14.1 Human Chromosomes Worksheet – Flashcards
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The complete set of genetic information an organism carries in its DNA is its
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genome
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From what is a karyotype made?
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A photograph of cells in mitosis
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How many chromosomes are in a normal human karyotype?
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46
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Which of the following genetic abbreviations denotes a male human?
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46, XY
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Why is the ration of male to female births roughly 50:50?
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Half of all sperm cells carry a Y chromosome
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How are the X and Y chromosomes different?
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The Y carries fewer genes than the X
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All human cells carry
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at least one X chromosome
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Is a cat with three colors of spots more likely to be male or female?
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female
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How does the cell "adjust" to the extra X chromosome in female cells?
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It is randomly shut off, forming a Barr body
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What is a Barr body?
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A dense structure in the female nuclei that contains a condensed, inactive X chromosome
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Why don't males have Barr bodies?
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They don't have an inactive X chromosome
