21 most famous supreme court cases – Flashcards
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Marbury v. Madison
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Established the Supreme Court's power of judicial review over Congress
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McCulloch v. Maryland
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Established the federal government's implied powers over the states
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Dred Scott v. Sandford
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Denied citizenship to African American slaves.
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Plessy v. Ferguson
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Upheld "separate but equal" segregation laws in states.
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Korematsu v. United States
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Upheld internment of Japanese Americans during World War II.
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Brown v. Board of Education
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Separating black and white students in public schools is unconstitutional
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Gideon v. Wainwright
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Criminal defendants have a right to an attorney even if they cannot afford one.
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New York Times v. Sullivan
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Lawsuits based on libel or defamation must show intent or recklessness.
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Miranda v. Arizona
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Prisoners must be advised of their rights before being questioned by police.
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Loving v. Virginia
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Invalidated state laws prohibiting interracial marriage.
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Roe v. Wade
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Women have a constitutional right to an abortion during the first two trimesters.
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United States v. Nixon
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President cannot use executive privilege to withhold evidence from criminal trial
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Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
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Upheld use of race as one of many factors in college admissions
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Bush v. Gore
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No recount of the 2000 presidential election was feasible in a reasonable time period
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Lawrence v. Texas
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Struck down state laws that prohibited sodomy between consenting adults.
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District of Columbia v. Heller
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Citizens have a right to possess firearms at home for self-defense
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Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission
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Corporations and unions can spend unlimited amounts in elections.
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National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius
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Upheld the mandate that most Americans have health insurance.
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Shelby County v. Holder
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States and localities do not need federal approval to change voting laws.
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United States v. Windsor
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Federal government must provide benefits to legally married same-sex couples.
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Obergefell v. Hodges
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Same-sex marriage is legalized across all 50 states.
