Chapter 15 Review – Flashcards

Which of the following is the last step in the rational decision-making process? Considering possible courses of action Identifying the objectives and goals Defining a problem or opportunity Choosing the optimal decision

Which of the following statements describes bounded rationality? A set of constraints that tend to complicate the rational decision-making process The act of choosing a solution that is good enough The process of identifying issues and making choices from alternative courses of action Insights that are tapped through intuition and are not always fully understood by the decision maker

Satisficing refers to: the act of making simple and irrational decisions. the act of choosing a solution that is good enough. the act of making decisions within a set of constraints. the act of making decisions based on a certain starting point.

Under ________ , individuals have information related to an organization's objectives and priorities, but they do not have complete information about alternative courses of action or about the possible outcomes for each one. conditions of risk conditions of certainty conditions of satisficing conditions of uncertainty

Which of the following heuristics contends that individuals make estimates or choices based on a certain starting point? Adjustment Availability Representativeness Confirmation

Which of the following statements best describes framing? Short-cuts that individuals use to save time when making complex decisions The tendency to favor the "here and now" and to reject potential change Alternative presentations of the same information that can significantly alter a decision The act of choosing a solution that is good enough in situations that are characterized by uncertainty and risk

Which of the following refers to the tendency to favor the "here and now" and to reject potential change? Satisficing Status quo bias Framing Bounded rationality

________ refers to the process of making decisions based on societal norms or expectations. Appropriateness framework Bounded rationality Escalation of commitment Intuitive decision making

Decisions that are made in response to novel, poorly defined situations that require managers to use their best judgments are referred to as ________ decisions. suboptimal structured irrational nonprogrammed

Which of the following statements about programmed decisions is true? Programmed decisions are usually made under conditions of risk and uncertainty. Programmed decisions generally require a manager to execute. Programmed decisions are made in response to recurring organizational problems. Programmed decisions typically require social consensus.

The ________ model of decision making acknowledges that managers may be unable to make economically rational decisions even if they want to because they lack sufficient information on which to base their decisions. administrative garbage can classical political

The ________ model of decision making acknowledges that most organizational decisions involve many managers who have different goals and who have to share information to reach an agreement. administrative classical garbage can political

While preparing for tough calls using SCRIPTS process, managers should first: consider the time frame. solve the problem. search for signals of threats. find the causes.