6 Major Schools of Thought in Psychology: – Flashcards
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The 6 Schools of Thought in Psychology Are?
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1. Structuralism. 2. Functionalism. 3. Behaviorism. 4. Gestalt Psychology. 5. Cognitive Psychology. 6. Psychoanalysis.
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Structuralism
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First school created in a Germany lab by: Wilhelm Wundt. > Focused on breaking down mental processes into basic components(elements).
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Functionalism
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Heavily influenced by William James. > Concerned with the adaptive purpose or function of mind and behavior.
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Gestalt Psychology
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> Based upon the idea that we experience things as unified wholes. 'The whole is greater than the sum of its parts.'
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Behaviorism
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Based upon thinkers: John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov and B.F Skinner. > Suggests that all behavior can be explained by environmental causes rather than internal forces. (Observable behavior)
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Psychoanalysis
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Founded by: Sigmund Freud. > Emphasized the influence of the unconscious mind on behavior.
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Cognitive Psychology
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Influential theory: Stages of cognitive developing by Jean Piaget. > Studies mental processes: How people think, perceive, remember and learn. > Related to other disciplines such as: Neuroscience, philosophy and linguistics.
