Nonmetals – Flashcards
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Scientists describe any substance that shatters or breaks easily as being ___
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briitle
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A student is working with four different solid substances: sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), and iodine (I). Which substance is most likely to break easily into many smaller pieces?
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iodine
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Any compound that has at least one element from Group 17 is called a
____
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halide
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Cecil is working with samples of chlorine (Cl), oxygen (O), bromine (Br), and silver (Ag). The samples are all at room temperature. Which substance is most likely the most dense?
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silver
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What is the most likely reason that nonmetals are electrical insulators?
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Since valence shells in nonmetal atoms are almost full, the atoms attract electrons and hold them tightly to fill their valence shells.
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Joelle is a manager at a construction company, and she is interested in the chemistry behind the materials they use. She has begun studying the materials used to fill walls. She knows that to keep the temperature inside a room steady the material must be a thermal insulator, and she predicts that materials should not be acidic or else they would dissolve too easily in water.
Which is most likely a molecule in a wall-filling material?
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C6H6
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Krypton is named after the Greek word that means "secret." Which explains why krypton was most likely given this name?
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Krypton is a noble gas, so it was difficult for chemists to find it, as though it was a secret.
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The elements least likely to form bonds are found in group___ .
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18
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Eriq, a chemist, is running tests with four unknown elements. He has found that they all bond the same way, so he knows that they are in the same group on the periodic table of elements. The table shows other properties that Eriq observed.
These four elements are most likely in group
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17
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Which compound is most likely a powerful and dangerous acid?
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HBr
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When looking across the periodic table from left to right, which is the first group that contains nonmetals?
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group 14
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On the periodic table, the elements known as noble gases are all found in
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group 18.
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Where are the most reactive nonmetal elements found on the periodic table?
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at the top of group 17
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What property do all of the group 18 elements have that makes them stand out from other elements?
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They are very unlikely to bond with any element, whether it is metallic or not.
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Which statement best explains why radon and krypton do not bond easily with other elements?
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They have eight electrons in their valence shells, so they are stable without gaining or losing electrons.
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Which element is likely to be the most reactive?
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fluorine (Fl)
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Of these nonmetals, which one is likely to be the least reactive?
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phosphorous
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Which element has a complete valence electron shell?
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argon
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Looking at the same nonmetal group on the periodic table, how does the reactivity of an element in period 2 compare to the reactivity of an element in period 4?
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The period 2 element would be more reactive because the attractive force of protons is stronger when electrons are attracted to a closer electron shell.
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What trend does the reactivity of nonmetals show in a periodic table?
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increases from left to right across the periodic table
