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Gym Test – Flashcards

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14 July 2022

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question

The ability of a joint and a muscle group to move through a full range of motion is referred to as muscukar endurance.

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True

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Muscular strength is the amount of force a muscular or group of muscles can exert.

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True

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Muscular endurance is fueled by anaerobic energy.

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False

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Improving overall fitness may not be possible for people who have physical limitations.

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False

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There are 5 basic health-related components that one must have in order to be physically fit.

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True

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Which of the following is a HEALTH-related component of physical fitness?

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Muscular strength

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Which of the following is a SKILL-related component of physical fitness?

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Agility

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The ability to transfer energy explosively into force is _____.

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Power

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The maintenance of equilibrium while stationary or moving is termed_____.

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Balance

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What are some of the reasons for doing physical training?

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Endurance, strength, and flexibility

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_____ is the principal whereby improvement occurs when increased demands are made upon the body.

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Overload

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Decreasing the amount of time that you spend exercising is a form of overload training.

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False

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Increased FREQUENCY refers to how greatly one increases the level of training.

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False

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Increased INTENSITY refers to how greatly one increased the level of training.

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True

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Increased duration refers to how greatly one increases the time spent training.

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True

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The principle of specificity refers to the concept the improvements in the various fitness areas require specific kinds of activity.

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True

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Sometimes when you are training for an event, you may notice a decrease in improvement and a leveling-out of performance.

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True

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People with slow recovery heart rate are more at risk for a heart attack.

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True

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The three main causes of death- cancer, heart disease, and injury, Eemian constant throughout life.

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False

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Coronary artery disease is a disease of the heart where the arteries and blood vessels become clogged with fat deposits called _____.

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Plaque

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Which of the following would be characterized as "good cholesterol"?

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HDL

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A stroke is caused by ______.

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A disruption of blood flow in the arteries going to the brain

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Some factors of heart disease cannot be controlled.

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True

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A diet rich in high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) can help cleanse and open arteries that are clogged with plaque.

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True

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Exercise can help prevent heart disease but once you've had a heart attack, it's too late for exercise to help you.

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False

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Which of the following would be a voluntary risk factor for lung cancer?

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Smoking cigarettes

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Which of the following is a primary reason for the rapid growth of cancer?

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Cancer cells are disconnected from the body's control center; they receive no messages to stop growing

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______ is something that can increase your chances of developing a disease.

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Risk factor

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Which of the following is a benefit of increased flexibility?

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More freedom of movement

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Stretching that uses neuromuscular reflexes to gain further stretching of the muscle is called _______.

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PNF stretching

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The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recommends doing stretching exercises how often?

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2-3 times per week

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Stretching that is characterized by a "bouncing" action is called _______.

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Ballistic stretching

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A technique in which the muscles are stretched by an outside force is called _____.

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Passive stretching

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Stretching that requires you to hold the position for 20-30 seconds is called _______.

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Static stretching

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When a muscle is stretched by a contraction of the opposing muscles, it is called ________.

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Active stretching

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As your muscles begin to warm up, you need to be more cautious about performing flexibility exercised because your body can overbend, causing injury.

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False

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Ballistic stretching is NOT recommended as a safe way to warm the body.

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True

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Strength training tends to lengthen the muscles, so flexibility training is NOT necessary if you are weight lifting.

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False

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The prefix "cardio" refers to _____.

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Heart

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The diaphragm is the portion of the respiratory system composed of a dome-shaped muscle that runs across the upper abdomen and is attached to the bottom of lungs.

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True

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The alveoli are small sacs within the lungs that act as filters.

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True

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Exercise has no effect on breathing.

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False

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Exercise benefits the cardiovascular system.

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True

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The significance of the septum of the human heart is most closely related to _____.

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Keeping oxygenated and deoxygenated blood separate

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The average person's heart beats approximately ______ times a day.

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100,000

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Systolic pressure is a measure of blood pressure when the ventricles relax and fill with blood.

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False

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Hypertension occurs when blood pressure is too high.

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True

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Cardiovascular health is not influenced by "bad" cholesterol (Low-Density Lipids).

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False

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The valves of the heart and veins are similar in that they both _______.

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Prevent backflow of blood

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The aorta is the most muscular and largest artery in the circulatory system. It's structure is directly related to its function of _______.

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Delivering a large volume of blood to the right and left lungs

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The vessels that carry blood away from the heart are ______.

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Arteries

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The thin, narrow structure of the capillaries is well-suited to their function because the capillaries ________.

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Transport substances directly to the body cells

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Which of the following blood vessels uses elasticity to push blood further along the bloodstream?

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Arteries

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The average living adult has _______ liters of blood.

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5-6

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______ is the protein found in red blood cells that give blood its color.

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Hemoglobin

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Blood is separated into two main part. Fifty percent of the blood consists of _______.

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Plasma

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Which muscle fibers are BEST suited for running a marathon?

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Slow-twitch

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Which muscle fibers are BEST suited for sprinting?

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White fibers

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Fast-twitch fibers get their coloration from the large number of blood vessels running through and supplying these muscle fibers.

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False

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A muscle fiber is a group of motor units.

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False

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Smooth muscles are those responsible for body movement.

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False

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Slow-twitch muscles are small in diameter and contract slowly.

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True

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Fast-twitch muscles are red in color.

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False

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Describe what happens when a muscle contracts.

