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Real Persuasive essay – minimum wage – Flashcards 18 terms

Alice Rees

18 terms

Preview

Real Persuasive essay – minimum wage – Flashcards

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Let's talk about money, or lack thereof. When you grow up, are you going to want to have nice shoes or go on a nice trip every once and awhile? If you are working a minimum wage job, don't expect that to happen.

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he federal minimum wage is $7.25. Minimum wage is the lowest amount per hour that companies can legally pay their employees.

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State governments are allowed to have their own minimum wage. In Ohio, it is $8.15 per hour. On January 1, 2017, 21 states, including Ohio, raised their minimum wage rate. Arizona showed the largest increase of nearly 25%. They jumped to $10 from $8.05!

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I believe that the minimum wage for Ohio is still too low and it should be raised to $10. I have worked at jobs that paid minimum wage. If you expect to get everything paid off and have money to spare, you are mistaken.

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A single parent who works full time year round at the current federal minimum wage only earns $15,080 per year before taxes. The federal poverty line is $15,930 per year for a two person household.

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If you make below this amount you are considered to live in poverty and may qualify for government assistance. Public welfare may give you $200 to $400 per week.

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To increase your income on your own, you could work multiple jobs. But then you might not get to see your family as much, or raise your child yourself. It is hard to afford a babysitter. The minimum wage increase would help parents be with their kids.

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A $10.10 minimum wage would help the 900,000 people making minimum wage out of getting public assistance. The government could give money to fewer people to each week or use the money for other programs.

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The current minimum wage isn't high enough for people to buy everyday essentials. During a 2013 poll from Oxfam, 66% of US workers earning less than $10 an hour report that they "just meet" or "don't even have enough to meet" their basic living expenses. 50% of those people said that they were worried about being able to afford everything they needed.

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The $7.25 minimum wage represents less than half of a living wage for a single adult. This adult would have to work 93 hours per week to live above the poverty line. However this increase of wage could entice companies to outsource jobs to countries where it would be cheaper. It's better to keep jobs here because it would be helping our economy.

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Raising the minimum wage will also increase economic activity. The Economic Policy Institute stated that a minimum wage increase from the current rate of $7.25 an hour to $10.10 would inject $22.1 billion into the economy and create about 85,000 new jobs over a three-year phase-in period

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Some critics argue that raising the minimum wage would result in job losses. However when the economy is better people have more disposable income, spend more, and the businesses benefit from this.

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A higher minimum wage would reduce government welfare spending. If low-income workers earned more money, their dependence on, and eligibility for, government benefits would decrease.

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The Center for American Progress reported in 2014 that raising the federal minimum wage by 6% to $10.10 would reduce spending on the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program by 6% or $4.6 billion.

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Also, the Economic Policy Institute determined that by increasing the minimum wage to $10.10, more than 1.7 million Americans would no longer be dependent on government assistance programs.

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They report the increase would shave $7.6 billion off annual government spending on income-support programs. This excess $7.6 billion could later be used for other government spending.

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I think that the minimum wage should be raised so everyone can buy everyday needs, to increase economic activity, and to reduce government welfare spending. Contact your state and federal legislatures and tell them to vote for an increase! We need to do this for ourselves, our family, and future Americans.

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Total - 1250 tax - (10 Percent) - 125 Housing - 500 Food - 350 Car - 150 Phone - 50 Clothes - 50 25 left- havent put any money in savings or entertainment or in case of emergency

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Comparison And Contrast Etymology Giant Leap For Mankind Linguistics Low Uncertainty Avoidance One Giant Leap For Mankind Oral Communication

Speech Communication Jud Davis Final – Flashcards 140 terms

Richard Molina

140 terms

Preview

Speech Communication Jud Davis Final – Flashcards

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Ashley says, "The porch light was shining like the North Star." This is an example of _______. A. a simile B. parallel language C. connotative language D. a metaphor

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Which of these statements accurately reflects stereotypes? A. Stereotypes are usually not harmful. B. Stereotypes are always negative. C. Stereotypes are generalizations based on ideas about a group, not specific aspects of an individual. D. Stereotypes are negative actions towards others.

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To improve perception, we should _______. A. keep your perceptions to yourself B. realize that we'll be stuck with the same perception for a while C. trust first impressions D. seek out more information

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If Yolanda was upset because she was unable to get a hamburger and French fries for lunch one day during her study abroad to Guatemala, her attitude would be demonstrating _______. A. ethnocentrism B. anxiety C. assuming similarity D. stereotyping

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A paraphrase is _______. A. a repetition of what a person said B. a guess of what you think a person wants you to say C. your effort to find out the reasons behind what someone is saying D. your understanding of what a person meant

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Jared wants to be a professional singer/songwriter. He performs at open-mike nights, competes in karaoke competitions, and spends the majority of his free time writing and rehearsing. Jared is responding to his ______. A. self-talk B. self-esteem C. self-perception D. ideal self-concept

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"A compound sentence has two independent clauses," is an example of ______. A. phonology B. dialect C. syntax D. lexicon

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Which of these is an example of a vocalized pause? A. Theresa says "um" when she cannot think of the word she means. B. Chuck speaks more rapidly when he is nervous. C. Bonita speaks louder to emphasize an important point. D. John lowers the tone of pitch of his voice to sound more serious.

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Which of these is an example of a symbol used in communication? A. a word B. silence C. a hand gesture D. all of these are examples of symbols

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During the evaluation stage of listening you _______. A. ask questions B. separate fact from inference C. engage in empathy D. take notes

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How does culture affect interpersonal communication? A. Culture affects whether or not we engage in encoding and decoding. B. Culture affects how competent we are at interpersonal communication. C. Interpersonal communication is not really affected by culture. D. Culture affects how we perceive symbols.

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When you are really interested in another person or in his or her ideas, your eye contact with that person is likely to ______. A. increase B. be unpredictable C. decrease D. remain the same

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If someone comments that a speaker has a "nasally" voice, they are commenting on the speaker's ______. A. intonation B. pitch C. quality (timbre) D. rate

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Tia says, "Ew! Lizards are so gross and scary." Aimee disagrees, "No way! They're awesome pets and so sweet." Tia and Aimee are disagreeing about the _______ meaning of the word "lizard." A. metaphoric B. concrete C. denotative D. connotative

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According to the text, our "evaluation of competence and worthiness" defines _______. A. self-attribution B. self-concept C. self-esteem D. self-consideration

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When Elizabeth moved from New York to Savannah, Georgia, she had a hard time adjusting to the slower pace, to people opening doors for her, and to people calling her ma'am. She felt that what others intended as friendly gestures invaded her personal space. Elizabeth experienced _______. A. culture shock B. high uncertainty avoidance C. low power distance D. low context

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A competent communicator knows how and when to vary their voice so as not to violate _______. A. territorial space B. volume space C. acoustic space D. personal space

