Chapter 10: Emotion and Motivation – Flashcards

wants or needs that direct behavior toward some goal

motivation based on internal feelings rather than external rewards

motivation that arises from external factors or rewards

tangible rewards (i.e., money) tend to have more negative effects on intrinsic motivation than do intangible rewards (i.e., praise); if the person expects to receive an extrinsic reward, then intrinsic motivation for the task tends to be reduced

species-specific pattern of behavior that is unlearned

deviations from homeostasis create physiological needs that result in psychological drive states that direct behavior to meet the need and ultimately bring the system back to homeostasis

___ drive equals boredom; ___ drive equals highest motivation; ___ equals anxiety

pattern of behavior in which we regularly engage

simple tasks are performed best when arousal levels are relatively high, while complex tasks are best performed when arousal is lower

individual's belief in his own capabilities or capacities to complete a task

the 3 social motives

spectrum of needs ranging from basic biological needs to social needs to self-actualization

the 5 levels on the hierarchy of needs

caused by contractions that occur in the stomach when it is empty

fullness; satisfaction

satiety hormone

amount of energy that is expended in a given period of time

assertion that each individual has an ideal body weight, or set point, that is resistant to change

BMI below 18.5

adult with a BMI between 25 and 29.9

adult with a BMI of 30 or higher

adult with a BMI over 40

type of surgery that modifies the gastrointestinal system to reduce the amount of food that can be eaten and/or limiting how much of the digested food can be absorbed

creates a small pouch of stomach, reducing the size of the stomach that can be used for digestion

never satiated by eating, always hungry because brain is not developed in that area, never develop mentally, they're growth hormone deficient, typically become very obese, and shoplift food

type of eating disorder characterized by binge eating and associated distress

eating disorder characterized by an individual maintaining body weight that is well below average through starvation and/or excessive exercise

individuals view themselves as overweight even though they are not

where you fall on this scale determines your sexuality

emotional and erotic attraction to same-sexed individuals, opposite-sexed individuals, or both

emotional and erotic attractions to same-sexed individuals

emotional and erotic attractions to opposite-sexed individuals

emotional and erotic attractions to both same-sexed individuals and opposite-sexed individuals

1. excitement, 2. plateau, 3. orgasm, 4. resolution

sexual arousal

full arousal state

rhythmic muscle contractions (and ejaculation)

the body returns to its unaroused state

time immediately following an orgasm during which an individual is incapable of experiencing another orgasm

percent of population in the US who identify as homosexual or bisexual

this has attributed sexual orientation to genetic influences, brain structure and function, and even body structure and function

individual's sense of being male or female

diagnostic category in DSM-5 for individuals who do not identify as the gender associated with their biological sex

use of hormones to make one's body look more like the opposite-sex

subjective state of being often described as feelings; often occurs in response to something we experience

a prolonged, less intense, affective state that does not occur in response to something we experience

physiological arousal, psychological appraisal, and subjective experience

emotions arise form physiological arousal

physiological arousal and emotional experience occur at the same time

emotions consist of two factors: physiological and cognitive

our emotions are determined by our appraisal of the stimulus

lie detector test that measures physiological arousal of individuals as they answer a series of questions