Chapter 13 pt.2 – Flashcards

__________ are receptors that can respond to changes in pressure.

Pressure, pain, and temperature receptors in the skin are ________.

Potentially damaging stimuli that result in pain are selectively detected by ________. Which receptors adapt most slowly? respond to potentially damaging stimuli like noxious chemicals and extremes of temperature or pH. Generally associated with free nerve endings of specialized neurons.

Feeling a gentle caress on your arm would likely involve all of the following

Bulbous corpuscle or ____

tactile corpuscle or ____

pacinian corpuscle or___

Which of the following is not a way that sensory receptors are classified?

Which of the following is composed of encapsulated nerve endings?

__________ do NOT exhibit the property of adaptation.

In the somatosensory system there are no third-order neurons in the cerebellum.

Which of the following are a main level of neural integration in the somatosensory system?

Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the occurrence of a sensation?

All processing at the circuit level going up to the perceptual level must synapse in the ________.

Which of the following is not an aspect of sensory perception?

Transduction refers to conversion of ________.

Why might an individual experience the phenomenon known as "referred pain"?

The hyperalgesia that is common in phantom limb pain could be blocked if a new drug was developed that could prevent (without triggering any side-effects) the ______.

After axonal injury, regeneration in peripheral nerves is guided by ________.

Regeneration within the CNS ________.

Select the statement that is most correct.

The majority of a nerve's bulk is due to axons.

There are __________ pairs of cranial nerves.

The majority of the cranial nerves attach to the __________.

Spinal nerves are all classified as __________.

The glossopharyngeal nerve is the only cranial nerve that contains sensory fibers. T/F

The only cranial nerves to extend beyond the head and neck region are the vagus nerves.

External strabismus and ptosis could be caused by damage to the oculomotor nerve.

The ________ nerve is not a branch of the trigeminal nerve.

Bell's palsy is ________.

Mixed cranial nerves containing both motor and sensory fibers include all except which of the following?

The cranial nerves that have neural connections with the tongue include all except the ________.

Problems in balance may follow trauma to which nerve?

A fracture of the ethmoid bone could result in damage to which cranial nerve?

A patient who received a blow to the side of the skull exhibits the following signs and symptoms on that side of the face: he is unable to close his eye, and the corner of his mouth droops. Which cranial nerve has been damaged?

Which cranial nerve is the longest?

A nurse is asked about the cause of the excruciating pain of tic douloureux. How should the nurse answer?

The second cranial nerve forms a chiasma at the base of the brain for partial crossover of neural fibers.

The cranial nerve with a cervical origin (spinal cord) is the ________.

In carpal tunnel syndrome, the __________ is compressed.

Hiccups could occur if there was irritation or damage to the ______.

The brachial plexus can be palpated at the lower lateral border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Injury to the brachial plexus could cause weakness or paralysis to all of the following EXCEPT the ______.

In carpal tunnel syndrome, there may be tingling and numbness in the thumb due to compression of the ______.

Damage to the ulnar nerve could result in the inability to ______.

If "wrist drop" were to appear, there would also be an increased probability of ______.

A herniated lumbar disc could interfere with ______.

Sciatica has no direct affect on ______.

The meningeal branch of a spinal nerve actually reenters the vertebral canal to innervate the meninges and blood vessels.

The musculocutaneous nerve is a major nerve of the brachial plexus.

The dorsal ramus consists only of motor fibers bringing information to the spinal cord.

Dermatomes are skin segments that relate to sensory innervation regions of the spinal nerves.

Dorsal and ventral rami are similar in that they both contain sensory and motor fibers.

The obturator nerve branches from the sacral plexus.

The posterior side of the thigh, leg, and foot is served by the ________ nerve.

Starting at the spinal cord, the subdivisions of the brachial plexus are (in order):

A major nerve of the lumbar plexus is the ________.

Spinal nerves exiting the cord from the level of L4 to S4 form the ________.

The sciatic nerve is a combination of which two nerves?

The flexor muscles in the anterior arm (biceps brachii and brachialis) are innervated by what nerve?

If the ventral root of a spinal nerve were cut, what would be the result in the tissue or region that nerve supplies?

Ralph sustained a leg injury in a bowling accident and had to use crutches. Unfortunately, he never took the time to learn how to use them properly. After two weeks of use, he noticed his fingers were becoming numb. Then he noticed his arms were getting weaker and had a tingling sensation. What could be his problem?

What type of nerve fibers are found in the ventral ramus of a spinal nerve?

The primary nerve that controls breathing is found in which nerve plexus?

Which of the following lists the hierarchy of motor control from lowest to highest level of control?

Which structure is involved in the segmental level of motor control?

Somatic reflexes activate __________.

The knee-jerk reflex is an example of a __________.

The cerebellum and basal nuclei are involved in regulating motor activity, starting and stopping movements, and coordinating postural movements.

Which of the following does NOT occur as people age?

Inborn or intrinsic reflexes are ________.

Anatomically, all general sensory receptors are encapsulated nerve endings.

A knee-jerk reflex that is unusually strong may be caused by ______.

Reciprocal inhibition means that while one sensory nerve is stimulated, another sensory neuron for synergistic muscles in the same area is inhibited and cannot respond.

A reflex that causes muscle relaxation and lengthening in response to muscle tension is called a ________.

In a crossed-extensor reflex, if the right arm was grabbed it would flex and the left arm would ________.

Prevents muscle overstretching and maintains muscle tone

Tests upper and lower motor pathways. The sole of the foot is stimulated with a dull instrument

Produces a rapid withdrawal of the body part from a painful stimulus; ipsilateral

produces muscle relaxation and lengthening in response to tension, the contracting muscle relaxes as its antagonist is activated

consists of an ipsilateral withdrawal reflex and a contralateral extensor reflex; important in maintaing balance Which reflex is triggered when a stranger suddenly grasps your arm?

CNS nerve fibers lack the intrinsic capacity to regenerate, while PNS nerve fibers are able to regenerate.

A joint and the muscle that moves that joint tend to be innervated by different nerves.

Select the true statements (more than one) about the characteristics of sensory neurons in the stretch reflex?

Which is the true statement about the synapses in the spinal cord in the stretch reflex?

Examine the cross section through the lumbar section of the spinal cord and the two patellar reflex pathways shown. What identifies these synapses?

Examine and characterize the two motor pathways in the stretch patellar reflex.

A patient sustains a ventral horn injury to the lumbar region of the spine. This injury has damaged the cell bodies of several afferent nerves within the region. Predict how the patient's patellar reflex might be affected.

Which of the following is the site of the release of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine?

Which of the following statements is true?