UNIT 1: Professional Nursing Practice – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
-Cared for soldiers from Crimean War -Supervised nursing staff -Implemented hospital record system -Documented Statistics -Introduced Asepsis and Infection Control -Demonstrated political activism -Formalized Nursing Education (1860) -Established England's 1st Nursing School -Created Foundational Definition of Nursing: -Nursing is the Art of placing the patient in the best condition for Nature to act
answer
Florence Nightingale (1850's)
question
-Many volunteer nurses -Nurse Leader: Dorothea Dix -Other leaders and contributors: -- Harriet Tubman -- Sojourner Truth -- Clara Barton - Growth of formal nursing "training" after the war -- Students staffed hospitals then graduated to private duty/home care - 1st Nursing Textbook in 1876 - 1st African American School of Nursing in 1886
answer
Civil War Period (1860's)
question
-School teacher (Not a Nurse!) -Organized military hospitals -Caused need for formal nursing "training"
answer
Dorothea Dix
question
States Required Registry of "Nurses"
answer
1900 to World War I (1914)
question
- Public Health Pioneer - Founded the precursors to: - American Nurses Association (ANA) - National League for Nursing (NLN) - National Organization of Public Health Nursing
answer
Lillian Wald
question
- Healthcare innovations - Health care moved from the home to hospitals - Nurses needed for war injuries - Nursing roles expanded (Nurse anesthetists) - 1st BSN programs at Yale & Case Western established in 1923-1924
answer
World War I to 1920's
question
- Social Security Act of 1935 - Provided additional avenues for nursing care - Created Nursing Jobs o Public health nursing o Hospital employment
answer
Great Depression (1930-1940)
question
- Inadequate # of nurses in the armed services - Nurse Training Act of 1943 (Federal funds for nurse training) - Within the military this included the Army Nurse Corps
answer
World War II (1940-1945)
question
- Continued emergence of nursing as a profession - 50 states REQUIRED STATE BOARD TESTING by 1950 - Rapid expansion of hospitals -Emergence of community college & Associate Degree Nurse (ADN) programs
answer
Post World War II Period (1945-1950)
question
-1965: Social Security Act: Medicare(old) & Medicaid(poor) - Inpatient care increased & community care decreased -1970's: inequitable wages for nurses, advanced practice nurses emerging -1980's: need for indigent care; escalating healthcare costs; DRG's -1990's: concern for the health of the nation; women with families working full time, AIDS epidemic; technologic increases; center for nursing research
answer
United States 1960's and Forward
question
-Critical Thinking -Communication -Interprofessional Collaboration -Assessment -Leadership -Technical Skills
answer
Core Competencies for Nurses
question
-Health promotion -Disease Prevention -Information Technology -Health Systems -Public Policy -Evidence Based Practice
answer
Core Knowledge for Nurses
question
-Aging Population -Nursing Shortage -Generational differences in the workforce -Funding of healthcare
answer
Challenges for Nurses from the Community
question
-Inadequate salaries -Lack of opportunities for decision making -Technology -Stress -Overwork -Insufficient Staffing
answer
Challenges identified by staff nurses
question
jointly released The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health, calling it a blueprint for transforming the American health system by strengthening nursing care and better preparing nurses to help lead reform.
answer
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) joint initiative on the future of nursing
question
-Practice to the full extent of their education & training -Achieve higher levels of education and training through an improved education that promotes seamless academic progression - Be full partners with physicians & other health professionals in redesigning health care in the US - Effective workforce planning & policy making require better data collection & an information infrastructure
answer
Institute of Medicine Report (2011)
question
Nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and TREATMENT OF HUMAN RESPONSE, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations.
