Language of Medicine: Chapter 4 Pronunciation of Terms – Flashcards
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Abductor
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One who (muscle which) leads away from the body To abduct means to carry away by force; kidnap
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Abnormal
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Pertaining to away from the norm (rule); not regular
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Adductor
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One who (muscle which) leads toward the body To admit means to send toward or
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Adrenal glands
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Endocrine glands located above (toward) the kidneys
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Anabolism
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Process of casting (building) up materials (proteins) within cells
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Analysis
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To separate (apart) Psychoanalysis is a psychiatric treatment that explores the mind
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Anoxia
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Without oxygen (decrease in tissues)
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Ante cibum
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Before meals
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Anteflexion
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Bending forward
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Antepartum
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Before birth
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Antibiotic
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Pertaining to against life (germ life)
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Antibody
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Protein substance made in the body to destroy foreign antigens
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Antigen
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A substance (usually foreign) that stimulates the production of antibodies
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Antisepsis
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Condition against infection
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Antitoxin
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A substance (antibody) produced in response to and capable of neutralizing a toxin
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Apnea
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Not breathing
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Autoimmune disease
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A condition related to making antibodies (immune substances) against one's own benefit or not (parasitism)
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Benign
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Non cancerous
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Bifurcation
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Forking (branching) into two; as the trachea bifurcates into two individual tubes
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Bilateral
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Pertaining to two sides
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Bradycardia
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Condition of slow heartbeat
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Catabolism
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Process of casting down materials (sugar) to release energy in cells
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Congenital anomaly
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abnormality pertaining to with production. Irregularity at birth
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Connective tissue
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To tie (bind) together A conference (fer-means to carry or bring) is where people
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Contraindication
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To point out against; as reasons why a drug should not be taken
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Contralateral
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Pertaining to the opposite side Ipsilateral means pertaining to the same side
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Dehydration
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Condition of lack of water
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Dialysis
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Complete separation; two types are hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis
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Diameter
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To measure through; as the diameter of a circle
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Diarrhea
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To flow through; water is not properly absorbed through the walls of the colon; complete flow discharge
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Dysplasia
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Abnormal ("bad") development or formation
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Dyspnea
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Difficult breathing
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Ectopic pregnancy
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Pregnancy out of the normal place (usually in the fallopian tubes)
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Endocardium
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Inner lining (membrane) of the heart
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Endoscope
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Instrument to view within the body; gastroscope, bronchoscope, laparoscope
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Endotracheal
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Pertaining to within the trachea
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Epithelium
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Skin cell; literally, "upon a nipple"
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Euphoria
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Good feeling, "high" A eulogy is a speech saying good things about a person after
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Euthyroid
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Normal thyroid function
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Exophthalmos
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Eyeballs that protrude
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Hemiglossectomy
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Removal of half the tongue
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Hyperglycemia
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Blood condition of too much sugar
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Hyperplasia
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Condition of increased formation (increase in number of cells)
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Hypertrophy
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Increase in development; increase in size of cells; condition process of development of excess
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Hypodermic injection
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Use of a needle and syringe to force liquid under the skin
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Hypoglycemia
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Condition of too little sugar in the blood ; decrease in blood sugar
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Incision
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Process of cutting into; sectioning
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Infracostal
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Pertaining to below ribs
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Insomniac
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Pertaining to inability to sleep
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Intercostal
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Pertaining to between the ribs
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Intravenous
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Pertaining to within a vein
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Macrocephaly
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Pertaining to an enlarged head; a congenital anomaly
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Malaise
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Feeling of discomfort; "bad feeling"
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Malignant
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Harmful, bad; cancerous condition
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Metacarpal bones
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Five hand bones (beyond the wrist)
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Metamorphosis
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Condition of change of shape or form. Ex: A worm-like larva undergoes a change in shape to become a butterfly.
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Metastasis
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Beyond control; spreading of a malignant tumor; change of place
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Microscope
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Instrument to view small objects
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Neonatal
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Pertaining to a newborn (infant)
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Neoplasm
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New growth; new formation (tumor)
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Pancytopenia
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Condition of decrease in all cells (blood cells)
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Paralysis
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Abnormal destruction (of nerves) leading to loss of muscle function
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Parathyroid glands
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Endocrine glands located near (on the dorsal side of) the thyroid gland A paramedic
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Percutaneous
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Pertaining to through the skin
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Pericardium
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Membrane surrounding the heart
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Periosteum
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Membrane surrounding the bone
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Polymorphonuclear
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Pertaining to a many-shaped nucleus; a type of white blood cell
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Polyneuritis
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Inflammation of many nerves
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Postmortem
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After death
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Postpartum
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After childbirth; this most often refers to the mother
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Precancerous
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Pertaining to before cancer; a lesion that may become cancerous
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Prenatal
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Pertaining to before birth
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Prodrome
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Signs and symptoms that appear before the onset of a more severe illness
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Prolapse
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Sliding forward or downward
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Prosthesis
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Artificial limb or part of the body (literally, to put or place forward)
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Recombinant DNA
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Inserting a gene (region of DNA) from one organism into the DNA of another
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Relapse
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A sliding back; recurrence of symptoms of disease; to fall behind
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Remission
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To send back; disappearance of symptoms of disease
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Retroflexion
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Bending backward
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Retroperitoneal
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Pertaining to behind the peritoneum shape to become a butterfly This is an example of metamorphosis
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Subcutaneous
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Pertaining to under the skin
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Suprapubic
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Pertaining to above the pubic bone (part of the pelvis)
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Symbiosis
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Condition or state of "life together"; two organisms living together for mutual
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Symmetry
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State of "measurement together"; equality of parts; mirror images
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Symphysis
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To grow together; bones that grow together at the joint
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Syndactyly
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Condition of webbed (held together) fingers or toes; a congenital anomaly
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Syndrome
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A group of symptoms that run (occur) together In synchrony means timed to run together occur with
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Synthesis
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To put or place together, as in protein synthesis or photosynthesis
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Tachypnea
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Rapid breathing
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Transfusion
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To pour across, as in transferring blood from one person to another
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Transurethral
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Pertaining to through the urethra
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Ultrasonography
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Process of recording ultrasound (beyond the normal range) waves
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Unilateral
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Pertaining to one side
