Nutrition Chpt 5 – Flashcards
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What are the precursors for synthesis of the eicosanoids?​
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Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids
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About how much cholesterol is synthesized by the liver every day?
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800 to 1500mg
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An important function of fat in the body is to ____.​
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Protect vital organs against shock
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What term may be used to describe a hydrophobic sterm-5ubstance?
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​Lipophilic
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Which compound is missing four or more hydrogen atoms?
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Polyunsaturated Fatty acids
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When consumed regularly, which fatty acid helps prevent the formation of blood clots?
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​Eicosapentaenoic acid
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In the digestion of fats, emulsifiers function as ____.​
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detergents
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Which statement describes is a feature of choline?
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It is part of lecithin
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The results of blood tests that reveal a person's total cholesterol and triglycerides are called a ____.
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Lipid profile
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What are the substances resistin and adiponectin?
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​Substances that dampen inflammation and decrease insulin resistance
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What tissue contains special receptors for removing low-density lipoproteins from the circulation?
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Liver
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What type of compound is lecithin?
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Phospholipid
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Aspirin works to reduce the symptoms of infection or pain by retarding the synthesis of​
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​certain eicosanoids.
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​In comparison to a low-density lipoprotein, a high-density lipoprotein contains ____
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less lipid
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What is the approximate average daily trans-fatty acid intake in the United States?
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5g
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​Which product is a good source of eicosapentaenoic acid?
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Tuna
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Which product has the highest percentage of its fat in polyunsaturated form?
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Corn Oil
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For most adults, what is the recommended minimum amount of fat that should be consumed, as a percentage of total energy intake?
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20
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What dietary advice is appropriate for reducing fat intake?​
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Limit intake of all fried foods because they contain abundant fat
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Approximately how much saturated fat is in a plain baked potato?
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0g
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Which product provides abundant amounts of omega-3 fatty acids?​
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Flaxseed oil
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What is the recommended range of daily fat consumption for an individual on a 2000 calorie diet?​
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45 to 75 grams
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Approximately how much saturated fat is in 8 ounces of whole milk?​
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5g
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Of the total fat content of the most commonly eaten nuts in the United States, what is the approximate percentage of monounsaturated fat?
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59
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What product has the highest percentage of its fat in saturated form?
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Coconut oil
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The average daily cholesterol intake of U.S. women is about ____.
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224mg
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What is a common dietary saturated fatty acid?
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Stearic acid
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What is the function of adipose cell hormone-sensitive lipase?
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​Hydrolyzes triglycerides to provide fatty acids for other cells
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Which food contains cholesterol?
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Roasted Turkey
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In which form are most dietary lipids found?​
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​Triglycerides
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Chylomicrons are synthesized within the ____.
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intestinal cells
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What is the function of lipoprotein lipase?
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Hydrolyzes blood triglycerides for uptake into cells
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Which statement characterizes the lipase enzymes?
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Salivary gland lipase (lingual lipase) plays an active role in fat digestion in infants
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Surveys show that U.S. adults' average intake of fat as a percentage of total energy intake is ____.
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34%
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Which of the following is a characteristic of cholesterol?
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​It is a precursor for bile and vitamin D synthesis
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Which lipoprotein contains the highest percentage of cholesterol?
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Low-density lipoprotein
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Approximately what percentage of the body's energy needs at rest is supplied by fat?
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60
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What is the chemical composition of triglycerides?
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​Fatty acids and glycerol
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What part of the gastrointestinal tract is the predominant site of dietary fat hydrolysis?
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Small intestine
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Which source of lipids should be substituted for saturated fats to help lower blood cholesterol levels?
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Canola Oil
