1984 Study Guide – Flashcards
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The novel begins (date)
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1984
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The novel begins (place)
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Oceania
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The official language of Oceania
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Newspeak
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the captions of the posters in Winston's building
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Big Brother is Watching You
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what the government uses to watch people, receives and transmits
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telescreen
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the Party's three slogans
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War is Peace, Freedom is Slavery, Ignorance is Strength
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name of the 4 ministries of government
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truth, love, peace, plenty
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purpose of the Two Minutes of Hate
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Hatred of Goldstein, thankful for Big Brother
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any thought thats not controlled by government
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thoughtcrime
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penalty for thoughtcrime
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thought police will erase all evidence that you ever existed
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form of address that replaced Mrs
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Comrade
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the game the Parson's children are playing
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pretending to be thought police and kill someone
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the crime the children accuse Winston of
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thoughtcrime, traitor and spy
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the popular event took place in the afternoon
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hanging of the Eurasian prisoners
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kid who rats out their parents to the thought police
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child hero
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the person who speaks in Winston's dream
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O'Brien
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what O'Brien tells Winston
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that they should meet in the place where there is no darkness
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the bad news delivered by the telescreen
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universal chocolate ration was being reduced
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who Winston addresses his diary to
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the future or pastWinston
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why Winston washes his hands before returning to work
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he doesn't want people to know he is writing in a diary
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how old Winston was when his mother disappeared
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ten or eleven
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the only thing Winston remembers about his father
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the thin soles of his shoes
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what Winston thinks has happened to his parents
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that they were swallowed up in one of the first great purges in the 50's
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where Winston's mother and sister are in his dream
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in some underground place, the bottom of a well, or a very deep grave
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the person who appears in Winston's second dream
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the worker with dark hair
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what Winston is muttering as he wakes up
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Shakespeare
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the city that used to be called England
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Airstrip One
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Who Oceania is at war with
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Eurasia
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the party slogan
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"Who controls the past controls the future and who controls the present controls the past"
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totalitarian government
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Ingsoc
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official phrase for altering records
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rectify
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the primary job of the MInistry of Truth
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correct history to match what the government wants people to believe
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type of pornography
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pornosec
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Winston's greatest pleasure in life
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Winston's work
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a person that Winston invented and made up
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Comrade Oglivy
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Syme's current project at the Records Department
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making the 11th edition of the Newspeak dictionary
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the aim of Newspeak, according to Syme
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to destroy language, to narrow the thoughts that people could have
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what Syme predicts will occur by 2050
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the dictionary wont have any words that will be obsolete
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why Winston believes Syme will disappear one day
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because he is too smart
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who Winston believes is following him
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the dark-haired girl
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What does Winston believe is the most deadly danger of all
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talking in your sleep
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What is the unforgivable crime
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Sex between Party members
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What is the only recognized purpose of marriage
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Beget children for the service of the Party
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Why did Winston call Katharine the "human soundtrack"
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Her thoughts were all thoughts that the party fed her, she never had an original thought in her mind.
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Why does Winston believe a real love affair would be almost unthinkable
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The women of the Party were all alike and he did not like that
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What percent of Oceania's population is comprised of proles
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85%
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What does Winston copy into his diary
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An entry from a history textbook
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What is Winston's proof that the confessions of Jones, Aaronson, and Rutherford were lies
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There's a photograph which shows the three members of the Party in New York when they were supposed to be in Eurasia committing treason
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What happened to Winston's proof
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He was so scared he destroyed it, but he will never forget the image or the Party's dishonesty
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To whom is Winston writing the diary
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To the past or to the future
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What is "ownlife"?
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it means "individualism and eccentricity"
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Why does Winston want to talk to a prole?
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He tries to figure out that, in the days before the Party, whether or not people were happier
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What's a "lackey"?
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A lackey is what the proles call the outer Party members. It is like calling them henchman.
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Why is Winston disappointed with the old prole?
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The prole didn't have the critical thinking skills necessary to answer Winston's question of how life was like before the revolution, so he was upset.
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Why is Winston afraid to enter the junk shop?
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That's where he bought the diary and he didn't want the Thought Police to be suspicious of him.
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What did Winston think of the room above the junk shop?
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It made him nostalgic about the past, as if he knew a life where a room like this existed
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Who did he see outside the shop?
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The dark haired girl
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What does he think about as a solution to his problem?
