CHM 101; Chapter 9 – Flashcards
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Steric Number
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The sum of the number of covalent bonds and the number of lone pairs of electrons on the central atom gives the steric number. The steric number gives you the geometry of the molecule.
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What is the electronic geometry of H2O?
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Tetrahedral
(steric number/ electron region 4)
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What is the electronic geometry of ClF3?
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Trigonal Bipyramidal
(steric number/ electron region 5)
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What is the electronic geometry of BCl3?
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Trigonal planar
(steric number/ electron region 3)
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2
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Linear
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3
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Trigonal planar
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4
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Tetrahedral
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5
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Trigonal Bipyramidal
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6
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Octahedral
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What is the molecular geometry of PF3?
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Trigonal pyramidal
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What is the molecular geometry of CS2?
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Linear
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What is the molecular geometry of SCl2?
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Bent
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Molecular Geometry
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describes the three-dimensional shape of just the atoms.
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Electron Geometry
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is the geometric arrangement of orbitals containing the shared and unshared electron pairs surrounding the central atom of a molecule or polyatomic ion.
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Predict whether each of the following molecules is polar or nonpolar IF, CS2, SO3, PCl3, SF6, IF5
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Polar: IF, IF5, PCL3
Nonpolar: CS2, SO3, SF6
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Would you expect this molecule to have a dipole moment?
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Yes
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According to valence bond theory, which orbitals overlap in the formation of the bond in I2?
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5p
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What the molecular shape (geometry) of CHClO?
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Trigonal planar
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What are the approximate bond angles in CHClO?
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120 degrees
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What type of hybridization is exhibited by the central atom in CHClO?
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sp2
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What is the electron-domain (charge-cloud) geometry of IF5?
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Octahedral
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What is the molecular geometry of IF5?
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Square Pyramidal
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Ignoring lone-pair effects, what is the smallest bond angle in IF5?
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90 degrees
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Which choice best describes the polarity of IF5?
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The molecule is polar and has polar bonds.
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How many atomic orbitals contribute to form the three sp 2 hybrid orbitals?
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3
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Hybridization
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is the process of mixing atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals.
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What is the hybridization of the central atom in...
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SiCl4: sp3
HNC: sp
SO3: sp2
TeCl2: sp3
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Complete the first row of the table
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Electron- domain geometry: Linear
Hybridization of the central atom: sp
Dipole moment: No
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For each pair, determine the type or types of hybridization that could lead to hybrid orbitals at the specified angle.
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First: sp3d and sp3d2
Second: sp3
Third: sp2 and sp3d
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Bond Angle: is the angle formed between three atoms across at least two bonds.
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use VSEPR theory to get the molecular geometry around the central atom which will give you the bond angle.
