ANS and Endocrine system ch 15&17 – Flashcards

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is illustrated by the purple neurons?

Which type of nerve fibers make up the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?

Where do sympathetic preganglionic fibers synapse?

Where are cell bodies of somatic motor neurons located?

Which region of the spinal cord does NOT contain any autonomic neurons?

The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is characterized by __________.

Which of these statements accurately describes how the general visceral motor system of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) differs from the general somatic motor system? A. The dorsal root ganglia contain cell bodies of motor neurons. B. ANS motor axons are more thickly myelinated than somatic motor axons. C. Motor units in the ANS include a chain of two motor neurons. D. The conduction of impulses through the ANS is quicker than conduction through the somatic motor system.

Which of these statements accurately describes a similarity between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS ? A. Both divisions include some cranial nerves to transmit impulses to organs in the head and neck. B. They innervate different organs, but induce similar effects. C. Both divisions provide rapid systemic responses to dangerous stimuli. D. They innervate many of the same visceral organs. E. Both divisions induce vasodilation of coronary blood vessels.

The ANS is the system of __________ neurons that regulates such functions as __________.

Postganglionic sympathetic fibers to sweat glands and peripheral blood vessels secrete _________.

The general visceral motor division of the peripheral nervous system describes the _________________.

Cell body of this autonomic neuron lies outside the CNS.

Cell body of this autonomic neuron lies within the CNS.

Division that is dominant during exercise, excitement, or emergencies.

Which of these is not innervated by the ANS? A. skeletal muscle B. cardiac muscle C. smooth muscle D. glands

Another name for the ANS is the _____________.

Which of these descriptions is not a result of parasympathetic stimulation? A. contraction of the bladder wall in urination B. production of goose bumps C. increased peristalsis of the digestive viscera D. constriction of the pupils

The trunk ganglia contain what kind of cell bodies?

Cell bodies of the preganglionic sympathetic neurons are located within the _____________.

Which autonomic division increases heart rate?

True or false? Preganglionic fibers are myelinated, whereas postganglionic fibers are unmyelinated.

Which cranial nerve carries parasympathetic innervation to the thoracic and abdominal viscera?

Which of these organs/tissues are NOT innervated by parasympathetic fibers, or do not exhibit parasympathetic effects? A. adrenal medullae, kidney, and gallbladder B. blood coagulation, mental activity, and vagina C. the eye (ciliary muscles), cellular metabolism, and heart D. sweat glands, arrector pili muscles, and adipose tissue

Division of the ANS responsible for the fight-or-flight response describes the ___________.

Division of the ANS most active during vigorous exercise describes the __________.

Division of the ANS most active when the body is at rest describes the _______________.

This division can also be called the craniosacral division.

Division that is dominant during rest, digestion, and excretion.

Which division of the autonomic nervous system has preganglionic fibers within the facial nerve?

All of the following have only sympathetic innervation except the____________. A. sweat glands. B. blood vessels. C. salivary glands. D. arrector pili.

Which of the following cranial nerves does not supply parasympathetic fibers to the head? A. facial B. oculomotor C. vagus D. glossopharyngeal

The parasympathetic nervous system is characterized by_______________________.

The site of origin of the preganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system is the___________.

Cranial parasympathetic outflow is contained in all of the following cranial nerves except the A. accessory. B. facial. C. vagus. D. glossopharyngeal.

In which autonomic division do nerve cell bodies lie closest to the organs being innervated?

Parasympathetic postganglionic fibers of the head travel within the_____________.

Sympathetic fibers leave the spinal cord in the________________.

Over 90% of all preganglionic parasympathetic fibers are in cranial nerve

What is the effect of parasympathetic stimulation of respiratory bronchioles in the lungs?

true or false? Parasympathetic stimulation of blood vessels causes vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure.

true or false? Fibers from the cranial and sacral regions of the spinal cord contribute to the sympathetic division.

true of false? Postganglionic sympathetic fibers are relatively long compared to those of the parasympathetic division.

true or false? The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions can be distinguished by the amount of branching of the post-ganglionic fibers.

which structure is highlighted?

which structure is highlighted?

Which statement is true concerning the innervation of adrenal medulla? A. After synapsing in the celiac ganglion, postganglionic sympathetic fibers stimulate the secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine from the adrenal medulla. B. Postganglionic sympathetic axons terminate in the adrenal medulla and stimulate the release of acetylcholine. C. Preganglionic sympathetic axons terminate in the adrenal medulla and stimulate the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine. D. Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers synapse in the body wall of the adrenal medulla. Postganglionic neurons secrete into the bloodstream to initiate the "rest and digest" response.

Sympathetic innervation to the head follows which pathway?