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He should hit her with a cobblestone or a paper weight in his pocket, then he goes home and thinks he should commit suicide before the Party catches him, they will torture him before they kill him
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What does Winston think "the place where there is no darkness" is?
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He thinks it's the imagined future
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How much time has passed since Winston spotted the girl from the Fiction Department outside the junk shop?
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4 days
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What conflicting emotions does Winston feel before helping the girl?
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His instinct was to help her but since he thought she was going to kill him he didn't want to. He ends up helping her.
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Give the possible sources of the note.
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"So far he could see there were two possibilities. One, much more likely, was that the girl was an agent of the Thought Police, just as he feared.....But there was another, wilder possibility that kept raising his head..This was, that the message did not come from the Thought Police at all, but from some kind of underground organization. Perhaps the Brotherhood existed after all!"
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Give the message on the note.
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"I love you"
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Tell why Winston no longer believes the girl is an enemy.
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"The unmistakable agitation when she handed him the note" (109) so the feelings she showed when she handed him the note? which is sort of defying the party? Kinda. She was scared of being caught by the Party and she shows her fear when she hands him the note.
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Where do Winston and the girl plan to meet?
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Victory Square, they can hide from the telescreens in the crowd
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Tell what Winston and the girl witness in the square
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A group of Eurasion prisoners be tortured by a crowd of people
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When and where will the couple meet again?
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"Paddington Station........(read the quote, she gives him a lot of directions which I'm not typing out)" (115) -a train from Paddington Station to the countryside
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What emotion prevails when Party members see foreigners?
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They act as if foreigners are a kind of strange animals
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What does the girl do right before she leaves?
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She manages to hold his hand briefly
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Tell why a person is no safer in the countryside than in London.
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There might be microphones hidden in the bushes
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What does Winston confess?
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He hated the sight of her
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What is Winston's immediate feeling as he holds Julia in his arms?
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He felt nothing.
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What is Winston's idea of a love offering?
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"It was even a sort of love offering to start off by telling the worst." (120)
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What is the emblem of the Junior Anti-Sex League?
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Scarlet sash
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Where did Julia obtain the chocolate?
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Black market
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What has attracted Julia to Winston?
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"It was something in your face. I thought I'd take a chance. I'm good at spotting people who don't belong. As soon as I saw you, I knew you were against them." (122), she likes the fact Winston is against the party
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Why is Winston shocked at the coarseness of Julia's language?
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Party members weren't supposed to swear and even he didn't really swear.
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What is Julia's feeling about her many other lovers?
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Ok so I'm not sure about this but it seems like she doesn't really have any feelings for the others...seems like she just did it for sex...
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What is the one act of rebellion that could ruin the Party?
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We aren't sure but we think it's the fact that Winston and Julia have feelings that aren't just hate/fear, evidence can be found in the last paragraph on page
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Tell why Winston does not need to know Julia's surname or address.
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It doesn't matter because they could never meet indoors or exchange any type of written communication or else the thought police will get them.
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What does Julia mean by "talking in installments"?
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They would talk, then they may have to stop talking in the middle of a sentence, then next time they would just finish that sentence.
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How does Julia spend much of her free time?
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She went to demonstrations/ lectures for the Junior Anti-Sex League and she handed out pamphlets
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What does Julia do at the Fiction Department?
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Works with the novel writing machine
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What special job was Julia selected for at work?
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She worked in with pornosec (defined in another questions above, look for it)
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What is Julia's only interest in Party doctrine?
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She is only interested in it when the doctrine touches upon her own life
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Give Julia's opinion of revolt against the Party.
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She is not interested in a full rebellion, she just likes to outwit the party and enjoy herself
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What is Julia's reaction when Winston tells her the details of his loveless marriage?
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It seems as if she already knows what he's going to say (132), therefore she is not surprised.
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According to Julia, what does sexual privation produce?
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It produces hysteria
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What does Julia believe will help Winston and her to construct a secret world in which they can live?
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"It was somehow possible to construct a secret world in which you could live as you chose. All you needed was luck and cunning and boldness, She did not understand that there was no such thing as happiness, that the only victory lay in the far future, long after you were dead, from the moment of declaring war on the Party it was better to think of yourself as a corpse."
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What does Winston's heart keep saying about the affair?
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"Folly, folly, his heart kept saying: conscious, gratuitos, suicidal folly"
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What does Winston see and hear under the window?
