chem chp 6 – Flashcards
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question
What element makes protein different from carbohydrates and fats?
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nirtogen
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What dictates the structure of a protein molecule synthesized by the body?
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the DNA inside the nucleus of the cell
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Which of the following is nOT a component of an amino acid molecule?
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a fatty acid group
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The part of the protein molecule that carries nitrogen is the
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amine group
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In phenylketonuria (PKU), which animo acid becomes conditionally assential?
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tyrosine
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How many strings of amino acids does a polypeptide consist of
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more than 10
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The twisting, spiral shape formed by the sequence and chemical properties of its amino acids refers to what part of a protein's structure?
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secondary
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A complete protein
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contains all 9 essential amino acids
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The process of transferring the amine group from one amino acid to another is called
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transamination
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Two amino acids are joined together by a peptin bond to form a dipeptin. What is the by-product of this process.
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water
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Which if the following foods is a source of complete protein?
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chicken
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Egg whites stiffen when they are whipped. The change that occurs in the protein is called
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denaturation
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In what structure of the mammalian cell are proteins synthesizes
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ribosome
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MOST of the proteins in the body are synthesized from
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twenty amino acids
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The process through which mRNA copies genetic information from DNA
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transciption
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Of the twenty amino acids relevant to the human body, how many are considered nonessential?
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11
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Which if the following is a body protein that is stored in a gland and secreted to an organ?
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hormone
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In the body, butters are very important for
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maintaining acid-base balance in the body
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Which of the following is NOT an amino-acid containing hormone?
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tertosterone
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Which of the following proteins are fundemental to the immune system
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antibodies
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Significant chemical digestion of proteins begins in the
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stomach
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The process of combining two incomplete proteins to make a complete protein is called
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mutual supplementation
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They type of vegetarian who eats vegtables, grains, fruits. eggs and milk but exclude all other types of animal protein is called
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lacto-ovo-vegetarian
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The type of protein-energy malnutrition characterized by a general lack of proteins in the diet is called
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kwashiorkor
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The absorption of proteins occurs in the
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small intestine
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Name the hormone which controls the release of hydrocholic acid and pepsin
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gastrin
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What is that enzyme that digest proteins in the small intestine
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proteases
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The positively charged electrolyte concentrated inside the cell is potassium, and the positively charged electrolyte concentrated outside the cell is
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sodium
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A deficiency of protein can lead to what condition in which fluid accumulates in the body's tissue space
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edema
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Which of the following processes involves both the synthesis of new proteins and the breakdown of existing proteins to provide amino acids for building new proteins
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turn over
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Protein is a primary source of our bodues
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False
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One should use amino acid supplements regularly in order to build muscle tissue
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false
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Excess protein that we eat can be excreted through urin
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fale
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A denatured protein has better functional activity and retains its shape
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false
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All hormones are proteins
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false
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All enzymes are proteins
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true
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All proteins are enzymes false
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false
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Essential amino acids are more important to the human body than nonessential amino acids
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false
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Protein-energy malnutrition is seen only in developing countries
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false
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The majority of protein digestion occurs in the mouth
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false
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Hydrochloric acid coverts the inactive pepsinogen into its active pepsin form
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true
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Alkalosis is a condition in which the pH of the blood becomes to basic
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true
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Soybeans are good sources of protein, like meat
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true
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Marasmus is a serious condition resulting from inadequate intakes of proteins and energy
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true
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Peptin bonds by which one amino acid binds to another amino acid
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true