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United States tends to be monochronically oriented. In this culture _______. A. individuals arrive when it is convenient for them B. individuals do not wear watches C. individuals expect an apology or explanation when someone is late D. individuals can be engaged in many activities at one time

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The process of putting our thoughts and feelings into words and nonverbal cues is called _______. A. semantics B. encoding C. decoding D. feedback

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Intercultural communication _______. A. refers to the psychological discomfort you may feel when you interact with people from different cultures B. refers to an exchange between members of different cultures C. refers to interactions that occur between people whose cultures are so different that the communication between them is altered D. hurts local cultures

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Diana takes a work phone call while she's in the car. She tries to pay attention to the call, but she also has to focus on traffic and driving. What kind of context is affecting Diana's communication? A. cultural context B. physical context C. historical context D. social context

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Thinking "a person who is very careful about spending money" when someone describes a person as "thrifty" represents a process called _______. A. semantics B. feedback C. communicating D. encoding E. decoding

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A person who focuses on the emotions of the speaker is a _______. A. time-oriented listener B. content-oriented listener C. people-oriented listener D. action-oriented listener

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If you can't pay attention because a song lyric is stuck in your head, you are experiencing _______. A. semantic noise B. physiological noise C. internal noise D. message filtering

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Because Dawson is a muscular, attractive male, Emily perceives him as being popular, an average student, and a superb athlete. This best exemplifies the idea of _______. A. self-esteem B. implicit personality theories C. attributions D. stereotyping

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A dialect is ______. A. a collection of words and expressions B. a sound used to pronounce words C. a unique form of a more general language D. a set of rules for combining words to form sentences

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If, in a communication setting, the receiver is expected to understand the message based on the time, place, and way the message is delivered, the speaker is probably from a ______. A. monochronic culture B. high-context culture C. polychrinic culture D. low-context culture

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According to your text, the self-concept can best be defined as _______. A. a combination of your original ideas and theories about life B. a set of assumptions developed about physical characteristics and popularity C. a mental image a person has about his or her skills, abilities, and knowledge D. a pattern of behavior that characterizes a person's place in a context

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What three things can help improve your communication competence? A. motivation, knowledge, and skills B. motivation, desire, and expertise C. encoding, decoding, and feedback D. skills, context, and semantics

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Amy was traumatized as a child when she had a bad experience jumping from a diving board. To this day, she considers herself a poor swimmer. That experience as a child has affected her. A. self-esteem B. role C. self-perception D. self-monitoring

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Which of these is an accurate paraphrase of this company policy: "Returns will be accepted within 60 days of purchase with a receipt. After 60 days, no returns or exchanges will be made"? A. "If you want to return something, you must do so within two months and have your receipt." B. "No returns will be made without a receipt." C. "You can return things within 60 days." D. "You can return things to this store."

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Saying "three-bedroom ranch" instead of "house" is a matter of word ______. A. specificity B. emphasis C. vividness D. concreteness

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The importance of understanding personal assumptions behind a word is _______. A. denotative meaning B. literal meaning C. less important than nonverbal messages D. connotative meaning

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The fact that silence is a form of communication demonstrates that _______. A. communication is continuous B. communication is situated C. communication is irreversible D. communication has purpose

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Danielle is listening to her teacher's lecture, working hard to understand so that she can do well on the test. She is engaging in _______ listening. A. empathic B. discriminative C. appreciative D. active

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Ashlee likes that she is small, has long hair and enjoys wearing dresses. However, she also likes to wear men's jeans, is a construction worker, and does not intend to have children. Based on this information, Ashlee is probably from a _______ culture. A. feminine B. high power distance C. collectivist D. low uncertainty avoidance

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In response to the statement "I brought all the boxes up to the second floor, and he tells me I didn't do what I was supposed to—that really irks me," which of the following best holds the characteristics of an effective supportive message? A. "He's a real jerk, isn't he?" B. "Maybe he didn't yell at you. Maybe he just has a loud voice." C. "Were you supposed to bring them to the basement instead?" D. "Yeah, I can understand why you'd be upset."

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When Miriam noticed that a group of Asian women in the cafeteria had an increased loudness or pitch to their speech, she assumed that they must be arguing. Which of the following is she demonstrating? A. anxiety B. ethnocentrism C. incompatible norms and values D. incompatible communication codes

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A mother tells her child to go clean his room. He does this, although he mumbles something under his breath and makes a face to let her know that he's not happy about it. This is an example of _______. A. noise B. context C. feedback channel D. decoding

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A person who values a company's health and retirement plans more than the base salary is probably from a _______ culture. A. high uncertainty-avoidance B. long-term oriented C. feminine D. low uncertainty-avoidance

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Pragmatic meaning comes from understanding a message related to the context. A. True B. False

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True

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We are more apt to self-monitor when we are familiar with the situation. A. True B. False

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False

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Using multiple channels to transmit messages leads to confusion and less accurate interpretation of your message. A. True B. False

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False

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Emoticons are a type of verbal communication. A. True B. False

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False

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Concrete words are sense-related. We use concrete words to describe what we can see, smell, touch, hear, or taste. (p. 63) A. True B. False

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True

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Our brains attempt to simplify complex information so that we can process it quicker and easier. A. True B. False

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True

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When we know we want to be at a dinner party on time, we are operating under the aspect of time known as polychronic time orientation. A. True B. False

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False

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Assumed similarity helps us communicate interculturally because we usually communicate better when we understand others in terms of ourselves. A. True B. False

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False

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The terms prejudice and discrimination both involve action and can be used interchangeably. A. True B. False

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False

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Intonation, pitch, and vocalized pauses are all elements of paralanguage. A. True B. False

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True

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The difference between a topic and a subject is that _______. A. a topic is a broad concept; a subject is a specific one B. a topic is a type of speech; a subject is the base of a speech C. a topic is a specific aspect of a subject D. a topic is a generalized subject

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_______ is an uncritical, unevaluative process of generating ideas. A. Audience analysis B. Brainstorming C. Concept mapping D. Contrasting

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If you had several related ideas for a speech topic and wanted to explore the connections between them, you could _______. A. interview an expert B. brainstorm C. create a concept map D. conduct a survey

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When considering the rhetorical situation for a speech, you should _______. A. analyze the audience B. adapt to the audience C. determine a speech goal D. all of the above

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To forecast audience reactions, a speaker should use the data collected to answer which of the following questions? A. What is the audience's knowledge, and what are the interests of its members? B. What is the age range of the audience, and what is its educational background? C. What is the economic background of the audience, and what is the sex of its members? D. What is the occasion of the speech, and what is my purpose?

