Medical Terminology- Chapter 8 – Flashcards
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Anus
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An/o
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Bile, gall
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Chol/e
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Large intestine
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Col/o
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Swallowing
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-phagia
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Small intestine
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Enter/o
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Stomach
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Gastr/o
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Liver
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Hepat/o
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Gallbladder
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Cholecyst/o
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Esophagus
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Esophag/o
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Presence of stones
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-lithiasis
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Sigmoid colon
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Sigmoid/o
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Anus and rectum
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Proct/o
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Digestion
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-pepsia
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Vomiting
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-emesis
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Rectum
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Rect/o
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This connects the small and large intestines.
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Cecum
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S-shaped structure of the large intestine
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Sigmoid colon
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Widest division of the large intestine
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Rectum
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Middle portion of the small intestine
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Jejunum
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First portion of the small intestine
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Duodenum
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The surgical removal of all or part of the stomach is what?
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Gastrectomy
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The medical term meaning difficulty in swallowing is what?
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Dysphagia
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The involuntary grinding or clenching of the teeth is called what?
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Bruxism
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The chronic degeneration of the liver often caused by excessive alcohol abuse is called what?
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Cirrhosis
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Jaundice can be caused by an excess of the pigment called what?
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Bilirubin
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What test defects hidden blood in the stools?
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Hemoccult
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What is a surgical connection between two hollow or tubular structures?
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Anastomosis
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The eating disorder characterized by voluntary starvation and excessive exercising because of an intense fear of gaining weight is known as what?
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Anorexia nervosa
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The hardened deposit that forms on the teeth and irritates the surrounding tissues is known as dental what?
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Calculus
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The surgical removal of all or part of the liver is known as what?
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Hepatectomy
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Surgical suturing of a stomach wound is known as what?
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Gastrorrhaphy
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Pain in the esophagus is known as what?
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Esophalgia
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The surgical removal of all or part of the sigmoid colon is what?
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Sigmoidectomy
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The surgical fixation of the stomach to correct displacement is what?
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Gastroplexy
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Inflammation of the sigmoid colon is known as what?
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Sigmoiditis
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The surgical removal of all or part of the esophagus and stomach is what?
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Esophagogastrectomy
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The term meaning relating to the liver and intestines is what?
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Hepatoenteric
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Abnormal enlargement of the liver is known as what?
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Hepatomegaly
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Inflammation of the stomach, small intestine, and colon is known as what?
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Gastroenterocolitis
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The medical term meaning vomiting blood is what?
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Hematemesis
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What virus is transmitted mainly through contamination of food and water with infected fecal matter?
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Hepatitis A
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What is characterized by a severe reaction to foods containing gluten?
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Celiac disease
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The medical term meaning inflammation of the small intestine is what?
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Enteritis
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What hangs from the free edge of the soft palate?
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Uvula
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The visual examination of the anal canal and lower rectum is known as what?
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Anoscopy
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What term means any disease of the mouth due to a fungus?
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Stomatomycosis
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What is the last and longest portion of the small intestine?
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Ileum
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The inability to control excretion of feces is called what?
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Bowel incontinence
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The liver secretes what, which is stored in the gallbladder for later use?
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Bile
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What travels upward from the cecum to the undersurface of the liver?
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Ascending colon
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The process of building up of body cells and substances from nutrients is known as what?
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Anabolism
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The receptors of taste are located on the dorsum of the what?
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Tongue
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The bone and soft tissues that surround and support the teeth are known as what?
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Periodontium
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The condition characterized by the telescoping of one part of the intestine into another is what?
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Intussusception
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The excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking is known as what?
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Aerophagia
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A yellow discoloration of the skin caused by greater-than-normal amounts of bilirubin in the blood is called what?
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Jaundice
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What is the ring-like muscle that controls the flow from the stomach to the small intestine?
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Pyloric Sphincter
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The medical term for the solid body wastes that are expelled through the rectum is what?
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Feces
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A endoscopic procedure that allows direct visualization of the upper GI tract is what?
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Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
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A dental specialist who prevents or treats disorders of the tissues surrounding the teeth is what?
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Periodontist
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What is the endoscopic examination of the interior of the rectum, sigmoid colon, and possibly a portion of the descending colon?
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Sigmoidoscopy
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A medication that is administered to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting is what?
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Antiemetic
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The establishment of an anastomosis between the upper portion of the stomach and the duodenum is what?
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Gastroduodenostomy
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What is the surgical removal of the last portion of the ileum?
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Ileectomy
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The bacterial infection ______ occurs mostly in hot countries and is spread through food or water contaminated by human feces.
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Dysentery
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The chronic degenerative disease of the liver characterized by the scarring is known as what?
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Cirrhosis
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What is the surgical fixation of the rectum to some adjacent tissue or organ?
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Proctopexy
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The lack of adequate saliva due to the absence of or diminished secretions by the salivary glands is known as what?
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Xerostomia
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What is an acute infection of the bile duct characterized by pain in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen, fever, and jaundice?
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Cholangitis
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What is caused by the abnormal growth of bacteria in the mouth?
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Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
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What is an incision in the common bile duct for the removal of gallstones?
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Choledocholithotomy
