Chapter 9-11 MC – Flashcards

A movement away from the midline of the body is called: a) adduction b) flexion c) inversion d) abduction e) extension

The fulcrum of a lever system is the: a) resistance b) joint c) bone d) muscle e) load

The delicate connective tissue that surround the skeletal muscle fibers and ties adjacent muscle fibers together is the: a) endomysium b) periosteum c) epimysium d) superficial fascia e) perimysium

The correct order of the following events when a muscle contracts is: 1. Myosin cross-bridges bind to the actin 2. The free myosin head splits ATP 3. Calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum 4. The myosin head pivots toward the center of the sarcomere 5. Calcium ion binds to troponin 6. The myosin head binds an ATP molecule and detaches from the actin a) 1,3,5,4,6,2 b) 1,4,6,2,3,5 c) 5,1,4,6,2,3 d) 3,5,1,4,6,2 e) 3,5,1,2,4,6

In a _____ muscle, the muscle fibers and fascicles lie in a slanted or oblique position to the tendon. a) circular b) convergent c) pennate d) parallel e) divergent

Muscle tissue, one of the four basic tissue groups, consists chiefly of cells that are highly specialize for: a) peristalsis b) conduction c) cushioning d) contraction e) secretion

The elbow joint is an example of a(n) ______ joint. a) condylar b) hinge c) saddle d) gliding e) pivot

Which of the following types of muscle fibers are best adapted for prolonged contraction such as standing all day? a) fast fibers b) slow fibers c) intermediate fibers d) striated fibers e) uninucleated fibers

Joints in which the bones are closely fitted are: a) weak joints with restricted movement b) strong joints with restricted movement c) joints in the limbs that function for locomotion d) strong and free-moving joints e) synovial joints

Muscles that extend the elbow attach to the: a) olecranon process b) lateral epicondyle c) coronoid process d) radial tuberosity e) medial epicondyle

Most of the skeletal muscles in the body are _____ muscles. a) straight b) parallel c) pennate d) circular e) convergent

A(n) ____ is a muscle whose contraction is chiefly responsible for producing a particular movement. a) motor-unit b) opposition c) prime mover d) synergist e) antagonist

Which of these phrases most aptly describes "muscle insertion"? a) connective tissue that surround an entire muscle b) tendon attachment that doesn't move c) broad tendon sheet d) connective tissue that surround a single muscle fiber e) tendon attachment that moves

Mike falls off his skateboard and sprains his ankle. Which of the following most likely occurs with this type of accident? a) the tibia is broken and must be set in a cast b) dislocation of the ankle occurs c) a bursa is damaged and leaks synovial fluid d) a ligament is stretched and collagen fibers in the ligament are damaged e) articulating bones are forced out of position and ligaments are torn

A lever consists of: a) a fulcrum b) a rigid structure and a fulcrum c) a bone, a muscle, and a nerve d) a tendon and a muscle e) a rigid structure

Which of the following types of joints is monaxial but capable of only rotation? a) pivot b) saddle c) ball-and-socket d) gliding e) hinge

The advantage of having many nuclei in a skeletal muscle fiber is the ability to: a) store extra DNA for metabolism b) produce nutrients for muscle contraction c) produce large amounts of muscle proteins d) contract much more forcefully e) produce more ATP with little oxygen

The bundle of collagen fibers at the end of a skeletal muscle that attaches the muscle to bone is called a(n): a) myofibril b) ligament c) tendon d) epimysium e) fascicle

There is limited movement between the ribs and the sternum. Such joints are classified structurally as: a) amphiarthroses b) diarthroses c) symphyses d) synarthroses e) hemiarthroses

The joint that permits the greatest range of mobility of any joint in the body is the _____ joint. a) shoulder b) knee c) wrist d) hip e) elbow

The most common lever systems in the body are those that have the applied force between the fulcrum and the load. These are called _____ levers. a) first-class b) second-class c) third-class d) fourth-class e) fifth-class