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The specific speech goal should ________. A. encompass no more than two ideas B. be left in the infinitive form to ensure understanding C. be revised so it includes the desired audience response D. be revised so that it reflects the intent of your speech

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A specific speech goal _______. A. tells exactly what the subject and topic are B. states the response you want from your audience as a result of the speech C. is another term for thesis statement D. should be determined before you commit yourself to a topic

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Which of the following is an example of plagiarism? A. Alex paraphrases a paragraph from a book in his speech without an oral footnote. B. Evan gives a speech that his friend wrote the previous semester. C. Carole quotes a line from an article without an oral footnote. D. All of the above

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Which of the following would be the best wording of the specific goal for a speaker who wants to support the implementation of a tax cut? A. Should we adopt a tax cut now? B. No one could possibly support a tax cut now. C. I want the audience to believe that the United States should implement a tax cut. D. I want the audience to understand three alternatives to cutting taxes.

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Data that you personally collect from the real world is considered _______. A. primary research B. credential research C. secondary research D. online research

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How many sources should you use in a speech? A. 4-5 B. one for every two minutes of the speech C. the number will vary depending on the topic, setting, and your own expertise D. the number will vary depending on how much time you have to do the research

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When you want to get the opinion of a large number of people on a topic, _______. A. conduct an interview B. conduct a survey C. look for library sources D. look for newspaper articles

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Using the most updated edition of a source is a means of ensuring that source's _______. A. authority B. objectivity C. currency D. relevance

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A _______ is a planned, structured conversation where one person asks questions and another answers them. A. survey B. field observation C. experiment D. interview

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If you mentioned U.S. Presidents Lincoln, Garfield, Kennedy, and Reagan in a portion of your speech to help make a point, you would be using factual statements called _______. A. illustrations B. analogies C. anecdotes D. examples

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Plagiarism is _______. A. the use of especially lengthy quotations B. the overuse of source material C. the undocumented use of a direct quotation D. inaccurately paraphrasing a source

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When citing sources in your speechy, you should_______ A. give all your bibliographical detail B. refer your audience to your written material C. give a list of sources consulted at the end of the speech D. mention the sources of your most important information

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Of the following, the best way to cite a source in a speech would be _______. A. "According to a magazine I read last week . . ." B. "According to Arthur Jones in Harper's magazine, August 7, 1989, in an article entitled "New Sources of Energy," on page 17 . . ." C. "According to Arthur Jones in an article in last August's issue of Harper's magazine . . ." D. "According to "New Sources of Energy" . . ."

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When preparing a speech, you should first plan the _______. A. introduction B. body C. conclusion D. it doesn't matter

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You will only want to start the body of the speech after you have first _______. A. analyzed the audience, determined the main points, and written a thesis B. analyzed the audience, determined main points, and prepared sectional transitions C. analyzed the audience, developed a speech goal, and assembled some research D. analyzed the audience, done some research, and determined main points

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Which of the following is NOT a method of organizing the main points of a speech? A. topic order B. alphabetical order C. time order D. logical reasons order

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If, for a speech on space exploration, you discussed the role of scientists, the role of government, and the role of the public, you would be using a basic speech pattern known as _______. A. time order B. space order C. topic order D. logical reasons order

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A good speech introduction will _______. A. state the information on the outline B. get the attention of the audience C. leave the introduction of the content to the body of the speech D. not be necessary with a captive audience

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Creating goodwill refers to _______. A. encouraging charity among audience members B. using clever examples C. exhibiting warmth and good intent D. a requirement of an informative speech

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A commencement speaker starts her speech by saying, "When I was a student at this university, I anxiously anticipated the day I would sit where each of you are sitting. I studied hard, made many friends, and participated in many campus activities as I anticipated graduation." Her statement is an example of _______. A. a quotation B. a personal reference C. a joke D. a startling statement

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A _______ is a brief mention of something that happened to you or a hypothetical situation with you as the subject. A. quotation B. startling statement C. thesis statement D. personal reference

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When a speaker concludes a speech by reviewing the main points of that speech, the conclusion would be called _______. A. an illustration B. an appeal C. a challenge D. a summary

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Which of the following statements accurately describe an effective speech outline? A. It should list all parts of the speech in full sentences. B. It should not include subpoints. C. It should use a consistent pattern of numbering, lettering, and indentation. D. It doesn't matter what form it is in as long as the speaker can understand it.

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Taren is giving a presentation on Japanese culture. Rather than just showing pictures of Japan and its people, she has shared samples of authentic Japanese cuisine with the audience. She is utilizing a(n) _______. A. visual aid B. audio aid C. audiovisual aid D. sensory aid

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Sheng wants to show the chain of command within the organization she is discussing. She wants to include hierarchy, who communicates with whom, and relationships between roles. This could be demonstrated best by using _______. A. a pie graph B. a flow chart C. a bar graph D. a model

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Showing the class the type of baseball used for little league teams is a type of visual aid known as _______. A. a model B. an actual object C. a demonstrator D. a graph

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Daria wants to show her audience where the kidneys, bladder, and liver are in the body. To do this most effectively she should use _______. A. a chart B. a photograph C. a slide show D. a simple drawing

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Chalkboards are appropriate for use _______. A. when you don't feel like taking time to make another kind of visual aid B. when you plan to volunteer to go first C. when what you want to show is very simple or short D. at any time; they are usually the best visual aids

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June is giving a speech on bird calls. What presentation could June use to help her audience understand three different types of bird calls? A. a word chart B. a model C. a diagram D. an audio recording

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An effective oral style _______. A. tends toward short sentences B. features plural personal pronouns C. features descriptive words and phrases D. incorporates clear structural elements E. all of the above

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Linda gave a motivational speech for a local business. She described each department as a different part of the body, and explained how every part had to work together so the business/body could run. She was using a _______. A. simile B. metaphor C. analogy D. alliteration

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Which of the following statements are true about slang? A. Slang is never appropriate communication. B. Slang is primarily used by teenagers. C. Slang can be effective if it is appropriate for the context and listeners. D. Slang is an example of vivid language.

