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Chapter 18: Colonial Encounters in Asia and Africa, 1750-1950 – Flashcards 46 terms
46 terms
Preview
Chapter 18: Colonial Encounters in Asia and Africa, 1750-1950 – Flashcards
question
What is "social Darwinism"?
answer
The belief that superior Europeans will inevitably destroy or displace "unfit" races
question
Which of the following is a good example of a "settler colony" in the nineteenth century?
answer
Australia
question
What made European racism in the nineteenth century distinct from earlier periods?
answer
It was expressed in terms of modern science.
question
With whom did British forces fight the Boer War, a bitter three-year struggle to secure South Africa?
answer
White descendants of Dutch settlers
question
How did European powers govern at the local level?
answer
They frequently relied on local elites.
question
Which colony can be described as suffering from a reign of terror in which millions of natives were killed and mutilated to force them to produce for a European market?
answer
Congo Free State
question
What was an advantage that those colonial subjects who secured a Western education enjoyed?
answer
They had access to better paying positions in European mission organizations.
question
What made imperialism so broadly popular in Europe in the last quarter of the nineteenth century?
answer
The growth of nationalism in Europe made the acquisition of empires popular. Europe needed the raw materials of its colonies to fuel its factories. European colonizers took pride in their "active masculinity" and defined subject peoples as soft and effeminate. Europe needed markets for its industrial goods. Europeans often found it more profitable to invest their capital abroad than in Europe. Imperialism promised to solve the class conflicts of an industrializing society.
question
When European imperialists attacked, what was the fate of decentralized societies that did not have a strong ruler or government, such as the small kingdoms and chiefdoms of West Africa?
answer
They faced protracted, brutal warfare and mass destruction, village by village.
question
Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between European colonial policies and core political values at home?
answer
Europeans did not spread their political values in any meaningful way to their colonies.
question
How were the lives of African women altered by colonial economies?
answer
Colonial economies sometimes offered women a measure of opportunity, particularly in small-scale trade and marketing that could on occasion give them considerable economic autonomy.
question
How did the colonial experience in nineteenth century Asia and Africa alter traditional identities?
answer
New concepts of an "African identity" emerged in reaction to European rule.
question
What new developments facilitated overseas expansion in the late nineteenth century?
answer
Underwater telegraph cables and steam-driven ships significantly improved communication.
question
Why did Australia, New Zealand, and Hawaii become settler colonies, in which Europeans became the vast majority of the population?
answer
The native population in these places had been largely destroyed by European disease.
question
What was a distinctive feature of nineteenth-century European colonial empires?
answer
Europeans displayed an unprecedented interest in classifying their subject peoples. European colonial policies contradicted their own core values and their practices at home to an unusual degree.
question
Who presided over the cruel forced labor system in the Congo Free State at the opening of the twentieth century?
answer
King Leopold II
question
What was an important outcome of Western education systems in European colonies during the nineteenth century?
answer
New cultural divide between those who possessed a Western education and those who did not
question
Which of the following regions experienced a takeover that was most similar to Britain's earlier colonization of North America?
answer
Australia
question
Whom did Europeans turn to in order to support European administrators in governing their African and Asian colonies?
answer
They frequently relied on local elites.
question
Which of the following were used to underpin European racism in the nineteenth century?
answer
"Scientific" methods that appeared to prove that European brains are larger than those of people in other parts of the world
question
How were such small numbers of Europeans able to govern such huge and populous territories?
answer
By reinforcing the power of local rulers and thus earning their loyalty
question
What effect did nineteenth-century imperialism have on migration in colonized lands?
answer
Imperialism led to the migration of millions of indigenous workers to work in mines or on European-financed plantations.
question
Which of the following was a reason for the increasing sense of "African identity" that had developed by the end of the nineteenth century?
answer
Africans from many states increasingly felt a sense of common experience in the face of colonial oppression.
question
Which of the following statements is true about European imperialism?
answer
It led to European secular arrogance, as Europeans grew to despise the peoples they dominated.
question
What contributed to changing European views of Africans and Asians in the nineteenth century?
answer
Europeans developed a new secular arrogance based on their economic accomplishments associated with industrialization.
question
Over time, on whom did the Europeans increasingly depend to rule their colonies, often at the expense of traditional elites?
answer
They depended on Western-educated members of the local society.
question
Which of the following best characterizes the response of most Asian and African societies to European conquests in the nineteenth century?
answer
The responses covered a wide range from active resistance to accommodation.
question
Which is true of cash-crop agriculture in European colonial empires during the nineteenth century?
answer
Cash-crop agriculture sometimes led to environmental problems.
question
In what way was the conversion of non-Muslim Africa to Christianity similar to the conversion of the Americas in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?
answer
Military defeat shook confidence in the old gods and local practices.