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A burly, red-armed woman sings a song and hangs up her laundry
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What is Winston thinking of as he awaits Julia?
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He wishes they could lead a leisurely romantic life, like an old married couple
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What has Julia brought?
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Sugar, bread and coffee
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What does Winston see when he faces Julia?
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He sees she is paler than usual
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Why does Julia throw a shoe into the corner?
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Winston sees a rat
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What is Winston's reaction when Julia describes the rat?
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He gets really scared
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What is Winston's opinion of the paperweight?
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It is a link to the past
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According to Winston, who might know the missing line to the nursery rhyme?
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He thinks maybe Mr.Charrington can remember some.
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What has the paperweight come to symbolize for Winston?
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He imagines living inside of it with Julia in an eternal stasis
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Who vanishes?
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Syme
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How is Winston preparing for Hate Week at work?
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He is embellishing news articles from Times so it can go into speeches
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Who organizes the squads of volunteers?
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Parsons
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What is pictured on the new poster appearing all over London?
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No words but the monstrous figure of a Eurasian soldier
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What causes the proles to feel increasingly patriotic?
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They sing the "Hate Song" (148) Not sure but I know the answer has to be on page 149, it says that the proles become increasingly patriotic but it doesn't say why?
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How does Winston regard the room over Charrington's shop?
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He thought the room was a paradise (150)
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What does Julia take for granted?
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"She took it for granted that everyone, or nearly everyone, secretly hated the Party and would break the rules if he thought it safe to do so."
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What does Julia believe about the stories of Goldstein and the underground?
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"She refused to believe that widespread, organized opposition existed or could exist. The tales about Goldstein and his underground army, she said, were simply a lot of rubbish which the Party had invented for its own purposes and which you had to pretend to believe in."
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What is Julia's impulse during the Two Minutes Hate?
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To laugh
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What is Julia's interest in the next generation?
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she doesn't care about the next generation
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In a corridor at the ministry of truth
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Where is Winston when O'Brien approaches him?
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How does O'Brien compliment Winston?
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he says that winston writes newspeak elegantly
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Why does O'Brien refer to Syme only indirectly?
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because Syme was vaporized so he technically never existed
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How does O'Brien turn Winston into his accomplice?
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by hinting about syme which leads Winston to believe that they share the same thoughts against the party
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What does O'Brien think is an ingenious development in the tenth edition of the Newspeak dictionary?
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the reduction of the number of verbs
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What is O'Brien willing to lend Winston?
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"the new edition of newspeak dictionary"
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What happens to the paper with the address?
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winston puts it in the memory hole after memorizing it
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What prevents Winston from finding out O'Brien's address on his own?
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there are no directories
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What is the one thing of which Winston is now certain?
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he will be vaporized
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What feeling does Winston experience as he talks with O'Brien?
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chilly shuddering
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What do the arm gestures made by Winston's mother in the dreams have in common with one another?
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Winston's mom uses her arm to protect Winston just like a Jewish woman did in a news
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What does Winston remember in his dream?
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He remembers his mother and he thinks he has murdered her.
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What does Winston believe the proles have retained, but Party members have lost?
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He thinks the proles are still human, but the Party members are forced to suppress their feelings to the point where they are inhuman.
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How did Winston spend many of his childhood afternoons?
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Winston, his mother and his baby sister spent most of their time in underground shelters hiding from air raids, usually going without food
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How did Winston's mother react to her husband's disappearance?
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She had no emotion what so ever
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What did Winston do with his sister's portion of the chocolate ration?
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He ate it.
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What did Winston find when he returned home?
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He found the room exactly as it was except his mom and sister weren't there
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What is a Reclamation Center?
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Colonies for homeless children
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In Winston's mind, what would prove he had betrayed Julia?
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If he stops loving Julia
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According to Julia, what is the one thing the Party cannot do?
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They can't make you believe anything that they make you say. They can't get inside of you.
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What does Winston fear as he travels to O'Brien's apartment?
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"...He was haunted at every step by the fear that a black-uniformed guard would suddenly appear from round the corner demand his papers, and order him to get out"
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What is the only evidence that suggests O'Brien is a political conspirator?
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"Nothing but a flash of the eyes and a single equivocal remark."
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Why can Winston not use the excuse that he had come for the dictionary?
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Because then Julia's presence isn't explainable
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What privilege is reserved for Party members?
