Chapter 24: The Urinary System – Flashcards

Which hormones promote facultative water reabsorption?

What initiates the micturition reflex?

The trigone of the urinary bladder is created by __________.

The process of filtration occurs at the __________.

Each of the following is typical of urine except __________. a pH of 3.0 yellow color translucency mild odor

Where does blood in the arcuate artery travel next on its journey toward the glomerulus?

How much urine, in liters, is typically produced in a 24-hour period?

Urine is transported from kidney to the urinary bladder by the __________.

What is not a major function of the kidneys? Hematopoiesis Removal of metabolic wastes Regulation of acid-base balance Regulation of blood volume and blood pressure

The reabsorption of bicarbonate ions in the proximal tubule helps regulate __________.

The portion of the renal tubule through which filtrate initially flows is known as the __________.

The functional units of the kidneys are __________.

Renal clearance is defined as __________.

What are the two main subdivisions of the nephron?

What is not a major function of the kidneys?

What is net filtration pressure (NFP) in the glomerular capillaries, in mm Hg?

Which of the following is an effect of angiotensin-II (A-II)?

What should not be found in filtrate? Electrolytes Albumin Glucose Water

What is the normal value for the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in mL/min?

The myogenic mechanism acts to restore glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by changing __________.

What does the countercurrent mechanism accomplish in the nephron loop?

Which statement best describes the function of tubular reabsorption?

Urine drains from a major calyx into __________.

Glomerular colloid osmotic pressure (GCOP) is created by __________.

In which kidney region are the renal pyramids located?

Sympathetic stimulation of the kidney can do all of the following, except __________.

Which of the following is NOT a component of the urinary tract? urinary bladder kidneys ureters urethra

The arteriole that delivers blood to the glomerulus is the __________.

Returning fluid and solutes from filtrate to blood happens via __________.

Filtration happens at the:

Which of the following is NOT a component of the filtration membrane? epithelial cells of the glomerular capsule fenestrated glomerular capillaries basal lamina podocyte filtration slits

Which of the following solutes are not able to pass through the filtration membrane in a healthy kidney?

Which of the following forces drives filtration?

The Net Filtration Pressure (NFP) is equal to:

A decrease in GFR will cause __________.

Which of the following will NOT pass across the filtration membrane? urea electrolytes glucose plasma proteins

The amount of filtrate formed by both kidneys in 1 minute is defined as the __________.

The hormone ANP causes an __________.

Which of the following substances is not normally found in filtrate?

What is the primary driving force (pressure) that produces glomerular filtration?

Which substance would be found in higher concentration if the membrane were damaged?

If the osmotic pressure in the glomerular capillaries increased from 28 mm Hg to 35 mm Hg, would net filtration increase or decrease?

Calculate the net filtration pressure if capillary hydrostatic pressure is 60 mm Hg, capillary osmotic pressure is 25 mm Hg, and capsular hydrostatic pressure is 10 mm Hg.

Aldosterone antagonist drugs prevent aldosterone from having an effect at its receptors. As a result __________.

Most nutrients, such as glucose, are reabsorbed in the __________.

Consuming alcohol inhibits the release of ADH. As a result __________.

The filtrate is most concentrated __________.

The thin descending limb of the nephron loop is permeable to __________.

Increased water reabsorption in the descending limb of the nephron loop will result in __________.

Which of the following is a normal property of urine?

Which of the following substances is used to measure renal clearance?

The mucosa of the bladder __________.

The micturition reflex is initiated by __________.

Which of the following is controlled voluntarily? urine production by the kidneys opening of the internal urethral sphincter opening of the external urethral sphincter peristalsis in ureters

The detrusor muscle __________.