Med Term Chapter 9: Immunology – Flashcards
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adenoid/o
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adenoids
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immun/o
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protection
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lymph/o
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lymph
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lymphaden/o
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lymph node
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lymphangi/o
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lymphvessel
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path/o
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disease
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phag/o
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eating
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splen/o
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spleen
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thym/o
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thymus
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tonsill/o
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tonsils
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cortic/o
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cortex
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cyt/o
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cell
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system/o
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sytem
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-ectasis
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dilated
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-edema
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swelling
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-gen
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that which produces
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-genic
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producing
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-globulin
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protein
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-iasis
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abnormal condition
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-malacia
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softening
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-oid
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resembling
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-pexy
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surgical fixation
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-plasty
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surgical repair
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-rrhaphy
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suture
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AIDS-related complex
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early stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; mild symptoms of infection include lymphadenopathy, fatigue, fever, night sweats, weight loss, and diarrhea
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acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
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later stage of HIV infection; cells of immune system lose ability to fight infection; patients become unable to resist opportunistic infections such as Pneumocystis cairn pneumonia and Kaposi sarcoma
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allergist
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physician specializing in diagnosis and treatment of allergies
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allergy
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hypersensitivity to a common substance in environment (such as pollen), or to food, or medication
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anaphylactic shock
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life-threatening condition; severe allergic reaction causing cardiovascular and respiratory problems; may be triggered by bee stings, medications, or certain foods; also called anaphylaxis
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antihistamine
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medication that blocks effects of histamine released by body during allergic reactions
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antinuclear antibody titer (ANA)
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blood test; determines number of antibodies against cell nuclei presents in bloodstream; elevated in autoimmune conditions
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autoimmune disease
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disease resulting from body's immune system attacking its own cells as if they were pathogens; examples include systemic lupus erythematous and sarcoidosis
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corticosteroids
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hormone produced by adrenal cortex; used to treat autoimmune diseases due to very strong anti-inflammatory properties
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cytotoxic cells
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cells capable of physically attacking and killing pathogens or diseased cells
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elephantiasis
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results from blockage of lymphatic vessels; causes extreme tissue edema
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enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
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blood test for antibody to AIDS virus; positive result means person has been exposed to virus
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hives
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common name for appearance of wheals during allergic reaction
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Hodgkin disease (HD)
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cancer of lymphatic cells found in lymph nodes; also called Hodgkin lymphoma
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immunodeficiency
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having an immune system that is unable to respond properly to pathogens; also called immunocompromised
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immunosuppressant
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medication to block certain actions of immune system; used to prevent rejection of transplanted organ
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inflammation
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tissue response to injury; characterized by redness, pain, swelling, and felling hot to touch
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Kaposi sarcoma (KS)
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type of skin cancer often seen in patients with AIDS; consists of brownish-purple papules that begin in skin and spread to internal organs
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mononucleosis (mono)
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acute viral infection of lymphoid tissue with large number of abnormal white blood cells circulating in bloodstream
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non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)
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cancer of the lymphatic tissues other than Hodgkin lymphoma
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opportunistic infections
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infections seen in patients with compromised immune systems
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Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)
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opportunistic infection common in immunodeficient persons; caused by fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii
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sarcoidosis
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autoimmune disease with fibrous lesions forming in lymph nodes, liver, skin, lungs, spleen, eyes and small bones of hands and feet
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scratch test
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type of allergy testing; body is exposed to allergens through light scratch in skin
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severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (SCIDS)
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genetic condition of children born with nonfunctioning immune system; often forced to live in sealed sterile rooms
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systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
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autoimmune disease; immune system attacks connective tissue throughout body such as in joints and skin
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urticaria
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severe itching associated with hives, usually seen in allergic reactions to food, stress, or medications
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vaccination
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exposure to weakened pathogen; stimulates immune response and antibody production; gives future protection against full-blown disease; also called immunization
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Western blot test
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blood test to detect various antibodies in bloodstream such as HIV antibodies; considered more precise than ELISA
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Ig
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immunoglobulins (IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM)
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T & A
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tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
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immunology
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branch of medicine specializing in conditions of the lymphatic and immune systems
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lymph
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clear, transparent, colorless fluid found in the lymphatic vessels and the cistern chyli
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lymphatic vessels
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extensive network of vessels throughout the entire body; conduct lymph from the tissue toward the thoracic cavity
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lymph nodes
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small organs in the lymphatic system that filter bacteria and other foreign organisms from the body fluids
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tonsils
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the collections of lymphatic tissue located in the pharynx to combat microorganisms entering the body through the nose or mouth; includes the pharyngeal tonsils, the palatine tonsils, and the lingual tonsils
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thymus gland
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an endocrine located in the upper mediastinum that assists the body by secreting thymosin which is important for development of the immune system
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spleen
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organ in the lymphatic system that filters microorganisms and old red blood cells from the blood
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pathogen
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microscope organisms, such as bacteria, that are capable of causing disease
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pathologist
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a physician who specializes in evaluating specimens removed from living or dead patients
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lymphocyte
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white blood cell that provides protection through the immune response
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phagocyte
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white blood cells that have the ability to ingest and destroy bacteria
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immunoglobin (Ig)
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antibodies; assist in protecting the body and its surfaces from the invasion of bacteria
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lymphadenopathy
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disease of the lymph nodes
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lymphedema
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edema appearing in the extremities due to an obstruction the lymph flow through the lymphatic vessels
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acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
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later stage of HIV infection when the cells of the immune system lose their ability to fight off infection' patients become unable to resist opportunistic infections such as pneumocystis cairn pneumonia and chaps sarcoma
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opportunistic infections
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infectious diseases that are associated with AIDS since they occur as a result of the lowered immune system and resistance of the body to infections and parasites
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pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
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pneumonia with a nonproductive cough, very little fever, and dyspnea; most often seen in persons with weakened immune systems, such as patients with AIDS
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kaposi sarcoma (KS)
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form of skin cancer frequently seen in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients; consists of brownish-purple papules that spread from the skin and metastasize to internal organs
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systemic lupus erythematosus
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chronic autoimmune disease of the connective tissue that injures the skin, joints, kidneys, nervous system, and mucous membranes
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western blot test
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test used as a backup to the ELIZA blood test to detect the presence of the antibody to HIV (AIDS virus) in the blood