question
Which of the following was a reason for Europe's colonial expansion in the long nineteenth century?
answer
The need for markets to sell European manufactured products
question
What about the European colonial empires of the nineteenth century reflected earlier European imperial creations of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?
answer
They enlisted the cooperation of subject peoples.
question
What was a distinctive feature of cash-crop cocoa production in West Africa under European colonial rule?
answer
African farmers not their colonial rulers took the initiative to develop cocoa production.
question
How did the British rule deepen the divisions between Muslim and Hindu communities in India?
answer
Some Indians opposed to British rule began to define India in Hindu terms.
question
What role did gender play in European imperialism during the nineteenth century?
answer
Traditional European ideas about the inferiority of women were associated with male people of color.
question
In what way was the nineteenth-century European notion of empire distinctive from earlier empires in world history?
answer
It included much greater penetration into the daily lives of subject peoples.
question
Cultural reactions of indigenous peoples to European rule included
answer
cooperation with the imperial power by many members of the indigenous ruling classes.
question
In what way could imperialism solve class conflicts within industrializing Europe?
answer
Class conflicts could be solved by providing markets for European manufactured goods and thus keeping workers within Europe fully employed.
question
Which of the following reflects a European colonial policy in the late nineteenth century that ran counter to their practices at home?
answer
European reluctance to encourage urban growth, industrialization, individual values, and religious skepticism in their colonies
question
Why did ordinary Europeans come to care whether their country gained new territories around the globe?
answer
Many Europeans became swept up in mass nationalism.
question
What was the Boer War (1899-1902)?
answer
A South African war between Britain and the descendants of Dutch settlers
question
What could local elites who did not openly rebel against European overlords hope for?
answer
They could hope to maintain much of their social status and privileges by serving as an intermediary between their community and the colonial power.
question
What separated African society from European society according to Edward Blyden, the West African born in the West Indies and educated in the United States who later became a political official in Liberia?
answer
That African societies possessed profound religious sensibilities, whereas European societies had lost such sensibilities over previous centuries in their pursuit of material gain.
question
Which colonial region experienced the least conversion to Christianity in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries?
answer
Muslim regions of Africa
question
What was an important outcome in terms of development for the colonies of European empires during the nineteenth century?
answer
Elements of the European modernizing process were conveyed to their colonies.
question
By the end of the nineteenth century in the African and Asian colonies of European powers
answer
far more land and labor were devoted to production for the global market than before.
question
What role did Hindu leaders such as Swami Vivekananda see for Indian spirituality in the face of Western culture?
answer
They believed Indian spiritual beliefs could save the West from its own dangerous materialism.
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History 101 Chapter 18 – Flashcards 50 terms
50 terms
Preview
History 101 Chapter 18 – Flashcards
question
In what way were the European empires in the nineteenth century distinctive from earlier empires in world history?
answer
Nineteenth-century European empires were able to penetrate more deeply into the daily lives of colonial subjects.
question
Which of the following is an example of a "settler colony" in the nineteenth century?
answer
Australia
question
Who was the African political leader whose empire took the French sixteen years to conquer?
answer
Samori Toure
question
Which of the following was a way that African intellectuals sought to promote the concept of "African identity"?
answer
They drew on a common experience of colonial oppression to think in broader African terms.
question
In the nineteenth century, what did Europeans use to substantiate their racial preferences and prejudices?
answer
Allegedly "scientific" methods
question
Where did missionaries have the least success in converting the local population to Christianity in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries?
answer
Muslim regions of Africa
question
What made European racism in the nineteenth century distinct from earlier periods?
answer
It was expressed in terms of modern science.
question
What advantage did a Western education give colonial subjects?
answer
Access to better-paying positions in government bureaucracies
question
In governing their colonies in the nineteenth century, Europeans relied on
answer
local elites.
question
Which of the following was an outcome of the Indian rebellion against British rule in 1857 and 1858?
answer
The British became more cautious in their efforts to change Indian society.
question
What is "social Darwinism"?
answer
The belief that superior Europeans will displace "unfit" races
question
What made imperialism so broadly popular in Europe in the last quarter of the nineteenth century?
answer
The growth of mass nationalism in Europe
question
Which innovation in 1869 made it easier and quicker for Europeans to reach Asia?
answer
Completion of the Suez Canal
question
What advantage did a Western education give colonial subjects?
answer
Access to better-paying positions in European-owned businesses
question
Which of the following is true of "social Darwinism"?
answer
Social Darwinism suggested that European dominance involved the displacement or destruction of "unfit" races.
question
What is a Maxim gun?
answer
Automatic machine gun
question
In the nineteenth century, what benefit did local elites who cooperated with their European colonial rulers gain?
answer
A means to retain their social status and privileges
question
Which country successfully avoided the colonization to which their neighbors succumbed in the nineteenth century?
