5th Grade STAAR Math Vocabulary – Flashcards
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The symbol for subtraction. The symbol can also be used to indicate a negative number.
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−
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What the answer to a subtraction problem is called.
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difference
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Numbers that are easy to compute with mentally. Example: 9 + 4 + 16. Add 16 + 4 first, since 16 + 4 = 20. Then add 9. 20 + 9.
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compatible numbers
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Used to write numbers. Examples: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and so on.
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digits
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The place of a digit tells you the value, such as a whole number or decimal.
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value
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The common way of writing a number with commas separating groups of three digits starting from the right. Example: 456,759.
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standard form
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The way to write a number that shows the place value of each digit. Example: The expanded form of 456,759 is 400,000 + 50,000 + 6,000 + 700 + 50 + 9
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expanded form
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The written form of a number, without using digits. Example: The word form of 456,759 is four hundred thousand, fifty-six thousand, seven hundred fifty-nine.
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word form
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Name the same amount. 0.9 is equivalent to 0.900. Adding zeros to the end of a decimal does not change the value.
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equivalent decimals
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Replaces one number with another number that tells about how much or how many. Numbers are rounded to a multiple of 10, 100, 1,000, etc. Remember the rule: 5 or more raise the score; 5 or less let it rest.
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rounding
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Numbers that are multiplied to get a product. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 are factors of 12. 1 x 12 = 12. 2 x 6 = 12. 3 x 4 = 12.
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factors
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The answer to a multiplication problem; results from multiplying two or more factors.
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product
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The product of a given whole number and any other whole number. Example: 3, 6, 9, 12, etc. are multiples of 3. 3 x 1 = 3. 3 x 2 = 6. 3 x 3 = 9. 3 x 4 = 12.
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multiple
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An approximation rather than exact number; a rounded number.
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estimate
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The number to be divided; goes inside.
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dividend
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The number used to divide another number; goes outside.
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divisor
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The symbol for division.
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÷
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The answer to a division problem; goes on top.
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quotient
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A number left over after division is complete.
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remainder
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A number is divisible by another number if there is not remainder after dividing.
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divisible
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A number that is a factor of two or more given numbers.
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common factor
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A number that is a muliple of two or more numbers.
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common multiple
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A pair of numbers whose product equals a given number.
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factor pair
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The number below the fraction bar in a fraction. The denominator tells how many parts are in the whole.
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denominator
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A diagram that shows the prime factorization of a composite number.
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factor tree
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A symbol, such as ½, ¼, or ¾, used to describe one or more parts of a whole that is divided into equal parts.
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fraction
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The greatest number that is a factor of two or more given numbers.
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greatest common factor (GCF)
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A fraction whose numerator is greater than or equal to its denominator.
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improper fraction
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The leas common multiple of the denominators of two ore more fractions.
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least common denominator (LCD)
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The least number that is a common multiple of two or more numbers.
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least common multiple (LCM)
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A number that has a whole-number part and a fractional part. Example: 5½
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mixed number
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A fraction is which the greatest common factor of the numerator and denominator is one.
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simplest form
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information
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data
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small group used to represent larger group
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sample
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A table used to show the number of times something occurs.
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frequency table
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A graph using bars to show and compare data.
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bar graph
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Graph that connects points to show how data changes over time.
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line graph
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middle number in an ordered set. Example: 5, 5, 12, 14, 17. The median is 12.
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median
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Data value that occurs most often in a data set. Example: 5, 5, 12, 14, 17. The mode is 5.
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mode
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difference between largest value and smallest value in a data list.
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range
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A diagram used to organized outcomes of an experiment.
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tree diagram
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results of an experiment
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outcome
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A number that describes the chance an event will occur. The probability of an event is the ratio of favorable outcomes to the total number of possible outcomes.
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probability
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Having same chance of occuring.
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equally likely
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A statement about an event in the future.
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prediction
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an exact location
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point
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a straight path that extends without end in opposite directions
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line
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a flat surface that extends without end in all directions
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plane
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two endpoints and all the points between the endpoints
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line segment
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one endpoint and extends without end in one direction only
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ray
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formed by two rays with a common endpoint
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angle
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the common endpoint
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vertex
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an angle that measures less than 90 degrees
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acute angle
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an angle that measures exactly 90 degrees
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right angle
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an angle that measures more than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees
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obtuse angle
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an angle that measure exactly 180 degrees
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straight angle
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lines in the same plane that never intersect
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parallel lines
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lines that intersect to form right angles
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perpendicular lines
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a plane with four sides and four angles
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quadrilateral
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a quadrilateral where opposite sides are parallel and congruent
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parallelogram
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a parallelgram with four right angles
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rectangle
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a parallelogram with four congruent sides
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rhombus
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a rectangle with four congruent sides
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square
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a quadrilateral with exactly two parallel sides- it may have two right angles
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trapezoid
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a closed plane figure formed by three or more line segments
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polygon
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a polygon in which all sides are congruent an all angles are congruent
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regular polygon
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formed by horizontal and vertical lines and is used to locate points
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coordinate grid
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two numbers used to locate a point on a coordinate grid listed in a specific order (X,Y)
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ordered pair
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A whole number greater than 1 that has exactly two factors (1 and itself)
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prime number
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A whole number that has more than 2 factors.
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composite number
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the top number in a fraction
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numerator
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the greatest factor of two or more numbers
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greatest common factor (gcf)
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the product of two factors
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multiples
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fractions that name the same amount of part
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equivalent fractions
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the horizontal line of a graph
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x-axis
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the space between one number and the next
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interval
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vertical line on a graph
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y-axis
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a polygon wide six sides
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hexagon
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a polygon with five sides
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pentagon
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a regular soild having six congruent square faces
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cube
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a round, three-dimensional object
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sphere
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A solid figure that has triangles for its sides and a polygon as its base
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pyramid
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a solid figure with one circular base and one vertex
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cone
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The line segment where two faces of a solid figure meet.
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edge
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a flat surface of a solid figure
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face
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Having the same size and shape
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congruent
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any side of a polygon
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base
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a figure whose bases are circular , congruent and parallel to each other.
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cylinder
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a three-dimensional figure with two parallel and congruent polygonal faces, called bases. A prism is named for the shape of its base.
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prism
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The distance around a figure. To solve add all sides.
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perimeter
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A transformation that "slides" each point of a figure the same distance in the same direction.
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translation
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a transformation in which a figure "turns" around a point
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rotation
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the number of square units needed to cover a space; length x width
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area
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The moving of a figure by a translation (slide), rotation (turn) or reflection (flip).
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transformation
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amount of space an object takes up; length x width x height
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volume
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sum
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add
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difference
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subtract
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product
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multiply
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quotient
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divide
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get smaller
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decrease
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get bigger
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increase
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divide
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groups of
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rounding
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about
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rounding
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estimate
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divide
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equal amounts
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subtract
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more than
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flip
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reflection
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most
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greatest
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smallest
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least
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Polygon with 8 sides and 8 angles
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octagon
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