The end of a muscle that remains stationary when the muscle contracts is called the: a) origin b) lever c) insertion d) tendon e) aponeurosis

The region of the sarcomere that always contains thin filaments is the: a) I band b) Z line c) M line d) A band e) H band

In a sarcomere, cross-bridge attachment occurs specifically in the: a) M line b) H band c) I band d) zone of overlap e) A band

In response to action potentials arriving along the transverse tubules, the sarcoplasmic reticulum releases: a) sodium ions b) hydrogen ions c) acetylcholine d) potassium ions e) calcium ions

At rest, active sites on the actin are blocked by: a) tropomyosin molecules b) calcium ions c) myosin molecules e) troponin molecules e) ATP molecules

Which of the following movements is a good example of supination? a) turning the hand palm upward b) extreme bending of the head backwards c) spreading of the fingers d) moving the hand toward the shoulder e) opening of the mouth

Muscles that guard entrances and exits of internal passageways are ____ muscles. a) parallel b) convergent c) circular d) pennate e) bipennate

_______ muscle fibers pull in different directions, permitting different actions depending on stimulation. a) convergent b) circular c) straight d) pennate e) parallel

When a skeletal muscle fiber contracts, the: a) width of the A band increases b) zones of overlap get larger c) H bands and I bands get larger d) Z lines move further apart e) all of the answer are correct

Which of the following become connected my myosin cross-bridges during muscle contraction? a) thick filaments and titin filaments b) thin filaments and t-tubules c) thin filaments and thick filaments d) thick filaments and t-tubules e) z disks and actin filaments

Which of the following is an example of a ball-and-socket joint? a) wrist b) shoulder c) elbow d) knee e) ankle

Muscle fibers differ from "typical cells" in that muscle fibers: a) have larger gaps in the cell membrane b) have many nuclei c) are very small d) lack mitochondria e) lack a plasma membrane

The surface of articular cartilage is: a) smooth b) slick c) slick d) rough e) both slick and smooth

A muscle that assists the muscle that is primarily responsible for a given action is a(n): a) synergist b) originator c) agonist d) antagonist e) lavtor

A synovial joint is an example of a(n): a) symphysis b) diarthrosis c) syndesmosis d) synarthrosis e) amphiarthrosis

In a triaxial articulation: a) only circumduction is possible b) movement can occur in only two axes c) no movement is possible d) movement can occur in only one axis e) movement can occur in all three axes

The freedom of movement is greatest in the: a) pelvic girdle b) jaw c) sacrum d) thoracic vertebral column e) pectoral girdle

An extension past the anatomical position is known as: a) hyperextension b) extension c) flexion d) double-jointed e) rotation

Large-diameter, densely packed myofibril, large glycogen reserves, and few mitochondria are characteristics of: a) slow fibers b) fatty muscles c) red muscles d) intermediate fibers e) fast fibers

A suture is an example of a(n): a) amphiarthrosis b) synarthrosis c) syndesmosis d) diarthrosis e) symphysis

The narrow space between the synaptic terminal and the muscle fiber is the: a) M line b) synaptic knob c) motor end plate d) motor unit e) synaptic cleft

Contracting the gastrocnemius muscles to elevate the body on the toes involves a _____ lever. a) first-class b) second-class c) third-class d) fourth-class e) fifth-class

A fascicle is a: a) collection of myofibril in a muscle fiber b) group of muscle fibers that are all part of the same motor unit c) group of muscle fibers and motor neurons d) group of muscle fibers that are encased in the perimysium e) layer of connective tissues that separates muscle form skin

Put the following structures in order from superficial to deep: 1. muscle fiber 2. perimysium 3. myofibril 4. fascicle 5. endomysium 6. epimysium a) 2,3,1,4,6,5 b) 6,2,4,5,1,3 c) 1,5,4,3,2,6 d) 1,3,5,6,4,2 e) 6,2,5,4,1,3