GI Kaplan A – Flashcards

How long have you had these symptoms? Have you ever had symptoms like this before Rationale: Most important information to obtain as client is describing symptoms is how long the symptoms have been present ( is this an acute or chronic situation) and have they ever had symptoms like this before (to possibly tie present problem with a previous diagnosis)

There are a number of cause or risk factors that have been identified They include chronic pancreatitis smoking, a high fat diet, and exposure to certain toxic chemicals Rationale: These are some of the factors identified as possible causes of pancreatic cancer; sometimes there are no risk factors present

Peptic ulcers are caused by a bacteria helicobacter pylori and therefore should be treated with antibiotics Rationale: Research has shown that, for a cure, the bacteria, Helicobacter pylori, must be treated; special diets do not treat the cause and resolve the problem

The client works as a plumber's assistant Rationale: Hepatitis A is transmitted by fecal oral route; as a plumber's assistant, the client is exposed to feces regularly and without meticulous hand hygiene, Hepatitis A is a possibility

one gram carb = 4 calories/ gram one gram fat = 9 calories/ gram and protein =4 calories/ gram carbs: 6+10+10=26 grams x 4 =104 calories fats: 5x 9=45 calories protein: 4+1.5 =5.5 grams x4 =22 calories 104+45 +22 =171 calories

Apple juice Rationale: Apple juice is not irritating to gastric mucosa

So you think your life is over Rationale: Open ended communication that is answered yes/no but allows the client to discuss these and other feelings by being asked "to tell me more"

Client has a deficit of vitamins A,D,E,K Rationale: Bile promotes fat absorption; cholelithiasis obstructing the common bile duct prevents bile from reaching the small intestines and emulsifying ingested fats; without fat absorption, fat soluble vitamins A,D, E,K are not absorbed

Proton pump inhibitor Rationale: Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor it is commonly used to treat GERD action of a proton pump inhibitor is to suppress gastric acid by binding to enzyme on gastric parietal cells in presence of gastric pH, thus, preventing the final transport of hydrogen ion into the gastric lumen

Vitamin K Rationale: vitamin K is metabolized in the liver and is necessary to activate blood clotting factors and stop bleeding

Adhesions Rationale: Adhesions occur as a result of abdominal surgery; signs and symptoms appear 3-4 days post operatively; they occur when loos of intestine adhere to areas that heal slowly or tend to scar following surgery

As a person gets older, the likelihood of developing pernicious anemia is greater. Your pernicious anemia will not go away it is a lifelong disease Rationale: As a person ages, there is a tendency for faulty absorption of vitamin B12; there is degeneration of the gastric mucosa which results in a loss of parietal cells which leads to decreased production of intrinsic factor; Significant reduction in the amount of intrinsic factor in the stomach leads to pernicious anemia; this is a chronic disease without cure; treatment is intramuscular injection of vitamin B12 oral digestion of this vitamin does not occur in the stomach without the presence of intrinsic factor

Salem sump tube Rationale: Salem sump tube is a double lumen tube; second lumen acts as air filter; does not attach itself to the wall of the stomach as a Levin tube does; because of air vent, can run on the "continuous" setting

I understand that pancreatitis is caused by ingestion of food containing nitrates Rationale: The statement indicates that further teaching is needed; pancreatitis is not caused by ingestion of food containing nitrates pancreatitis is primarily caused by biliary tract disorders or alcoholism; other causes include viral infection, peptic ulcer disease, and cysts

High fiber Rationale: increase stool volume and keeps colon transit time from being too slow or too fast