AP II: ch. 19 MAP – Flashcards

Which layer of the typical blood vessel is constructed from simple squamous epithelium?

like the endocardium of the heart, made of simple squamous epithelium

Which layer of the typical vessel can be regulated to constrict or dilate the lumen?

consists of smooth muscle that is regulated by the sympathetic nervous system; used to regulate the diameter of the lumen.

Which of these features is found only in arteries?

found in arteries to help absorb the shock of the heart beat and return the vessel to its natural size

Which type of vessel is most suited to expanding and recoiling in response to the ejection of blood from the heart?

absorb most of the shock when the heart ejects blood. The expansion stores energy; the recoil disperses this energy by moving blood further through the circulation.

What type of vessel has a relatively large amount of smooth muscle compared to its elastic tissue?

have relatively thick muscle layers with little elastic support; designed to distribute blood and control flow

What type of vessel is capable of allowing the passage of gases and nutrients though its walls to nourish surrounding tissue?

thin walls of these blood vessels allow gases and nutrients to be exchange freely with surrounding cells

least permeable, and most common (e.g. muscle, skin)

large fenestrations (pores) increase permeability; occurs in areas of active absorption/fenestration (e.g. kidney, sm. intestine)

most permeable; occurs in special locations (e.g. live, bone marrow, spleen)

redistribution of blood flow during exercise. When at rest the muscles receive a relatively small amount of blood as they are not active. During exercise the distribution of blood changes. A great deal more blood is required by the muscles for movement.

a band of smooth muscle that adjusts blood flow into capillaries mainly in the mesenteric microcirculation

short vessel that links arterioles and venules. Instead of a continuous tunica media, they have individual smooth muscle cells placed a short distance apart, each forming a precapillary sphincter that encircles the entrance to that capillary bed

central channel in the arteriolar system; flow through the channel is controlled by the sphincter effect of the branch of the arteriole, the metarteriole

branch from arterioles and provide exchange between cells and the blood

any of a group of venules located in the lymph nodes, tonsils, and aggregated lymphatic follicles, having a high-walled endothelium through which blood lymphocytes migrate into the lymphatic parenchyma

an arteriole that divides into capillaries

Varicose veins seen in the superficial veins of the legs are unsightly and often treated by surgically removing them. However, even without these veins being present, the return of all blood toward the heart from the legs is not diminished primarily because ______.

Calculate the mean arterial pressure (MAP) for a patient whose systolic blood pressure is 120 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure is 70 mm Hg.

What blood vessel experiences the steepest drop in blood pressure?

Which of these responses is NOT a response consistent with a drop in mean arterial pressure?

Which of the following is NOT one of the ways that angiotensin II increases arterial blood pressure?

Which of the following would be interrupted in the indirect renal mechanism if angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is blocked from performing its job?

How does inflating a blood pressure cuff affect brachial artery blood flow?

Other than the brain and heart, what organ would hypertension affect the most?

Which of the following is a myogenic factor that influences blood flow?

A muscle that is being regularly contracted during exercise will attract blood flow by dilating arterioles. Which of these factors would contribute to the effect?

Which vessel leaves the right ventricle of the heart to take oxygen-poor, dark red blood into pulmonary circulation?

Which vessel(s) return(s) oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart to complete the pulmonary circuit?

From what artery does the right common carotid artery arise?

Which artery branches off the subclavian arteries?

Which artery branches into the common hepatic artery, splenic artery, and left gastric artery?

large, unpaired artery that enters the mesentery; emerges from the abdominal aorta below the celiac trunk.