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When a muscle is activated, it attempts to shorten itself. It attempts to contract and exerts force. Force is generated as long as the muscle is trying to contract. There are 3 different types of muscle contractions: Isometric (when the muscle stays the same length), Isotonic Concentric ( the shortening of the muscle), and Isotonic Eccentric (the lengthening of the muscle)

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Muscular endurance is fueled by anaerobic energy.

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False

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Improving overall fitness may not be possible for people who have physical limitations.

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False

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Each motor unit contracts as an entire unit.

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True

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According to the SAID principle, if the demands placed upon a muscle cause it to become stressed, then there exists a chance that the muscle will weaken.

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False

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If the demand on a muscle causes fatigue, then that muscle will develop better endurance.

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True

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Strength training improves the strength of muscles alone.

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False

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Strength training leads to increased metabolic rates.

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True

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ISOMETRIC exercise occurs when force is exerted against an object that does not move.

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True

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ISOTONIC exercise occurs when force is exerted against an object that does not move.

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True

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According to the American Heart Association, what would be a good estimate of the maximum heart rate for a 50-year-old male?

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170 beats/minute

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Counting your pulse can be most accurately preformed by applying light pressure to an artery that is close to the surface of the skin.

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True

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The resting heart rate will increase quickly in a person who had a high level of cardiovascular fitness.

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False

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Which of the following would be the best target heart rate for a person wanting a good aerobic workout program?

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70-85%

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Age is an important factor when evaluating your target heart rate.

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True

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Recovery heart rate is to determine how fast the heart rate recovers and should be measured 5 to 10 minutes AFTER vigorous activity.

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False

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Which of the following is not a method of calculating percentage body fat?

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Body mass index (BMI)

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Measuring your BMI is quick and easy, but not too accurate.

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True

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Describe how you should warm up before attempting a maximal test.

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Generally, you should warm up with 5-10 repetitions of a light-to-moderate weight. Take a minutes rest and then preform 2 heavier warm up sets of 2-5 repetitions each, taking a 2 minutes break between the sets. You should then rest for 2-4 minutes before beginning the maximal lifts.

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What does the Cooper Test measure?

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How far you can run in twelve minutes

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All bodybuilders and aerobics instructors have high levels of total physical fitness.

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False

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Which of the following nutrients makes up the largest percentage of our body weight?

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Water

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Which nutrient is the first (easiest) to be broken down and absorbed for energy use in the body?

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Carbohydrates

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Whole grains are considered a good source of carbohydrates.

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True

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The human body needs at least 8 glasses of water per day.

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True

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Which of the following contains the most calories/gram?

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Fats

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Which nutrient is the most difficult to break down and, thus, is generally used last for energy in the body?

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Protiens

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Saturated fats that are found in avocados are good and should not be limited.

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False

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Which of the following vitamins, when taken in excess, are more likely to be stored in the body.

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Fat-soluble

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Vitamins are the building block of cells.

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False

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Vitamins are not organic substances.

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False

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The average adult aged 19-50 should consume 1000mg per day of calcium.

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True

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According to ChooseMyPlate.gov, which food group should constitute the smallest portion of our diet?

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Meat and beans

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Fats are considered one of the six essential nutrients needed by your body.

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True

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Approximately 50% of Americans are overweight or obese.

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False

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Culture does not influence a person's weight.

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False

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Obesity is defined as being 30% over the recommended weight.

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False

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More than 60% of American adults are overweight.

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True

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It takes 2000 calories to make a pound of body fat.

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False

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Eat the majority of your calories in the evening to fuel your sleep hours.

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False

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The Basal Metabolic Rate is 40-50% of the calories consumed.

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False

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Maintaining a healthy weight is simply balancing the calories being consumed with the calories spent.

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True

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Spot reducing is a myth.

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True

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In contrast to the Spot Reduction Theory, as you exercise, fat is burned throughout the body.

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True

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Understanding portion control helps to avoid overeating.

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True

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With proper exercise fat can be converted to muscle.

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False

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Fasting triggers the body to increase the amount of fat it stores.

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True

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Anorexia is treated as an emotional disorder because of its complexity.

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True

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Us if fad diets, fasting, and supplements will assist you in maintaining a healthy weight.

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Falss

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It is important to remember that a healthy weight for your body can be maintained through healthy eating and exercise habits.

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True

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In the state of Missouri research data, how many more years did non-smokers live compared to people who smoked?

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13.2 years

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In 1998, the US total expenditure on smoking-related health issues was $37.5 billion.

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False

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The personal cost per smoker per year is estimated to be $2,500.

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False

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What percentage of teens who started drinking before the age of 14 went in to have alcohol dependency problems later on in life?

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47%

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Which ethnic group reported the highest rate of binge drinking among high school students?

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White, non-Hispanic

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According to the information presented in this lesson, how many people under the age of 21 die each year in automobile accidents caused by underage drinking?

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1,900

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What percentage of 9th grade GIRLS are likely to be involved in drinking?

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36%

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What percentage of 9th grade BOYS are likely to be involved in drinking?

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36.3%

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Which of the following best describes anabolic steroids?

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Anabolic steroids are hormone-like substances that are synthetic

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Which of the following constitutes the largest group of steroid users on the high school campus?

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Male athletes

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What percentage of teenagers was reported to use drugs on a weekly basis?

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20%

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Which of the following falls into the category of a "club drug"?

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Ecstacy

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More than half of all teenagers who have tried alcohol also have used illegal drugs.

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True

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Incidents of drug abuse have no correlation to occurrences of students dropping out of high school and teenage pregnancy.

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False

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