answer
Japan
question
What was the Boer War (1899-1902)?
answer
A South African war between Britain and the descendants of Dutch settlers
question
How did the Gikuyu people of colonial Kenya react to the success of European missionaries in securing a ban on female circumcision in 1929?
answer
They created independent Christian churches and schools beyond the control of missionaries.
question
How did colonial economies in Africa change the role of women?
answer
New colonial economies led to a great increase in women's workload in providing subsistence for their families.
question
What new developments facilitated overseas expansion in the late nineteenth century?
answer
Underwater telegraph cables and steam-driven ships significantly improved communication.
question
In the second wave of European imperialism from 1750 to 1914, how did European powers prefer to control colonial regions?
answer
Europeans preferred informal control rather than formal control of colonial regions because it was cheaper.
question
Which country emerged as a colonial power in the nineteenth century?
answer
Belgium
question
What is "social Darwinism"?
answer
The belief that superior Europeans will displace "unfit" races
question
Who presided over the cruel forced labor system in the Congo Free State at the opening of the twentieth century?
answer
King Leopold II
question
Which of the following impeded the spread of Christianity in Europe's colonies?
answer
There was resistance to attempts to impose Christian cultural views.
question
What role did Spain and Portugal play in the second wave of European imperialism in the nineteenth century?
answer
They continued to possess colonies but were relatively minor players in the new imperial enterprise.
question
The European takeover of most of Africa is known as the
answer
"Scramble for Africa."
question
What facilitated the Dutch acquisition of Indonesia?
answer
The political fragmentation of Indonesia
question
What separated African society from European society according to Edward Blyden, the West African born in the West Indies and educated in the United States who later became a political official in Liberia?
answer
That African societies possessed profound religious sensibilities, whereas European societies had lost such sensibilities over previous centuries in their pursuit of material gain.
question
Which colony suffered a reign of terror in which millions of natives were killed and mutilated to force them to produce for the European market?
answer
Congo Free State
question
During the expansion of the United States in the nineteenth century, the United States went to war against which country?
answer
Mexico
question
Which of the following was a destination for hundreds of thousands of Chinese migrants in the nineteenth century?
answer
Australia
question
Where did missionaries have the least success in converting the local population to Christianity in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries?
answer
Muslim regions of Africa
question
What was a distinctive feature of nineteenth-century European colonial empires?
answer
European empires penetrated the societies they governed to an unprecedented extent.
question
Which is true of cash-crop agriculture in European colonial empires during the nineteenth century?
answer
Cash-crop agriculture led to environmental problems.
question
Which of the following describes a feature of European colonial administration in the nineteenth century?
answer
The reliance on local elites
question
Which of the following was a feature of the cultivation system imposed in the Netherlands East Indies during the nineteenth century?
answer
It enriched and strengthened the position of traditional local authorities that worked for the Dutch.
question
In governing their colonies in the nineteenth century, Europeans relied on
answer
local elites.
question
Which of the following was an outcome of the Indian rebellion against British rule in 1857 and 1858?
answer
The rebellion greatly widened the racial divide in colonial India.
question
In which colony did local opposition to the forced cultivation of cash crops succeed in bringing an end to the system by the early twentieth century?
answer
German East Africa
question
In what way was the conversion of non-Muslim Africa to Christianity similar to the conversion of the Americas in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?
answer
Military defeat shook confidence in the old gods and local practices.
question
Which group eventually replaced traditional elites as the main group that European powers relied on to rule their colonies?
answer
Western-educated members of the local society
question
Which of the following describes a common response of indigenous elites to European rule?
answer
Cooperation with the colonial power
question
Which country became a new colonial power in the late nineteenth century?
answer
Japan
question
What made European racism in the nineteenth century distinct from earlier periods?
answer
It was expressed in terms of modern science.
question
What contributed to European military superiority in 1750?
answer
Organization, drill and practice, and command structure
question
In the nineteenth century, what did Europeans use to substantiate their racial preferences and prejudices?
answer
Allegedly "scientific" methods
question
Which East Asian country "joined the imperialist club" in the nineteenth century by seizing control of colonies?
answer
Japan
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learning curve ch 18 – Flashcards 37 terms
37 terms
Preview
learning curve ch 18 – Flashcards
question
What new developments facilitated overseas expansion in the late nineteenth century?
answer
Underwater telegraph cables and steam-driven ships significantly improved communication.
question
What role did Spain and Portugal play in the second wave of European imperialism in the nineteenth century?`
answer
They continued to possess colonies but were relatively minor players in the new imperial enterprise.
question
How did European powers govern at the local level?
answer
They frequently relied on local elites.
question
Which colony can be described as suffering from a reign of terror in which millions of natives were killed and mutilated to force them to produce for a European market?
answer
Congo Free State
question
What was an advantage that those colonial subjects who secured a Western education enjoyed?