answer
DEFINITION OF NURSING
question
The systematic application of substantial specialized knowledge and skill, derived from the biological, physical and behavioral sciences, to the care, treatment, counsel and health teaching of individuals who are experiencing changes in normal health processes or who require assistance in the maintenance of health and the prevention and management of illness, injury or disability. (MNA 2011)
answer
Definition of Nursing Practice in Michigan
question
- The basic philosophical beliefs of caring for human beings, understanding their environment, nurturing health & maintaining high standards of nursing are core concepts. (Handbook Page 2)
answer
OCC Organizing Framework for Nursing
question
- Accountability - Communication/Collaboration - Critical Thinking/Decision Making - Culture/Diversity - Leadership - Nursing Process - Professionalism - Safety - Teaching/Learning
answer
Core Competencies
question
Nursing is accountable to the public for the provision of nursing care, professional growth, and life long learning
answer
Core Concept- Accountability
question
-Fundamental to the development and maintenance of a therapeutic relationship between the nurse, the patient, and the family. The nurse is nonjudgmental, caring, and compassionate. Therapeutic communication is an integral element of each phase of the nursing process. -Collaboration involves communication with colleagues, both verbal and written, that is purposeful, timely and organized. The goal of collaboration is to assure clear communication in providing high quality and safe care.
answer
Core Concept-Communication/Collaboration
question
-Essential to the delivery of quality nursing care and are reflected in the 16 characteristics below 1) Confidence 2) Perspective 3) Creativity 4) Flexibility 5) Inquisitiveness 6) Intuition 7) Integrity 8) Open-minded 9) Perseverance 10) Reflection 11) Analyzing 12) Discrimination 13) Seek Information 14) Logical Reasoning 15) Predicting 16) Applying Standards
answer
Core Concept-Critical Thinking/Decision Making
question
- Terms that describe the unique heritage, backgrounds, beliefs, and values of each individual. The nurse demonstrates respect and dignity and recognizes the worth of these differences in others, including patients, colleagues and other members of the healthcare team. Valuing others views and beliefs, the nurse considers the preferences of the patient in planning and implementing care.
answer
Core Concept-Culture/Diversity
question
- Is demonstrated by upholding standards of practice, acquiring knowledge, providing mentorship, utilizing creativity, fostering teamwork, and utilizing management and principles of delegation. These professional attributes contribute to the professional work environment that transform nursing care and support positive patient outcomes.
answer
Core Concept-Leadership
question
- A systemic method of problem-solving. The process includes assessment, diagnosis, outcome identification, planning, implementation, and evaluation. It is a process that requires application of critical thinking and decision-making for the safe administration of nursing care.
answer
Core Concept-Nursing Process
question
- Demonstrated through commitment to the profession of nursing the patient in the public. The nurse promotes, advocates for, and strives to protect the health, safety and rights of the patient. The nurse compares his/her own practice to acceptable standards and engages in improvement of the healthcare environment.
answer
Core Concept-Professionalism
question
- Characterized by the application of competent, skilled nursing care. It is care based on critical thinking and decision-making and then the legal and ethical responsibilities of the nurse. Nursing care is safe, timely, effective, efficient, equitable, and patient-centered.
answer
Core Concept-Safety
question
- An individualized, systematic process to assess and present knowledge or develop a skill resulting in a change of behavior. The goal is to increase comprehension and participation in the self-management of health care needs. The nurse is responsible for assessing the patient's need for information, identifying knowledge deficits and then planning, implementing and evaluating a teaching plan.
