Geology Chapter 7 – Flashcards

Which two minerals are most common in detrital sedimentary rocks?

What is the most abundant chemical sedimentary rock in Earth's crust?

Working in the field, you find a rock that contains rounded fragments that are greater than 2 mm in diameter. What would you call this rock?

The geologic laboratory where you work received a sample for analysis that is composed of calcite that includes many microscopic fossils of marine organisms and reacts with acid. What name would identify this rock?

In the list below, indicate which of the environments fossilization is likely to occur in. Note that fossils contain organic matter.

Rock salt is an example of a(n) __________, deposited by saturation and precipitation in evaporating water.

What mineral is the major component of rock salt?

From what you learned in the video, compare the Pleistocene climate to present-day climate of the western United States.

Name the progression of coal types with increased heat and pressure from burial.

Abundant plant material accumulating in a swampy environment with __________ is required for peat to form.

What coal is soft, black in color, and produces soot upon handling?

How is anthracite produced from bituminous coal?

In the United States, the most common type of coal is __________ and the largest producing state is __________.

Which of the following defines depositional environment?

What is a delta?

Other than sand dunes in a desert environment, where else would you expect to find well-rounded and sorted sand deposits?

Describe the distribution of sedimentary deposits you would expect to find on a delta.

Which structure is common in sedimentary rock?

What property of detrital sedimentary rocks can be indicative of the energy of sediment transport?

For a detrital sedimentary rock that contains mudcracks, you could be confident that the environment in which it formed was _____.

In your field area you find a quartz sandstone unit with cross-bedding in it that is on the order of 2 m high. In what environment would you deduce this rock formed?

In another field area you find a detrital sedimentary rock that contains particles larger than 264 mm that are rounded and surrounded by finer-grained particles. In what environment might you think these sediments were deposited?