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Using the words "patches of different colors" instead of "variegated" when talking with an 11-year-old is a matter of word _______. A. specificity B. precision C. concreteness D. appropriateness

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Saying "A doctor puts in long, hard years to earn his degree" _______. A. is an example of marking B. is an example of generic language C. would be using appropriate language D. is an example of good audience adaptation

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Words used to structure a speech such as "secondly," and "in conclusion," are referred to as _______. A. vocalized pauses B. signposts C. markers D. slang

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______ is the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words that are near one another. A. alliteration B. assonance C. onomatopoeia D. simile

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A speaker can damage their credibility by _______. A. using personal experience as fact B. using exclusive language C. using jargon the audience is unfamiliar with D. all of the above

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When using speaking notes, which of these should you do? A. Type the entire text of your speech and paste it onto notecards. B. Use three standard sheets of paper per minute of your speech. C. Practice primarily with your entire speech outline and switch to speaking notes only for the official presentation. D. Avoid including any nonverbal notes so that you don't end up saying them aloud. E. Use the fewest words possible to guide you

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One of the techniques you can use to help manage your nervousness is to _______. A. try not to look at your audience while you are speaking B. start talking a few seconds before you get to the speaker's stand C. try to keep in mind how important the speech is to your grade D. be well prepared

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Common articulation problems include _______. A. accenting the incorrect syllable B. slurring sounds and adding a sound where there is none C. transposing words D. stuttering and lisping

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Speakers who slouch are considered to have poor _______. A. poise B. movement C. posture D. gestures

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Speaking with no changes in pitch or rate is described as speaking _______. A. with poor articulation B. in a monotone C. speaks in an impromptu manner D. conversationally

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During Ashlee's speech, she talks with the same inflections, pauses, and other qualities she uses when talking to friends even though her speech is carefully planned and rehearsed. Ashlee's speech has _______. A. a performance orientation B. a conversational style C. an impromptu style D. a communication style E. a professional orientation

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Generally, the best notes for your speech will consist of _______. A. the speech outline you developed in preparation B. complete sentence statements of main points written in small letters so as to fit as much material on your note cards as possible C. key words or phrases written in large letters that help trigger your thought D. the speech itself written in large letters on note cards

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During your speech practices, you should work to create a sense of spontaneity and _______. A. humor B. enthusiasm C. visual aids D. a wardrobe that will show professionalism

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Critical analysis of speeches provides an analysis of where the speech was strong or weak, but also _______. A. suggests more effective tips and techniques B. can help with communication apprehension C. will encourage praise and high self-esteem D. provides insight into methods for future speeches

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Which of the following behaviors is most likely to produce a creative approach to a speech? A. giving yourself enough time to be creative B. finishing your outline and sitting down for half an hour to be creative C. not trying to be creative—letting it take care of itself D. sticking with the first idea that comes to you; it is usually the best

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If in your informative speech on the Hope diamond you explained the size, shape, weight, and color of the diamond, you would be using an example of a _______. A. comparison and contrast B. definition C. narration D. description

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"One of the ways of responding is with aversion—a feeling of dislike, a sort of running away from a person and avoiding him" is an example of a _______. A. comparison and contrast B. definition C. contrast D. description

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In your informative speech on the development of the human child, you explain that by age three most other mammals are already independent and almost fully adults. Human babies, on the other hand, are still very much dependent on their mothers. This explanation is an example of a _______. A. comparison and contrast B. definition C. narration D. description

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The sentence "A trowel is an instrument used for moving and smoothing concrete" defines trowel by A. classification B. synonym C. etymology D. function

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When planning a demonstration speech, _______. A. having personal experience with your topic area is more critical than with other kinds of informative speeches B. you should plan on showing the entire process from start to finish C. if the time limit doesn't allow you to show the entire process, you should change your topic D. a visual aid is less important than with a more complex topic

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Todd notices that several audience members rolled their eyes during a portion of his speech. He adapts by saying, "Now, you may think that what I've just said is ridiculous. I'd like you to hear me out as I next explain why I think this is a practical plan," and he continues with his speech. Todd's statement is an example of _______. A. giving audience motivation B. employing pathos C. being responsive D. a straw person argument

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If your audience is very much opposed to your speech goal, _______. A. you should change your speech topic because you are very unlikely to change their minds B. you should only expect to move their opinion a little bit closer in your direction C. you should use the same strategy as those audiences who mildly oppose your speech goal D. none of the above

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An audience that has a positive attitude toward your speech goal _______. A. is inevitably not going to work for your speech B. may require you to switch opinions and take the opposite side C. should be asked to take action on the topic D. will require you to provide information to aid in understanding

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A decision to buy a car based on an analysis of cost, comparative features, and frequency of repair would be a decision based on ________. A. credibility B. emotion C. reasons D. fallacies

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The following outline applies to the following questions. As you listened to a speech, you noted these points: I. You should watch ER. II. Episodes portray the leading characters with great sensitivity. III. Whether the medical staff portrayed are "good" or "bad," we come to know them as persons; we see all facets of them. IV. The stories often have a great deal of emotional impact. V. You find yourself really caring about what happens to the people involved in various incidents in the show. Statement V is _______. A. a specific goal statement B. evidence or support for a reason C. a reason D. irrelevant to the development E. a good introductory statement

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When you are selecting evidence to support your speech claims, you should make sure that _______. A. the evidence comes from a well-respected source B. the evidence is recent C. the evidence will be persuasive with this audience D. all of the above

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In a speech arguing that college tuition is far too expensive, you explain that there are high quality colleges in Canada that charge half the cost. This is an example of which kind of argument? A. argument by analogy B. arguing from causation C. arguing by sign D. none of the above

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If you support the point that Colorado ski resort towns have been seeing an increase in wildlife habitat loss with the argument that "There have been increased reporting of bear and deer in the downtown area," you would be _______. A. arguing by analogy B. arguing from causation C. arguing by example D. arguing by sign

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Dorri presents two solutions to a problem as if they are the only two options when there are really many choices. Dorri is engaging in the _______ fallacy. A. straw person B. comparative advantage C. ad hominem D. either-or

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A persuasive speech may attempt to change someone's _______. A. attitude B. beliefs C. actions D. all of the above

answer

question

If you discover during your audience analysis that the costs associated with your proposition outweigh the incentives that you are offering, _______. A. you should probably reconsider what you are asking the audience to do B. you should reorganize your speech C. you should try to trigger the peripheral route D. none of the above

answer

question

A speech attempting to persuade you to support a gun control bill because guns are used in a high percentage of crimes, because gun control will lower the use of guns, and because this bill on gun control is better than previous bills, is organized by what pattern? A. motivated sequence B. problem-solution C. comparative advantages D. criteria satisfaction

answer

question

A speech attempting to persuade you to buy a Ford rather than a Hyundai because parts are more readily available and service is cheaper uses a pattern of organization called _______. A. motivated sequence B. problem-solution C. comparative advantages D. criteria satisfaction

answer

question

The speaker should not be concerned with the size of the audience and special expectations for a speech, as that is the job of the person or organization sponsoring the speech. A. True B. False

answer

False

question

The "exigence" of a speech is the reason the speech needs to be given. A. True B. False

answer

True

question

If Kwame is trying to explain the four steps to an exercise program, his general goal is to persuade the audience. A. True B. False

answer

False

question

It is not necessary to cite a source when you paraphrase it. A. True B. False

answer

False

question

Expert opinions are considered trustworthy and can be used to take the place of facts. A. True B. False

answer

False

question

The best speeches are delivered using a full manuscript of the speech. A. True B. False

answer

False

question

The organizational pattern you choose will determine the order to your main points. A. True B. False

answer

True

question

One of the goals of the introduction is to establish credibility. A. True B. False