If you were very nervous about speaking in front of a group of people, which of the following would be likely to develop? A. Parasympathetic stimulation of the adrenal medulla to secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine into the bloodstream B. sympathetic dilation of most blood vessels, and a decrease in blood pressure C. sympathetic stimulation of constrictor muscles in the eyes to constrict pupils D. dry mouth, due to sympathetic inhibition of secretions from the salivary glands E. parasympathetic contraction of the smooth muscles of the bladder wall, promoting voiding

What is the role of the gray rami communicantes?

The sympathetic pathways to the extremities, direct impulses to which of these structures/tissues? A. peripheral blood vessels and salivary glands B. skeletal muscles of the arms and legs C. arrector pili muscles and sweat glands D. the heart and lungs

Short nerve branches that connect the ventral rami of spinal nerves to the sympathetic ganglia.

Ganglia of this structure are connected to the ventral rami of spinal nerves through the rami communicantes.

Which division of the autonomic nervous system innervates the sweat glands in skin?

The gray and white rami communicantes attach to the_________.

What stimulates the adrenal medulla to secrete its excitatory neurohormones?

Which of these statements concerning gray rami communicantes is incorrect? A. Their fibers are unmyelinated. B. They are associated with sympathetic trunk ganglia. C. They carry postganglionic fibers to peripheral structures. D. They contain all the preganglionic fibers traveling to the sympathetic chain.

Cell bodies of preganglionic sympathetic neurons are located within the____________.

Identify the pathway that correctly traces the movement of preganglionic sympathetic fibers.

The secretions of the adrenal medulla act to supplement the effects of____________.

Where would you not find an autonomic ganglion?

true or false? Sympathetic trunk ganglia contain the cell bodies of sensory neurons and are located in the dorsal root of the spinal cord.

true or false? Because the fibers of the sympathetic division arise from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord, they cannot innervate structures of the head or pelvis.

true or false? Parasympathetic fibers innervate the sweat glands, arrector pili, and smooth muscles of the arteries.

umbilical region / superior right thoracic region and superior right quadrant

Control of temperature, of autonomic nervous reflexes, of hunger, and of sleep are functions associated with the_______________.

The part of the brain that exerts more control over autonomic functioning than any other part is the______________.

The overall integrating center for the ANS.

Stimulation of the vagus nerve in the baroreceptor reflex causes __________.

The enteric nervous system functions __________.

What influence does the cerebral cortex have on the ANS?

Which region of the central nervous system integrates the activities of the autonomic nervous system?

true or false? An endocrine cell that secretes its hormone in response to the presence of another hormone is said to be controlled by humoral stimuli.

true or false? All endocrine glands secrete their hormones into the bloodstream.

The major stimulus for the release of thyroid hormone is______________.

Compared to most other organs in the body, endocrine organs are_________.

Secretes hormones that control blood sugar levels.

Identify the letter that indicates a "master gland" that secretes at least nine hormones.

Identify the letter that indicates a gland that secretes hormone that controls metabolic rate.

Which of the purely endocrine organs contain modified neurons that produce and secrete neurohormones?

Identify the bony structure where the pituitary gland is located.

The thyroid gland is located_______.

Cells that manufacture and secrete thyroid-stimulating hormone are located in the______________.

Cells that manufacture and secrete aldosterone are located in the________________.

Which of the following hormones is secreted by neurons? A. insulin B. oxytocin C. thyroid hormone D. growth hormone

The secretion of hormones by the anterior lobe of the pituitary is controlled by the__________.

The adrenal medulla secretes___________.

Which of the following hormones is secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary? A. ADH B. adrenaline C. LH D. glucagon

Gland of the posterior diencephalon.

Identify the letter that indicates a gland that regulates circadian rhythms.

Identify the letter that indicates the hypophysis, which consists of an anterior and posterior lobe.

Which portion of the adrenal gland secretes hormones in response to "fight-or-flight" situations?

Blood levels of which substance are regulated by secretion from the illustrated glands?

What stimulates secretion of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland?

Which organ is influenced by antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

The hormone produced by the heart______.

Erythropoietin is produced in the_______.

Vitamin D is synthesized and secreted by_______.

Which of the following hormones is not produced by the placenta? A. estrogens B. testosterone C. hCG D. progesterone

Which of the following hormones is secreted by cardiac muscle cells? A. ADH B. FSH C. atrial natriuretic hormone D. epinephrine

true or false? the heart contains endocrine cells that secrete atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP).

true or false? In diabetes mellitus, the posterior lobe of the pituitary does not produce sufficient antidiuretic hormone.

Diabetes insipidus can be caused by trauma to the________

Individuals with type 2 diabetes______.

which structure is highlighted?

which gland is highlighted?

which structure is highlighted?

which structure is highlighted?

which structure is highlighted?

which structure is highlighted?

Which gland is highlighted?

Which structure is highlighted?

Which structure is highlighted?

Which structure is highlighted?

Which structure is highlighted?

Which hormone released by this organ stimulates red blood cell synthesis?

which structure is highlighted?

which structure is highlighted?

which structure is highlighted?