Chapter 7 – Part 2 – Benign Tumors vs. Malignant Tumors – Flashcards
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Benign Tumors
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Composed of well-differentiated cells resembling the cell of origin but have lost the ability to control cell proliferation
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Benign Tumors
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Characterized by slow, progressive rate of growth that may stop or regress
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Benign Tumors
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Grow by expansion and remain localized
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Benign Tumors
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Contain a fibrous capsule
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Benign Tumors
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Do not have the capacity to infiltrate, invade, or metastasize to distant sites
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Benign Tumors
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Usually named by adding the suffix "-oma" to the parenchymal tissue type from which the growth originated
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Adenoma
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Benign epithelial neoplasm
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Fibroma
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Benign fibrous tissue tumor
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Papilloma
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Benign microscopic or macroscopic fingerlike projections that grow on any surface
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Polyp
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Projections from a mucosal surface
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Adenomatous polyps
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Precursors to adenocarcinomas of the colon
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Malignant tumors
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Less differentiated and have lost the ability to control cell proliferation and differentiation
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Malignant tumors
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Evade apoptosis and margins are not clearly separated from normal surrounding tissue
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Malignant tumors
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Grow rapidly, invade and infiltrate nearby tissue and spread to other parts of the body
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Malignant tumors
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Metastasis may compress blood supply, causing ischemia and tissue injury
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Malignant tumors
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Lack a well defined capsule
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Cancer in situ
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Localized pre-invasive lesion
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Carcinoma
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Malignant tumor of epithelial origin
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Adenocarcinoma
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Malignant tumor of epithelial origin which originate from gland like structures
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Squamous cell carcinoma
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Malignant tumor of epithelial origin which originate from squamous cells
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Sarcoma
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Malignant tumor of mesenchymal origin
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Fibrosarcoma
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Malignant tumor of mesenchymal origin which originates from fibrous tissue
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Chondrosarcoma
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Malignant tumor of mesenchymal origin which originates from chondrocytes
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Solid tumors and hematologic cancers
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Two types of malignant neoplasms
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Solid tumors
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Initially confined to a specific tissue or organ
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Solid tumors
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As disease progresses, cells detach, invade surrounding tissue and enter the blood and lymph system to spread to other sites
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Disseminate
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When cells detach, invade surrounding tissue and enter the blood and lymph system to spread to other sites
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Hematologic cancers
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Involve cells normally found in the blood and lymph
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Hematologic cancers
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Are disseminated diseases from the beginning