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They can turn off the telescreen
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To whom does the group drink a toast?
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Emmanuel Goldstein
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According to O'Brien, what is the most Winston will ever know about the Brotherhood?
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That the brotherhood exists and that Winston is apart of it
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What is Winston prepared to do for the Brotherhood?
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to give his life, to commit murder, cause the deaths of hundred of innocent people, betray country to foreign powers, cheat, forge, blackmail, corrupt minds of children, distribute habit-forming drugs, encourage prostitution, disseminate venereal diseases, throw acid in child's face, lose identity and live out life as a waiter or a dock worker, commit suicide
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Why will the Brotherhood never be destroyed?
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Because each member of the brotherhood knows only a couple other people from the brotherhood so they can never betray more than 3 or 4 people
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What is in the book that O'Brien plans to send to Winston?
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pg 177 Goldstein's book (The book of the brotherhood)
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Where will O'Brien and Winston meet again?
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"In the place where there is no darkness"
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With what power is Oceania now at war?
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"Oceania was at war with Eastasia. Eurasia was an ally"
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What has Winston been doing for the past six days at the Ministry of Truth?
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Changing past articles and what not to change it to say Oceania was at war with Eastasia and has always been at war with them, not eurasia.
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What is the title of Goldstein's book?
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The Theory and Practice of Oligarchical Collectivism
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What are Goldstein's three classes?
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the high, the middle and the low
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What does Goldstein's book claim is the primary aim of modern warfare?
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"the primary aim of modern warfare... is to use up the products of the machine without raising the general standard of living"
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What is the only possible basis of a hierarchical society?
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"but it was also clear that an all around increase in wealth threatened the destruction of a hierarchical society"
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What are the two aims of the Party?
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..."to conquer the whole surface of the earth and to extinguish once and for all the possibility of independent thought"
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What happens to the most gifted proles?
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they get vaporized
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Why must the past be altered?
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so that the Party is never wrong and so that they can control the future.
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Define doublethink.
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"doublethink, this aim is simultaneously recognized and not recognized by the directing brains of the inner party"
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What is the only way that the secret of the love affair would be passed on?
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only by word of mouth
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What occurs to Winston as he thinks of all people?
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that they are all the same
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What does Winston conclude is Goldstein's final message?
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"The future belonged to the proles"
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According to Winston, what kind of world would the proles create?
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"..a world of sanity Where there is equality there can be sanity"
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What makes Winston believe that proles are immortal?
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"the proles were immortal; you could not doubt it when you looked doubt it when you looked at that valiant figure in the yard"
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How does Winston think he and Julia can share in the future?
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no babies but will pass obrians messages
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What is behind the picture on the wall?
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a telescreen to spy on people in the room who thought they were secret
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What follows the voice?
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"solid men in black uniforms, with iron-shod boots on their feet and truncheons in their hands"
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What happens to Winston's paperweight?
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"someone had picked up the glass paperweight from the table and smashed it to pieces on the hearthstone"
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What occurs to Winston as he looks at Charrington?
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He was part of the thought police
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Where does Winston presume he is when he awakens?
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The Ministry of Love
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What difference does Winston observe between Party prisoners and ordinary criminals?
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"the party prisoners were always silent and terrified, but the ordinary criminals seemed to care nothing for anybody. they yelled insults at the guards, fought back fiercely when their belongings were impounded, wrote obscene words on the floor, ate smuggled food which they produced from mysterious hiding places in their clothes, and even shouted down the telescreen when it tried to restore order."
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Who does all the dirty jobs in the prisons?
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the Party prisoners
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Why does Winston think of O'Brien with hope?
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"it was the place with no darkness"
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What is the "place with no darkness"?
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"in the ministry of love there were no windows"
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Why has Ampleforth been arrested?
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"we were producing a definitive edition of the poems of kipling.I allowed the word 'God' to remain at the end of a line."
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Who has denounced Parsons?
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his daughter
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What crime has Parsons committed?
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Thoughtcrime
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What does the chinless man offer the skull-faced man?
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"a grimy piece of bread"
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Who is Winston's surprise visitor?
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"O'Brien"
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What does Winston realize about his continuous beatings?
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It was a routine interrogation to which nearly all prisoners were subject
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What is the aim of the Party torturers?
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...
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What becomes Winston's only concern?
