Medical Term: Chapter 9 – Immunology – Flashcards
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adenoid
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adenoids
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immun
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protection
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lymph
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lymph
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lymphaden
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lymph node
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lymphangi
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lymph vessel
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path
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disease
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phag
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eating
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splen
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spleen
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thym
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thymus
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tonsill
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tonsils
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cortic
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cortex
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cyt
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cortex
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system
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system
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AIDS-related complex (ARC)
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early stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in which mild symptoms of infection are present, including lymphadenopathy, fatigue, fever, night sweats, weight loss, and diarrhea
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acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
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later stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection when the cells of the immune system lose their ability to fight off infection; patients become unable to resist opportunistic infections such as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and Kaposi sarcoma
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allergist
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physician specializing in diagnosis and treatment of allergies
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allergy
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hypersensitivity to a common substance in environment (such as pollen), to food, or to medication
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anaphylactic shock
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life-threatening condition resulting from severe allergic reaction causing cardiovascular and respiratory problems; may be triggered by bee strings, medications, or certain foods; also called anaphylaxis
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antihistamine
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medication that blocks effects of histamine released by the body during allergic reactions
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antinuclear antibody titter (ANA)
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blood test that determines number of antibodies against cell nuclei present in bloodstream; elevated in autoimmune conditions
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autoimmune disease
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disease resulting from body's immune system attacking its own cells as if they were pathogens; examples include systemic lupus erythematosus and sarcoidosis
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corticosteroids
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hormones produced by adrenal cortex; used as medication to treat autoimmune diseases due to their very strong anti-inflammatory properties
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cytotoxic cells
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cells capable of physically attacking and killing pathogens or diseased cells
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elephantiasis
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results from blockage of lymphatic vessels that causes extreme tissue edema
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enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
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blood test for antibody to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) virus; positive result means the person has been exposed to virus
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hives
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common name for appearance of wheals during allergic reaction
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Hodgkin disease (HD)
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cancer of lymphatic cells found in lymph nodes; also called Hodgkin lymphoma
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immunodeficiency
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having an immune system that is unstable to respond properly to pathogens
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immunosuppressant
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medication to block certain actions of immune system; used to prevent rejection of transplanted organ
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inflammation
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tissue response to injury; characterized by redness, pain, swelling, and feeling hot to touch
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Kaposi sarcoma (KS)
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type of skin cancer often seen in patients with AIDS; consists of brownish-purple papules that begin in skin and spread to internal organs
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mononucleosis (mono)
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acute viral infection infection of lymphoid tissue with large number of abnormal white blood cells circulating in bloodstream
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non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)
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cancer of the lymphatic tissues other than Hodgkin lymphoma
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opportunistic infections
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infections seen in patients with compromised immune ststems
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Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)
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opportunistic infection common in immunodeficient persons; caused by fungus Pneuomocystis jirovecii
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sarcoidosis
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autoimmune disease with fibrous lesions forming in lymph nodes, liver, skin, lungs, spleen, eyes, and small bones of hands and feet
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scratch test
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type of allergy testing in which body is exposed to allergens through a light scratch in skin
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severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (SCIDS)
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genetic condition of children born with non-functioning immune system who often forced to live in sealed sterile rooms
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systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
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autoimmune disease in which immune system attacks connective tissue throughout body such as in joins and skin
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urticaria
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severe itching associated with hives, usually seen in allergic reactions to food, stress, or medications
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vaccination
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exposure to weakened pathogen to stimulate immune response and antibody production to give future protection against full-blown disease; also called immunization
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Western blot test
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blood test to detect various antibodies in bloodstream such as HIV antibodies; considered more precise than ELISA
