There are not enough data to say at this point.
answer
b) decrease
Natural killer cells are important cells in the body that serve to limit the growth of cancerous cells. During times of stress, the level of natural killer cells tends to decrease, thus increasing the chances of tumor growth.
question
The Type A behavior pattern is a significant predictor of
a) mental illness.
b) coronary heart disease.
c) cancer.
d) respiratory illnesses .
answer
b) coronary heart disease.
The original development of the idea of Type A personality was in order to describe and predict the individuals who were at high risk for heart disease.
question
Which personality type is most likely to strongly agree with the following statement: "I can relax without guilt"?.
a) Type A
b) Type B
c) Type C
d) Type F
answer
b) Type B
According to your textbook, Type B personalities are most likely to strongly agree with this statement.
question
Pepe moved from Argentina to France. He chose not to learn to speak and write French, continues to maintain his old culture's styles of dress and customs, and lives in a neighborhood where only people from Argentina live. Pepe has used which method of entering the majority culture?
a) integration
b) assimilation
c) separation
d) marginalization
answer
c) separation
Separation occurs when a person tries to maintain his or her original cultural identity. Assimilation occurs when a person completely gives up his or her old cultural identity and adopts the majority culture's ways.
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Which method of acculturation would tend to lead to the greatest degree of stress?
a) integration
b) assimilation
c) separation
d) marginalization
answer
d) marginalization
Marginalization occurs when an individual is not a part of his original culture, nor is he a part of the new culture. This method of acculturation has been found to create the greatest amount of acculturative stress.
question
Her mother is ill and Vanna is feeling overwhelmed and sad. To cope with this stress of her mother's illness, Vanna has been writing her feelings down in a journal. Vanna is using
a) problem-focused coping.
b) emotion-focused coping.
c) distraction.
d) reappraisal.
answer
b) emotion-focused coping.
Vanna is coping with her stress by focusing on and thinking about her emotions.
question
According to your textbook, which personality type may have the highest risk for developing cancer?
a) Type A
b) Type B
c) Type C
d) Type F
answer
c) Type C
Type C people tend to have difficulty expressing negative emotions. They may internalize their anger and are often lonely. These characteristics have been associated with a higher risk of developing cancer.
question
Stress causes cancer.
a) True
b) False
answer
b) False
As stated in the textbook, "...stress itself cannot give a person cancer." However, stress can have a suppressing effect on the immune system, which makes the unchecked growth of cancer more likely.
question
Research shows that ____________lowers blood pressure in adolescents and adults.
a) sensory deprivation
b) concentrative meditation
c) sublimation
d) acculturation
answer
b) concentrative meditation
Concentrative mediation places one in a state of relaxation and lowers blood pressure
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You are a psychologist working with a new client, an immigrant from China, who is experiencing adjustment problems due to stress. Which of the following are you first going to consider when assessing your client's ability to cope?
a) use of meditative strategies
b) use of psychological defense mechanisms
c) ability to use biofeedback equipment
d) cultural background
answer
d) cultural background
Psychological defense mechanisms are significant but would not be as important in your initial assessment as would cultural background, especially since the client is from a country with a very different culture.
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Several studies have found a positive correlation between level of religious commitment and life expectancies.
a) True
b) False
answer
a) True
Although these studies do not prove a cause-and-effect relationship, they have shown a correlation between religious affiliation and longevity.
question
Which of the following statements is false?
a) Exercise increases the body's metabolic rate.
b) Exercise increases levels of "bad" cholesterol.
c) Exercise decreases anxiety and depression.
d) Exercise increases natural killer cell activity.
answer
b) Exercise increases levels of "bad" cholesterol.
Exercise increases levels of "good" cholesterol but decreases levels of "bad" cholesterol. All of the other statements are true.