answer

True

question

Using a presentational aid will help make your information clearer to your audience. A. True B. False

answer

True

question

Many novice speakers overuse computer-mediated presentations and allow the visual to become the show and not simply an aid. A. True B. False

answer

True

question

When it comes to handouts, the more information the better. A. True B. False

answer

False

question

Dating information helps increase message effectiveness and increases speaker credibility. A. True B. False

answer

True

question

Jargon and slang are appropriate in most situations. A. True B. False

answer

False

question

Using personal pronouns develops verbal immediacy and common ground with the audience. A. True B. False

answer

True

question

Spontaneity allows a speaker to present a speech that sounds natural and not memorized. A. True B. False

answer

True

question

Visualizing a successful speaking experience is not considered useful. A. True B. False

answer

False

question

The etymology of a particular word will provide words that have the same or similar meanings. A. True B. False

answer

False

question

Creativity does not involve productive thinking, only free association. A. True B. False

answer

False

question

Reasoning that what is true in some instances or examples is true in all instances is an example of arguing by example. A. True B. False

answer

True

question

When you evoke positive emotions, your audience will more carefully consider your proposition and arguments. A. True B. False

answer

True

STUDY

AP English Language And Composition AP English Literature And Composition Giant Leap For Mankind Literal Meaning Of A Word Literature One Giant Leap For Mankind

AP English Literature Vocabulary Terms 2016-2017 – Flashcards 194 terms

Bernice Cooper

194 terms

Preview

AP English Literature Vocabulary Terms 2016-2017 – Flashcards

question

adage

answer

a saying or proverb containing a truth based on experience and often couched in metaphorical language EX: A penny saved is a penny earned

question

ad hominem

answer

an argument addressing the person instead of the issue EX: how can you argue your case for vegetarianism when you are enjoying your steak?

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allegory

answer

an expressive style that uses fictional characters and events to describe some subject by suggestive resemblances EX: all animals are equal but few are more equal than others.

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alliteration

answer

the repetition of one or more initial consonants in a group of words or lines in poetry or prose EX: the boy bent backwards by a banister

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allusion

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a reference to a person. place, or event meant to create an effect or enhance the meaning of an idea EX: chocolate was her Achilles heel

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ambiguity

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a vagueness of meaning to evoke multiple meanings and interpretation EX: each of us saw her duck

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analogy

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a comparison that points out similarities between two contrasting things EX: you are as annoying as nails on a chalkboard

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anaphora

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the repetition at the beginning of clauses EX: I want my money right now, right here, all right?

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anecdote

answer

a very short tale told by a character in a literary work EX: A mother tells her son a story about a family vacation when she was growing up

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antagonist

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a character or force in a work of literature that, by opposing the protagonist, produces tension or conflict EX: the joker in batman

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antecedent

answer

the noun that a pronoun replaces EX: Lily = she

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antithesis

answer

contrasting ideas or images through the use of parallel structure EX: Many are called, but few are chosen.

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aphorism

answer

brief saying embodying a moral, concise, statement of a principle or precept given in pointed words EX: The simplest questions are the hardest to answer.

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apostrophe

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when an absent person, abstract concept, or object is directly addressed EX: the star in twinkle little star

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archetype

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usage of any object or situation as it was originally made- big cliché, but one that never dies EX: the hero

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argument

answer

a form of writing that makes a claim for a particular opinion or idea and supports it with evidence EX: "social media has bettered society"

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aside

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a device in which a character in a drama makes a short speech which is heard by the audience but not by other characters EX: romeo speaks to the audience- reveals his thoughts

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assonance

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the repetition of vowel sounds in a literary work EX: Men sell the wedding bells

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asyndeton

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the omission of conjunctions that coordinate words and phrases EX: without looking, breathing, making a sound

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audience

answer

a group of people who participate in a show or encounter a work of art

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balanced sentence

answer

a sentence that uses parallel structure and has clauses that are equally long and equally important EX: Light is faster, but we are safer.

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ballad

answer

a story in a poetic form, often tragic love

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bathos

answer

an event often occurring as serious then transitions into of little significance EX: MARY: John - once we had something that was pure, and wonderful, and good. What's happened to it? JOHN: You spent it all.

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blank verse

answer

poetry without rhyme, often resembles ordinary speech EX: Something there is that doesn't love a wall. That sends the frozen-ground-swell under it, And spills the upper boulders in the sun;

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caesura

answer

a pause in mid verse, often marked by punctuation EX: It is for you we speak, || not for ourselves:

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central idea

answer

the most important point in the authors text; the main idea

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characterization

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the way an author gives human-like qualities to a character to resemble an actual person EX: The patient boy and quiet girl were both well mannered and did not disobey their mother.

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chiasmus

answer

a statement consisting of two parallel parts in which the second part is structurally reversed EX: Never let a Fool Kiss You or a Kiss Fool You.

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clause

answer

a group of related words containing a subject that tells the readers what the sentence is about

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cliché

answer

overused, worn-out word or phrase; not literal EX: time will tell

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climax

answer

a structural part of a plot and is at times referred to a crisis EX: when Romeo & Juliet die

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colloquialism

answer

use of slang or phrases in a piece of writing EX: y'all

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comedy

answer

type of dramatic work that is amusing and satirical in its tone, mostly having cheerful endings

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complex sentence

answer

sentence that combines one independent clause with at least one dependent clause

question

compound sentence

answer

sentence that combines a least two dependent clauses joined by a comma, semicolon, or conjunction

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conceit

answer

a kind of metaphor that compares two very unlikely things in a surprising and clever way EX: Marriage is like getting a root canal

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concrete poetry

answer

poem that visually resembles something found in the physical world EX:

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connotation

answer

a word's emotional content, not actual definition EX:

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consonance

answer

the repetition of consonant sounds with differing vowel sounds in words near each other in a line or lines of poetry EX:

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convention

answer

a characteristic of a literary genre that is understood and accepted by audiences because it has come to be recognized as a familiar technique EX:

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couplet

answer

a pair of rhyming lines in a poem EX:

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dactyl

answer

a three syllable foot consisting of near stress and two light stresses EX:

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declarative sentence

answer

statement that can be affirmative, negative, or neutral; all distinguished by different non-manual markers EX:

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deductive reasoning

answer

uses facts, rules, definitions, or properties to reach logical conclusions from given statements EX:

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denotation

answer

the literal meaning of a word EX:

question

deus ex machina

answer

a device used in Greek plays in which a god was lowered to the stage to solve the problems of the characters EX:

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detail

answer

attention to or treatment of a subject in individual or minute parts EX:

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dialogue

answer

literary technique in which writers employ two or more characters to be engaged in conversation with each other EX:

question

diction

answer

an author's word choice when writing EX:

question

didactic

answer

writing that is preach-like or seeks overtly to convince a reader of a particular point or lesson EX:

question

digression

answer

a message that departs from the main subject

question

dissonance

answer

the use of harsh sounding, unusual, or impolite words in poetry to create a disturbing effect

question

elegy

answer

a form of literature that can be defined as a poem or song in the form of elegiac couplets, written in honor of the deceased

question

ellipsis

answer

literary device used in narratives to omit some parts of a sentence or event, which gives the reader a chance to fill the gaps while acting or reading it out

question

end-stopped

answer

A term that describes a line of poetry that ends with a natural pause often indicated by a mark of punctuation

question

epic

answer

An extended narrative poem that tells of the adventures and exploits of a hero that in generally larger than life and is often considered a legendary figure

question

epigram

answer

A concise but ingenious, witty, and thoughtful statement

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epigraph

answer

phrase, quotation, or poem that is set at the beginning

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epiphany

answer

the character's moment of realization or the character gaining knowledge

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epitaph

answer

an inscription on a tombstone

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epithet

answer

adjectives expressing a characteristic

question

eulogy

answer

a writing to honor someone dead

question

euphemism

answer

a less offensive way of saying something offensive

question

exclamatory sentence

answer

a sentence with strong feeling

question

expletive

answer

an exclamation or oath

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exposition

answer

device used to introduce background information about events, settings, characters etc. to the audience or readers

question

fable

answer

a fictional story that leads to a moral

question

fantasy

answer

a story that contains an unreal world or unreal characters

question

farce

answer

genre and the type of a comedy that makes the use of highly exaggerated and funny situations aimed at entertaining the audience

question

figurative language

answer

a way of saying one thing but meaning another

question

first person(pov)

answer

where the story is narrated by one character at a time

question

fixed form

answer

A poem that may be categorized by the pattern of its lines, meter, rhythm, or stanzas

question

flashback

answer

interjections of past events to provide background to current text

question

flat character

answer

uncomplicated and doesn't change

question

foil

answer

used to describe a character, it means that that character serves to highlight one or more attributes of another character, often the protagonist, by providing a contrast

question

foreshadowing

answer

a warning or indication of a future event

question

frame device

answer

a story with in a story

question

free verse

answer

does not have to rhyme, stanzas may be different lengths, lines are usually different lengths, there is no metrical pattern

question

genre

answer

a category of literary composition

question

grotesque

answer

focuses on the human body, and all the ways that it can be distorted or exaggerated: its aim is to simultaneously elicit our empathy and disgust

question

heroic couplet

answer

Two successive rhyming lines of iambic pentameter

question

hexameter

answer

A line consisting of six metrical feet

question

homily

answer

literally "sermon", or any serious talk, speech, or lecture providing moral or spiritual advice

question

hubris

answer

extreme pride and arrogance shown by a character that ultimately brings about their downfall

question

hyperbole

answer

the trope of exaggeration or overstatement

question

hypothetical question

answer

A question, based on assumptions rather than facts, directed to an expert witness intended to elicit an opinion

question

iambic pentameter

answer

A unit or foot of poetry that consists of a lightly stressed syllable followed by a heavily stressed syllable

question

idiom

answer

term refers to a set expression or a phrase comprising two or more words

question

image

answer

the "mental pictures" that readers experience with a passage of literature

question

in media res

answer

describes a narrative that begins, not at the beginning of a story, but somewhere in the middle — usually at some crucial point in the action

question

inductive reasoning

answer

statement is derived using facts and instances which lead to the formation of a general opinion

question

internal rhyme

answer

a poetic device which can be defined as metrical lines in which its middle words and its end words rhymes with each other

question

invective

answer

A direct verbal assault; a denunciation

question

irony

answer

Dramatic: Audience perceives something that a character in lit does not know. Verbal: When an author says one thing and means something else. Situational: Discrepancy between the expected result and actual results.

question

jargon

answer

a use of specific phrases and words by writers in a particular situation, profession or trade

question

juxtaposition

answer

When one theme or idea or person is paralleled to another

question

legend

answer

a story or narrative that lies somewhere between myth and historical fact and which, as a rule, is about a particular figure or person

question

limerick

answer

a humorous or nonsense verse of five lines; from limerick a country in Republic of Ireland where the form is said to have originated

question

limited narrator

answer

the narrator only knows the thoughts and feelings of one character

question

literal language

answer

the literal meaning of a word or phrase

question

literary license

answer

when a poet or an author has got the freedom of changing the norms of a literary text and act differently and independently

question

litotes

answer

A form of understatement in which positive form is emphasized through the negation of a negative form

question

loose sentence

answer

One in which the main clause comes first, followed by further dependent grammatical units

question

lyric

answer

A poem that does not tell a story but expresses the personal feelings or thoughts of the speaker

question

malapropism

answer

the act of using an incorrect word in place of one that is similar in pronunciation

question

maxim

answer

maxim is a simple and memorable line, quote or rule for taking action and leading a good life

question

metaphor

answer

a figure of speech which makes an implicit, implied or hidden comparison between two things that are unrelated but share some common characteristics

question

meter (iamb, trochee, dactyl, anapest)

answer

a unit of rhythm in poetry, the pattern of the beats

question

metonymy

answer

type of metaphor in which an object is used to describe something that's closely related to it

question

mood

answer

a literary element that evokes certain feelings or vibes in readers through words and descriptions

question

motif

answer

any recurring element that has symbolic significance in a story

question

motivation

answer

a reason behind a character's specific action or behavior

question

myth

answer

a traditional or legendary story, usually concerning some being or hero or event, with or without a determinable basis of fact or a natural explanation

question

narrator

answer

A person who tells a story; in literature, the voice that an author takes on to tell a story

question

naturalistic

answer

literary genre that started as a literary movement in late nineteenth century in literature, film, theater and art

question

non sequitur

answer

literary device which include the statements, sayings and conclusions that do not follow the fundamental principles of logic and reason

question

octet

answer

the first 8 lines of a Petrarchan or Italian sonnet. Usually presents a situation, an idea, or a question

question

ode

answer

a form of lyric poetry — expressing emotion — and it's usually addressed to someone or something, or it represents the poet's musings on that person or thing

question

omniscient (point of view)

answer

literary technique of writing narrative in third person in which a narrator knows the feelings and thoughts of every character in the story; godlike

question

onomatopoeia

answer

a word, which imitates the natural sounds of a thing. It creates a sound effect that mimics the thing described, making the description more expressive and interesting; zap, pow, bang

question

overstatement

answer

an act of stating something more than it actually is in order to make the point more serious or important or beautiful

question

oxymoron

answer

two contradictory words are together in one phrase. In fact

question

parable

answer

a short allegorical story designed to illustrate or teach some truth, religious principle, or moral lesson

question

paradox

answer

a statement that contradicts itself and still seems true somehow

question

parallel structure

answer

repetition of the same pattern of words or phrases within a sentence or passage to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance

question

parenthetical

answer

Set off within or as if within parentheses; qualifying or explanatory

question

parody

answer

a humorous or satirical imitation of a serious piece of literature or writing

question

pathos

answer

a quality of an experience in life or a work of art that stirs up emotions of pity, sympathy and sorrow

question

pedantic

answer

adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or. bookish

question

pentameter

answer

literary device that can be defined as a line in verse or poetry that has five strong metrical feet or beats

question

periodic sentence

answer

emphasis and can be persuasive by putting reasons for something at the beginning before the final point is made

question

persona

answer

When a character or narrator through whom the author speaks in a literary work

question

personification

answer

a figure of speech in which a thing, an idea or an animal is given human attributes

question

plot

answer

literary term used to describe the events that make up a story or the main part of a story

question

point of view

answer

refers to who is telling a story, or who is narrating it

question

polysyndeton

answer

conjunctions (e.g. and, but, or) are used repeatedly in quick succession, often with no commas, even when the conjunctions could be removed

question

prosody

answer

the study of meter, intonation and rhythm of a poetic work

question

protagonist

answer

the central character or leading figure in poetry, narrative, novel or any other story

question

pun

answer

a play on words in which a humorous effect is produced by using a word that suggests two or more meanings or by exploiting similar sounding words having different meanings

question

purpose

answer

the reason an author decides to write about a specific topic

question

quatrain

answer

a verse with four lines, or even a full poem containing four lines, having an independent and separate theme

question

realistic

answer

denotes a particular kind of subject matter, especially the representation of middle-class life

question

resolution

answer

the conclusion of the story; the point in the plot at which the conflict comes to an end

question

reversal

answer

any narrative in which there is an observable change in direction

question

rhetoric

answer

a technique of using language effectively and persuasively in spoken or written form

question

rhetorical question

answer

self-evident and used for style as an impressive persuasive device

question

rhyme (interior, slant)

answer

a repetition of similar sounding words occurring at the end of lines in poems or songs

question

rhythm

answer

literary device which demonstrates the long and short patterns through stressed and unstressed syllables particularly in verse form

question

romantic

answer

a literary, artistic, and philosophical movement originating in the 18th century, characterized chiefly by a reaction against neoclassicism and an emphasis on the imagination and emotions

question

round character

answer

complex and undergo development, sometimes sufficiently to surprise the reader; very complicated, contrasts flat character

question

sarcasm

answer

an ironic or satirical remark that seems to be praising someone or something but is really taunting or cutting

question

satire

answer

a technique employed by writers to expose and criticize foolishness and corruption of an individual or a society by using humor, irony, exaggeration or ridicule

question

scan

answer

the process of analyzing a poem's meter

question

scapegoat

answer

A person or group that is made to bear blame for others

question

scene

answer

A dramatic sequence taking place within a single locale (or setting) on stage

question

sestet

answer

consists of six lines that rhyme with a varying pattern

question

setting

answer

the time and place in which the story takes place

question

simile

answer

a figure of speech that makes a comparison, showing similarities between two different things

question

simple sentence

answer

sentence containing only one independent clause and no dependent clauses

question

solecism

answer

a grammatical mistake or intentional use of incorrect grammar in written language and speech

question

soliloquy

answer

a popular literary device often used in drama to reveal the innermost thoughts of a character

question

sonnet

answer

It means a small or little song or lyric; 14 fourteen lines and is written in iambic pentameter

question

speaker

answer

the voice behind the poem—the person we imagine to be saying the thing out loud

question

stage direction

answer

Part of the script of a play that tells the actors how they are to move or to speak their lines

question

stanza

answer

a division of four or more lines having a fixed length, meter or rhyming scheme

question

stereotype

answer

An author's method of treating a character so that the character is immediately identified with a group

question

stock character

answer

a stereotypical person whom audiences readily recognize from frequent recurrences in a particular literary tradition

question

steam-of-consciousness

answer

a narrative mode or device that depicts the multitudinous thoughts and feelings which pass through the mind

question

structure

answer

The way that the writer arranges the plot of a story

question

style

answer

the literary element that describes the ways that the author uses words — the author's word choice, sentence structure, figurative language, and sentence arrangement all work together to establish mood, images, and meaning in the text

question

surrealism

answer

aimed at expressing imaginative dreams and visions free from conscious rational control

question

syllepsis

answer

a rhetorical term for a kind of ellipsis in which one word (usually a verb) is understood differently in relation to two or more other words, which it modifies or governs

question

syllogism

answer

a deductive scheme of a formal argument consisting of a major and a minor premise and a conclusion

question

symbol

answer

A figure of speech where an object, person, or situation has another meaning other than its literal meaning. The actions of a character, word, action, or event that have a deeper meaning in the context of the whole story

question

synecdoche

answer

literary device in which a part of something represents the whole or it may use a whole to represent a part

question

synesthesia

answer

characters or places in such a manner that they appeal to more than one senses like hearing, seeing, smell etc. at a given time

question

syntax

answer

determines how the chosen words are used to form a sentence

question

tautology

answer

a repetitive use of phrases or words which have similar meanings

question

tetrameter

answer

When four beats are placed together in a line of poetry

question

theme

answer

a main idea or an underlying meaning of a literary work that may be stated directly or indirectly

question

thesis

answer

a short statement, usually one sentence, that summarizes the main point or claim of an essay, research paper, etc., and is developed, supported, and explained in the text by means of examples and evidence

question

tone

answer

an attitude of a writer toward a subject or an audience

question

topic

answer

A subject of discussion or conversation; A subdivision of a theme, thesis, or outline

question

tragedy

answer

the main character is brought to ruin or suffers extreme sorrow, especially as a consequence of a tragic flaw, moral weakness, or inability to cope with unfavorable circumstances

question

trite

answer

hackneyed, stereotyped, threadbare mean lacking the freshness that evokes attention or interest

question

turning point

answer

a moment when the course of events is changed

question

understatement

answer

A figure of speech in which a writer or speaker deliberately makes a situation seem less important or serious than it is; A statement which lessens or minimizes the importance of what is meant; Restraint or lack of emphasis in expression, as for rhetorical effect

question

unreliable narrator

answer

a narrator, whether in literature, film, or theatre, whose credibility has been seriously compromised

question

usage

answer

the way in which words or phrases are actually used, spoken, or written in a speech community

question

vernacular

answer

using a language or dialect native to a region or country rather than a literary, cultured, or foreign language

question

absolute

answer

a word free from limitations or qualifications; argument—a statement of the meaning or main point of a literary work

question

anadiplosis

answer

It refers to the repetition of a word or words in successive clauses in such a way that the second clause starts with the same word which marks the end of the previous clause

question

zeugma

answer

a literary term for using one word to modify two other words, in two different ways

question

conduplicatio

answer

Figure of repetition in which the key word or words in one phrase, clause, or sentence is/are repeated at or very near the beginning of successive sentences, clauses, or phrases; repetition of a key word over successive phrases or clauses