answer
Core Concept- Teaching/Learning
question
- A non-negotiable standard that expresses nursing's commitment to society. - Includes the following provisions: (2015) - Respect for others - Commitment to the patient - Advocacy for the patient - Accountability and responsibility for practice - Duty to self and Duty to others - Contribution to healthcare environments - Advancement of the profession - Promotion of community and world health - Promotion of the nursing profession
answer
ANA: Nursing Code of Ethics
question
1. ASSESSMENT 2. DIAGNOSIS 3. OUTCOMES IDENTIFICATION 4. PLANNING 5. IMPLEMENTATION - 5a. Coordination of Care - 5b. Health Teaching & Health Promotion - 5c. Consultation - 5d. Prescriptive Authority & Treatment 6. EVALUTATION
answer
ANA: Standards of Nursing Practice
question
RN collects comprehensive data pertinent to the patient's health or the situation
answer
ANA Standard of Nursing Practice 1. Assessment
question
RN analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnosis or issues
answer
ANA Standard of Nursing Practice 2. Diagnosis
question
RN identifies expected outcomes for a plan individualized to the patient or the situation
answer
ANA Standard of Nursing Practice 3. Outcomes Identification
question
RN develops a plan that prescribe strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcomes
answer
ANA Standard of Nursing Practice 4. Planning
question
RN implements the identified plan - 5a. Coordination of Care - 5b. Health Teaching & Health Promotion - 5c. Consultation - 5d. Prescriptive Authority & Treatment
answer
ANA Standard of Nursing Practice 5. IMPLEMENTATION
question
RN coordinates care delivery
answer
ANA Standard of Nursing Practice 5. IMPLEMENTATION: 5a. Coordination of Care
question
RN employs strategies to promote health and a safe environment
answer
ANA Standard of Nursing Practice 5. IMPLEMENTATION: 5b. Health Teaching & Health Promotion
question
Advanced practice RN and the nursing role specialist provide consultation to influence the identified plan, enhance the ability of others, and effect change
answer
ANA Standard of Nursing Practice 5. IMPLEMENTATION: 5c. Consultation
question
Advanced practice RN uses prescriptive authority, procedures, referrals, treatments, and therapies in accordance with state and federal laws and regulations
answer
ANA Standard of Nursing Practice 5. IMPLEMENTATION: 5d. Prescriptive Authority & Treatment
question
RN evaluates progress toward attainment of outcomes
answer
ANA Standard of Nursing Practice 6. Evaluation
question
Quality of Practice Education Professional Practice Evaluation Collegiality Collaboration Ethics Research Resource Utilization Leadership
answer
ANA: Standards of Professional Performance
question
- Scope of practice depends on educational preparation, experience, and the nature of the population served -Entry level nurses (ADN or BSN) -- Generalists who provide direct care, collaborate and coordinate to manage care for individuals or groups (Lewis, 2011)
answer
ANA Scope of Nursing Practice
question
-Nursing practice is INDIVIDUALIZED -Nurses COORDINATE care by establishing partnerships -CARING is central to the practice of the registered nurse -Registered nurses use THE NURSING PROCESS to plan and provide individualized care to their healthcare
answer
Tenets Characterizing Nursing Practice
question
- A group of laws that are intended to protect and promote the health and well-being of Michigan's citizens - Includes the principles of a Nurse Practice Act
answer
Legal Regulation of Nursing in Michigan: Michigan Public Health Code (MPHC)
question
-Sets and maintains a high level of standards for all nurses through education, testing, licensing, certification, discipline and information -Grants licenses, disciplines, sets educational standards, reviews NCLEX items, grants specialty certifications, updates MPHC as needed
answer
Michigan Board of Nursing
question
- Is a health professional who is independently accountable for their own actions - Has the obligation to practice and delegate within the individual's current range of education, knowledge, skill and experience
answer
Registered Nurse Licensure (RN):
question
- A standardized exam that every nursing student in the United States must complete and pass in order to become a registered nurse and use the credentials RN after his or her name - Developed by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) -- Computer adaptive testing
answer
National Council Licensing Examination- RN (NCLEX)
question
- American Nurses Association (ANA) -National League for Nursing (NLN) - ACEN: Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing - Specialty Nursing Organizations
answer
Professional Nursing Organizations
question
- The PROFESSIONAL nursing organization
answer
American Nurses Association (ANA)
question
- The PREPROFESSIONAL nursing organization - Michigan Student Nurses Association (MNSA) --- Chapter of OCC
answer
National Student Nurses Association (NSNA)
question
- Organization focused on education in nursing
answer
National League for Nursing (NLN)
question
- Accredits schools of nursing such as OCC
answer
ACEN: Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing
question
- National Health Care Reform - Patient Safety - Evidence Based Practice -->Combination of: --->Best evidence available -(Research) -(Quality improvement initiatives) -(Standards) ---> Clinician expertise ---> Patient preferences & values
answer
Current Trends Influencing
