Bio 111, 9.01 – Flashcards

Epinephrine causes the liver to uptake glucose from the bloodstream during the fight-or-flight response.

Epinepherine is produce by the central nervous system and has an affect throughout the body, such as in the heart, liver, and blood vessels. Epenepherine is part of what kind of signalling?

How can phosphorylation affect protein function? Select all choices that apply.

Leptin is a circulating hormone that is produced by fat cells and plays a role in body metabolism and obesity. It normally binds to receptors in the brain and inhibits appetite. Studies have demonstrated that when obese mice that are leptin deficient are injected with leptin they quickly lose their excess weight. Interestingly, however, many overweight people have high levels of leptin in their bloodstream. Why do you think that the high levels of leptin in obese individuals are insufficient to curb their appetite?

Why are phosphorylation and dephosphorylation reactions commonly used to regulate signal transduction pathways?

A researcher is working to generate a new cancer drug. Thus far, he has identified a compound that can reduce the size of tumors in the lung. However, in order for the drug to work, the lung tumor has to be small. In addition, the tumor cannot have metastasized (spread to other areas of the body). Furthermore, he knows that the drug acts to prohibit the signaling from one tumor cell to another tumor cell. Given the above information, this new drug prohibits:

You are performing an experiment to assay phosphorylation of a substrate by a protein kinase. Based on the data in the table below, what do these experimental results suggest? Picture