STUDY

Giant Leap For Mankind Goes Without Saying

Flashcards and Answers – Figurative Language Sound Devices 8 terms

Deloris Connelly

8 terms

Preview

Flashcards and Answers – Figurative Language Sound Devices

question

He hardly heard her when she yelped.

answer

Tip: Repeats consonant sound Tip : Repeats the first letter consonant sound Answer: Alliteration

question

The mountain glared down on the lonely valley below.

answer

Tip: makes something not human seem human Tip: It is not a person but seems like one Answer: Personification

question

The homebuilder was homeless when he was young.

answer

Tip: It is a ha, ha moment Tip: It often depends on opposites Answer: Irony

question

The sparkle of her smile was like the sun shining after a rainstorm.

answer

Tip compares two things that are different and makes a common connection. Tip: Uses like or as Answer: Simile

question

The repeat of the beat filled the ears of bystanders standing on the street.

answer

Tip: It creates a rhythm to the sentence Tip: Dr. Suess like this Answer: Internal Rhyme

question

The wise man spoke foolish words.

answer

Tip: Built on a contradiction Tip: Makes the reader go "ah". Answer: Paradox

question

He repeats either east or west every time I ask him a question.

answer

Tip: Uses the same sound Tip: The vowel sound is the key Answer: Assonance

question

The doves signaled a new era of brotherly love.

answer

Tip: One word stands in for another Tip:

STUDY

AP United States History Giant Leap For Mankind Late 1940s And Early 1950s Military History Senator Joseph Mccarthy World History

U.S. History Chapter 26 Review – Flashcards 61 terms

Kate Moore

61 terms

Preview

U.S. History Chapter 26 Review – Flashcards

question

document sent to the state department that described the mentality of the Soviets

answer

Long Telegram

question

act that gave the govt. the power to arrest Communists during a national emergency

answer

McCarran/Internal Security Act

question

spy who gave valuable information to the Soviets about the atomic bomb

answer

Klaus Fuchx

question

what families built to protect themselves from nuclear radiation

answer

fallout shelters

question

mutual alliance system that the Soviets created with their allies in response to NATO

answer

Warsaw Pact

question

committee created in the late 1930s to investigate communism in the United States

answer

House Un-American Activities Committee

question

project in which the U.S. cracked the Soviet spy code

answer

Project Venona

question

leader of the Chinese communists

answer

Mao Zedong

question

term used for restricting communism

answer

containment

question

nation that fell to the communists in February 1948

answer

Czechoslovakia

question

date when the Soviets tested their atomic bomb

answer

September 2, 1949

question

British leader who said that an iron curtain had fallen across Eastern Europe

answer

Winston Churchill

question

American diplomat who was eventually convicted for perjury

answer

Alger Hiss

question

intense rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union

answer

Cold War

question

countries where covert operations replaced one government with government that is friendly to the U.S. (2)

answer

Iran & Guatemala

question

first Soviet leader to declare that communism and capitalism could not coexist

answer

Joseph Stalin

question

large, populous nation that fell to communism in the fall of 1949

answer

China

question

the best defense against being accused of being a communist in the 1950s

answer

conformity

question

in the early 1950s, the U.S. and Soviet Union both tested the ____

answer

hydrogen bomb

question

army attorney who was brave enough to challenge McCarthy

answer

Joseph Welch

question

countries where containment was first tested (2)

answer

Greece & Turkey

question

during and after the Korean War, the government started a program to build up the_____

answer

military

question

Truman's adviser who told him to be strong with the Soviets

answer

Dean Acheson

question

document that stated that the U.S. would help free people that were trying to fight communism

answer

Truman Doctrine

question

the Soviets blockaded this city to keep out Western influence

answer

Berlin

question

nations that were supposed to remain friendly to the Soviets (5)

answer

Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia

question

country that fell to the communists in 1956

answer

Hungary

question

American pilot of a U-2 spy plane that was shot down over Soviet airspace

answer

Francis Gary Powers

question

first artificial satellite to orbit the earth, launched by the Soviets in 1957

answer

Sputnik

question

screenwriters who refused to cooperate with Congress

answer

Hollywood Ten

question

years of the Cold War

answer

1946-1990

question

asserted the "right of all people to choose the form of government under which they will live"

answer

Declaration of Liberated Europe

question

Truman and Stalin work out a deal on Germany

answer

Potsdam

question

not under direct Soviet control, but must remain communist and friendly to the Soviet Union

answer

satellite nation

question

separation of Communist nations of Eastern Europe from the West

answer

iron curtain

question

American diplomat in Moscow who wrote the Long Telegram

answer

George Kennan

question

would give European nations American aid to rebuild their economies

answer

Marshall Plan

question

American cargo planes supplied Berliners with food, medicine, and coal until the blockade was lifted

answer

Berlin airlift

question

members agreed to come to the aid of any member who was attacked

answer

NATO

question

war fought to achieve a limited objective, such as containing communism

answer

limited war

question

effort to secretly weaken a society and overthrow its government

answer

subversion

question

established by Truman to screen all federal employees to make sure that they were not communists

answer

loyalty review program

question

FBI Director who was not satisfied with the loyalty review program

answer

J. Edgar Hoover

question

Time magazine editor and former member of the Communist Party who told the HUAC that several government officials were former communists or spies

answer

Whittaker Chambers

question

lying under oath

answer

perjury

question

New York couple who were communists, and were arrested by the FBI and charged for heading a Soviet spy ring

answer

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

question

Wisconsin senator who stated that there were 205 known communists who were still working for the State Department

answer

Joseph R. McCarthy

question

his tactic of damaging reputations with vague and unfounded charges

answer

McCarthyism

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televised interrogations of McCarthy's bullying witnesses

answer

Army-McCarthy hearings

question

formal disapproval

answer

censure

question

radiation left over after a nuclear blast

answer

fallout

question

policy of threatening to use nuclear weapons if a communist state tried to seize territory by force

answer

massive retaliation

question

created by Congress in 1958 (the year after Sputnik was launched) to coordinate research in rocket science and space exploration

answer

NASA

question

provided funds for training and education in science, math, and foreign languages

answer

National Defense Education Act

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willingness to go on the brink of war for the other side to back down

answer

brinkmanship

question

hidden

answer

covert

question

conducted covert operations to prevent communist uprisings in other countries

answer

CIA

question

nations that still had mainly agricultural economies

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developing nations

question

Soviet leader by 1956

answer

Nikita Khrushchev

question

formal face-to-face meeting of leaders from different countries to discuss important matters

answer

summit

question

new relationship between the military establishment and the defense industry

answer

military-industrial complex

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