Diastolic Blood Pressure Flashcards, test questions and answers

Question 1

How much could a person’s risk of heart attack go down if they were able to drop their diastolic blood pressure 10 points?

Answer

2-3% per 1 point drop in blood pressure 20-30%
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Question 2

What does Diastolic Blood pressure do during exercise?

Answer

Remains stable or decreases slightly.
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Question 3

Your 71-year-old male patient has recently been diagnosed with hypertension. Which of the following measurements is a partial indication of effective treatment and management? a) Systolic blood pressure above 140 mm Hg b) Diastolic blood pressure below 100 mm Hg c) Systolic blood pressure below 160 mm Hg d) Diastolic blood pressure below 90 mm Hg

Answer

Successful treatment involves reducing blood pressure below hypertensive levels. In adults, this is typically defined as a systolic pressure below 140 mm Hg and a diastolic pressure below 90 mm Hg.
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Question 4

Walking and running study related to heart rate: A researcher wants to know which exercise program: 1) a fast walking program, or 2) a running program is most effective in reducing blood pressure. The researcher anticipates that the target heart rate for the program is an important additional variable that needs to be considered. The researcher will recruit 100 volunteers from a local exercise facility in a large retirement community. Subjects must be between 70 to 80 years old with hypertension, willing to follow the assigned program three days a week for one year, and with no serious heart disease or other problems that would limit participation in the exercise programs other than hypertension. Blood pressure will be measured at the beginning of the study (pretest) and at the end of the study (posttest). Subjects will be randomly assigned to one of four groups: 1) fast walking for 30 minutes at a pace and at an incline adequate to keep the heart rate in the range of 55-65% of the age-adjusted maximum heart rate, 2) fast walking for 30 minutes at a pace and at an incline adequate to keep the heart rate in the range of 70-80% of the age-adjusted maximum heart rate, 3) running for 30 minutes at a pace and at an incline adequate to keep the heart rate in the range of 55-65% of the age-adjusted maximum heart rate, 4) running for 30 minutes at a pace and at an incline adequate to keep the heart rate in the range of 70-80% of the age-adjusted maximum heart rate. Subjects will be followed for 1 year and the outcome measure is the change in diastolic blood pressure (measured as the difference between the pretest and the posttest), which will be compared among the four groups. How many levels of the independent variable are there?

Answer

two for exercise program and two for target heart rate
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Question 5

Myocardial oxygen supply is dependent on which of the following factors? a. Diastolic blood pressure b. Hemoglobin content c. Diastolic filling time d. Left ventricular end diastolic pressure e. All of the above

Answer

E. all of the above are determinants of myocardial oxygen supply Coronary blood flow occurs during diastole, and thus perfusion of the myocardium is dependent on both diastolic blood pressure and diastolic filling time. Myocardial blood flow is dependent on the driving pressure of blood (Diastolic blood pressure – Left ventricular end diastolic pressure). Hemoglobin content is one of the factors that affect the oxygen content of blood, which affects the oxygen supply to the heart.
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Question 6

Changing which of the following will both increase myocardial oxygen supply and decrease myocardial oxygen demand? a. Decreasing heart rate b. Decreasing diastolic blood pressure c. Increasing systolic blood pressure d. Decreasing contractility

Answer

decreasing heart rate Decreasing heart rate protects the myocardium by decreasing oxygen demand and increasing supply. This is one of the ways in which beta-blockers work. Decreasing heart rate decreases myocardial oxygen demand while also increasing the time the heart is in diastole, which is when the coronary arteries are perfused. Beta-blockers also decrease myocardial contractility by blocking the beta effects of circulating catecholamines on the myocardium, further decreasing oxygen demand. These points emphasize the importance of rate control in patients with potential tachyarrhythmias such as Afib or Aflutter with rapid ventricular response. Beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and other medications are frequently used for rate control. Controlling the heart rate in these patients creates a more favorable oxygen balance and protects the heart from ischemia.
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Question 7

diastolic blood pressure:

Answer

pressure exerted by blood against the walls if arteries during forceful RELAXATION of the heart
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Question 8

Normal DIASTOLIC Blood Pressure vital signs value

Answer

ADULTS 60 – 90 mmHg
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Question 9

Walking and running study related to heart rate: A researcher wants to know which exercise program: 1) a fast walking program, or 2) a running program is most effective in reducing blood pressure. The researcher anticipates that the target heart rate for the program is an important additional variable that needs to be considered. The researcher will recruit 100 volunteers from a local exercise facility in a large retirement community. Subjects must be between 70 to 80 years old with hypertension, willing to follow the assigned program three days a week for one year, and with no serious heart disease or other problems that would limit participation in the exercise programs other than hypertension. Blood pressure will be measured at the beginning of the study (pretest) and at the end of the study (posttest). Subjects will be randomly assigned to one of four groups: 1) fast walking for 30 minutes at a pace and at an incline adequate to keep the heart rate in the range of 55-65% of the age-adjusted maximum heart rate, 2) fast walking for 30 minutes at a pace and at an incline adequate to keep the heart rate in the range of 70-80% of the age-adjusted maximum heart rate, 3) running for 30 minutes at a pace and at an incline adequate to keep the heart rate in the range of 55-65% of the age-adjusted maximum heart rate, 4) running for 30 minutes at a pace and at an incline adequate to keep the heart rate in the range of 70-80% of the age-adjusted maximum heart rate. Subjects will be followed for 1 year and the outcome measure is the change in diastolic blood pressure (measured as the difference between the pretest and the posttest), which will be compared among the four groups. What is the dependent variable?

Answer

change in diastolic blood pressure
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Question 10

Walking and running study related to heart rate:A researcher wants to know which exercise program: 1) a fast walking program, or 2) a running program is most effective in reducing blood pressure. The researcher anticipates that the target heart rate for the program is an important additional variable that needs to be considered. The researcher will recruit 100 volunteers from a local exercise facility in a large retirement community. Subjects must be between 70 to 80 years old with hypertension, willing to follow the assigned program three days a week for one year, and with no serious heart disease or other problems that would limit participation in the exercise programs other than hypertension. Blood pressure will be measured at the beginning of the study (pretest) and at the end of the study (posttest). Subjects will be randomly assigned to one of four groups: 1) fast walking for 30 minutes at a pace and at an incline adequate to keep the heart rate in the range of 55-65% of the age-adjusted maximum heart rate, 2) fast walking for 30 minutes at a pace and at an incline adequate to keep the heart rate in the range of 70-80% of the age-adjusted maximum heart rate, 3) running for 30 minutes at a pace and at an incline adequate to keep the heart rate in the range of 55-65% of the age-adjusted maximum heart rate, 4) running for 30 minutes at a pace and at an incline adequate to keep the heart rate in the range of 70-80% of the age-adjusted maximum heart rate. Subjects will be followed for 1 year and the outcome measure is the change in diastolic blood pressure (measured as the difference between the pretest and the posttest), which will be compared among the four groups. What is(are) the independent variable(s)?

Answer

exercise program and target heart rate
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