Sociology Test Ch 7-9 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
In every society, from the hunting and gathering society to the postindustrial society, the most common basis for social stratification has been _____.
answer
gender
question
What were the three major causes of slavery prior to life in the American colonies?
answer
Debt, crime, and war.
question
In colonial America, immigrants were transported to the new world "on credit" by the captain of the ship, who then sold their services to wealthy colonists who paid their passage. In return, these immigrants worked for a specified period of time and were known as _____ or _____.
answer
indentured servants; bonded laborers
question
What is the basis of India's caste system?
answer
Religion.
question
What is the significant difference between the class system and the systems of slavery, caste, and estate?
answer
The class system has fluid boundaries.
question
The sociologist who believed that social class is made up of three components- property, power, and prestige- was _____.
answer
Max Weber
question
What is the neocolonialism?
answer
The economic and political dominance of the Most Industrialized Nations over the Least Industrialized Nations.
question
What are the three variables Max Weber identified as defining social class?
answer
Wealth, power, and prestige.
question
What does status inconsistency refer to in relation to social stratification?
answer
Individuals are ranked high on one dimension of social class and low on other dimensions.
question
What is Durkheim's term for a condition in which people become detached from the norms that guide their behavior?
answer
Anomie.
question
What did the research by Kohn suggest as being the primary influence upon parents that emphasized how they reared their children?
answer
The parents' occupation.
question
What is structural mobility?
answer
Movement up or down the social class ladder that is due to changes in the structure of society, not to individual efforts.
question
How is the poverty line determined?
answer
The US government calculates a low-cost food budget for a family of a specific size then multiplies that food budget by three.
question
Numerically, what is the race of the majority of the poor in the United States?
answer
Native Americans.
question
What is the feminization of poverty?
answer
A condition of US poverty in which most poor families are headed by women.
question
_____ are the most likely segment of the population in the United States to experience poverty today.
answer
Children
question
What is the relationship between births to single women and their level of education?
answer
The greater the level of education, the fewer births to single women.