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"his sole concern was to find out what they wanted to confess, and confess it quickly"
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Who is in charge of Winston's torture?
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O'Brien
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What does O'Brien think is wrong with Winston?
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"You are mentally deranged. You suffer from a defective memory. You are unable to remember real events, and you persuade yourself that you remember other events which never happened."
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What does O'Brien throw down the memory hole?
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The picture that Winston has as evidence that the 3 people are actually innocent.
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What happens whenever Winston insists that O'Brien is holding up four fingers?
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He gets shocked by the machine
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What was the Party's purpose in bringing Winston to the Ministry of Love?
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"To cure you! To make you sane! Will you understand Winston, that no one whom we bring to this place ever leaves our hands uncured?"
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What does O'Brien predict will happen after Winston's death?
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everyone will forget he ever existed
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According to O'Brien, what is the information Winston will never know?
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He will never know about the existence of the Brotherhood and Big Brother.
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Give the three stages of Winston's reintegration.
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"There is learning, there is understanding, and there is acceptance."
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What is O'Brien's opinion of Goldstein's book?
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"It is all nonsense"
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Why does the Party seek power?
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"The party seeks power entirely for its own sake. We are not interested in the good of others; we are interested solely in power"
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What power is most important?
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"The object of power is power" (263) "power is collective" (264)
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Where does O'Brien believe reality exists?
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"power over matter-external reality, as you would call it-is not important. Already our control over matter is absolute"
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How does the Party exert its power over humans?
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"by making him suffer"
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What is the foundation of the Party's world?
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The foundation of the party's world is hatred. They are founded upon hatred
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What does Winston see when O'Brien forces him to look into the mirror?
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"a bowed, gray colored skeleton like thing was coming toward him."
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What is the only degradation that has not yet happened to Winston?
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"I have not betrayed Julia"
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What is the only certainty in Winston's life?
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"everything is cured sooner or later. in the end we shall shoot you"
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What does Winston write on his slate?
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"Freedom is slavery" "Two and two make five" "God is Power"
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What does Winston think of his few remaining contrary flashbacks?
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"those were false memories, products of self-deception"
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Define "crimestop."
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"The mind should develop a blind spot whenever a dangerous thought presented itself. The process should be automatic, instinctive."
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What is Winston's hallucination?
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"for a moment he had an overwhelming hallucination of her presence. She had seemed to be not merely with him, but inside him. It was as though she had got into the texture of his skin. In that moment he loved her far more than he had ever done when they were together and free. Also he knew that somewhere or other she was still alive and needed his help"(280)
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What is Winston's immediate reaction after he cries out for Julia?
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regret "what had he done? how many years had he added to his servitude by that moment of weakness"
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How must Winston change his feelings toward Big Brother before he can be released?
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"You must love Big Brother. It is not enough to obey him; you must love him"
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Where does Winston's final torture occur?
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"Room 101"
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What is the worst thing in the world for Winston?
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"rats"
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What does Winston believe is the only way to save himself from his torture?
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"But he had suddenly understood that in the whole world there was just one person to whom he could transfer his punishment-one body that he could thrust between himself and the rats"
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Who is the only person to whom Winston can transfer his punishment?
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Julia
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What is Winston's new hangout?
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The Chestnut Tree Cafe (not the chestnut tree lol)
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What news is Winston awaiting?
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An important announcement from the part at 15:30
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What is Winston's usual routine?
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"Then, seeing that Winston's glass was empty, he brought the gin bottle and filled it....They knew his habits. The chessboard was always waiting for him, the corner table was always reserved"
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What does Julia's body remind Winston of when they unexpectedly meet?
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A corpse that he dragged out of some ruins
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What do Winston and Julia admit to each other?
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They betrayed each other
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Why doesn't Winston follow Julia through the streets?
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Because he doesn't really feel the need to now that he doesn't like her.
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What is Winston's latest false memory?
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it was his mother sitting opposite him laughing, he was hungry and whining and begging and his mom said that if he's good she'll go to the general store and buy him a toy. So she did and at first he was disappointed but they started playing and he got really happy
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What is the telescreen's announcement?
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pg 296-297 Big Brother got control of Africa
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Whose picture hangs in the cafe?
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Big Brother
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Whom does Winston now love?
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"He loved Big Brother"
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In the does 1984 portray human nature in a positive or negative light?
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Negative- party teaches hate, no love, and only violence
