world cultures chapter 9 – Flashcards

the Eastern Roman Empire became known as the Byzantine Empire

the capital city of the Byzantine Empire was Constantinople

Constantinople became known as the "New Rome" because it sat at a crossroads of land and sea routes, and its great wealth came from trade. in addition to encouraging trade, its leaders constructed strong defense for their city. as the cities of the Western Roman Empire crumbled, Constantinople remained secure and prospered. from this capital city roads fanned out to the Balkans, to the Middle East and to North Africa.

Under Justinian the Byzantium Empire flourished

Theodora, she served as advisor and co-ruler to Justinian

autocrat; Justinian ruled as an autocrat, or sole ruler with complete authority

Justinian's Code was a collection and revision and organization of the laws of ancient Rome

the Great Schism was the split between eastern and western Christianity. a dispute over the use of icons, or holy images, caused the split in the Church during the Middle Ages

one of the ways in which the Byzantine Church differed from the Roman Church is by the number of leaders of the Church

the Byzantine emperor appointed the patriarch , or highest Church official

struggles over succession, court intrigues, and constant wars undermined the strength of the Byzantine Empire

the Byzantine Empire stood for approximately 1000 years after the fall of the Western Roman Empire

Constantinople became Istanbul, capital of the Ottoman Empire

Dense forests, Fertile Farmland and a grassland called the southern steppe

the Slavs were the first people to settle in Russia along the fertile band of land that includes the present-day country of Ukraine.

the Vikings, whom the Russians called Vararngians, arrived in Russia between 700 and 800

Russia was named after the Rus tribe (Vikings) that expanded their lands into Russia

Christianity was spread to Russia by Christian missionaries from Constantinople

Russians adopted aspects of Byzantine culture because they traded mainly with them

the Mongols armies led into Russia by Batu were known as the Golden Horde

they were known as the Golden Horde because of the color of their tents

Mongols increased trade routes, modeled absolute rule, and cut ties with Western Europe

the Golden Horde ruled Russia for 240 years

the princess of Russia acted as patriotic defenderes of Russia

Ivan the Great united Russia under one rule

Ivan the Great's grandson was known as Ivan the Terrible. he was given the title Ivan the Terrible because of the ways in which he used his power

Eastern Europe sat at the top of trade routes. it's location allowed it to become the epicenter of trade and commerce. the geography allowed different groups to migrate to the region and have the natural resources necessary to sustain life

the Balkan Peninsula is the southernmost arm of land in Eastern Europe that juts into the Mediterranean

Eastern Europe was diverse because of its influences from different religions as well as the customs, and traditions from the waves of people migrating to the region

its main rivers, the Danube and the Vistula, flow either south into the Black Sea or north into the Baltic Sea

Western European Christians launched brutal attacks on Jewish communities, particularly during the Crusades and the Black Death

in the early Middle Ages, the Slavs spread from Russia to Eastern Europe

Ethnic group; the Balkans were peoples by many ethnic group

some parts of Eastern Europe were influenced by Russia, other parts by Western Europe, and others by the Byzantine empire. the Balkans were influenced by the Byzantine empire, while northern regions forged links with Western Europe , and the eastern part was influenced by Russia