AP Human Geography Chapter 6 Vocab 2 – Flashcards

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Creole
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Used to describe the language of the Caribbean region.
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Creolization
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The process in which two or more languages converge and form a new language (used to describe languages in the Caribbean when slavery and colonization merged cultures.
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Esperanto
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An effort was launched in the early in the 20th century to create a unifying world language.
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Lingua Franca
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A language used as a common tongue among the people who speaks diverse languages to conduct business. Example: airline pilots must speak English.
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Official language
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A language spoken by the educated and politically elite used to create internal cohesion, usually the language of the courts and government.
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Pidgin language
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A mix of languages when cultures mix, very low levels of grammar, useful enough to trade.
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Monolingual states
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A country where only one language is spoken. Example: Japan, Uruguay, Venezuela, Iceland, Portugal, Poland, Lesotho.
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Multilingual states
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A country where more than one language is spoken, can be a reflection of cultural pluralism, often happens in countries where colonialism threw together many cultural and linguistic groups.
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Sound shift
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A slight change in a word across languages within a subfamily or through a language family from the present backward toward its origin.
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Toponymy
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A study about place name
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Preliterate society
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A society which people speak the language but don't write it.
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