answer
They had access to better paying positions in European mission organizations.
question
What made imperialism so broadly popular in Europe in the last quarter of the nineteenth century?
answer
Europeans often found it more profitable to invest their capital abroad than in Europe.
question
When European imperialists attacked, what was the fate of decentralized societies that did not have a strong ruler or government, such as the small kingdoms and chiefdoms of West Africa?
answer
They faced protracted, brutal warfare and mass destruction, village by village
question
In what way was the nineteenth-century European notion of empire distinctive from earlier empires in world history?
answer
It included much greater penetration into the daily lives of subject peoples.
question
Which is true of cash-crop agriculture in European colonial empires during the nineteenth century?
answer
Cash-crop agriculture sometimes led to environmental problems.
question
Why were early hopes of some colonized people that modernization or renewal of Asian and African colonial societies through western education dashed?
answer
Europeans generally declined to treat even their Western-educated colonial subjects as equal partners in the enterprise of renewal.
question
Which of the following were used to underpin European racism in the nineteenth century?
answer
"Scientific" methods that appeared to prove that European brains are larger than those of people in other parts of the world
question
Which of the following regions experienced a takeover that was most similar to Britain's earlier colonization of North America?
answer
Australia
question
Which of the following best characterizes the response of most Asian and African societies to European conquests in the nineteenth century?
answer
The responses covered a wide range from active resistance to accommodation.
question
How were the lives of African women altered by colonial economies?
answer
Colonial economies sometimes offered women a measure of opportunity, particularly in small-scale trade and marketing that could on occasion give them considerable economic autonomy
question
What was an important outcome of Western education systems in European colonies during the nineteenth century?
answer
New cultural divide between those who possessed a Western education and those who did not
question
What made imperialism so broadly popular in Europe in the last quarter of the nineteenth century?
answer
Europe needed markets for its industrial goods.
question
Which of the following was a significant outcome of the Indian rebellion against British rule in 1857 and 1858?
answer
It greatly widened the racial divide in colonial India.
question
How were the lives of African women altered by colonial economies?
answer
Women were forced to take on traditionally male tasks in addition to their normal responsibilities.
question
Which of the following was a reason for the increasing sense of "African identity" that had developed by the end of the nineteenth century?
answer
Africans from many states increasingly felt a sense of common experience in the face of colonial oppression.
question
In what way could imperialism solve class conflicts within industrializing Europe?
answer
Class conflicts could be solved by providing markets for European manufactured goods and thus keeping workers within Europe fully employed.
question
Why did Australia, New Zealand, and Hawaii become settler colonies, in which Europeans became the vast majority of the population
answer
The native population in these places had been largely destroyed by European disease.
question
Cultural reactions of indigenous peoples to European rule included
answer
cooperation with the imperial power by many members of the indigenous ruling classes.
question
Which of the following was a distinguishing characteristic of wage labor in Africa as compared to Asia
answer
More so than in Asia Africans migrated to European farms or plantations for work
question
What made imperialism so broadly popular in Europe in the last quarter of the nineteenth century?
answer
The growth of nationalism in Europe made the acquisition of empires popular.
question
What contributed to changing European views of Africans and Asians in the nineteenth century?
answer
Europeans developed a new secular arrogance based on their economic accomplishments associated with industrialization.
question
What about the European colonial empires of the nineteenth century reflected earlier European imperial creations of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?
answer
They enlisted the cooperation of subject peoples.
question
What is "social Darwinism"?
answer
The belief that superior Europeans will inevitably destroy or displace "unfit" races
question
What made imperialism so broadly popular in Europe in the last quarter of the nineteenth century?
answer
Europe needed the raw materials of its colonies to fuel its factories.
question
Which of the following was a reason for Europe's colonial expansion in the long nineteenth century?
answer
The need for markets to sell European manufactured products
question
What made imperialism so broadly popular in Europe in the last quarter of the nineteenth century?
answer
Imperialism promised to solve the class conflicts of an industrializing society.
question
Which of the following reflects a European colonial policy in the late nineteenth century that ran counter to their practices at home
answer
European reluctance to encourage urban growth, industrialization, individual values, and religious skepticism in their colonies
question
Which of the following statements is true about gender attitudes with regard to nineteenth-century imperialism?
answer
European colonizers took pride in their "active masculinity" and defined subject peoples as soft and effeminate.
question
When European imperialists attacked, what was the fate of decentralized societies that did not have a strong ruler or government, such as the small kingdoms and chiefdoms of West Africa
answer
They faced protracted, brutal warfare and mass destruction, village by village.
question
Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between European colonial policies and core political values at home?
answer
Europeans did not spread their political values in any meaningful way to their colonies
question
Over time, on whom did the Europeans increasingly depend to rule their colonies, often at the expense of traditional elites?
answer
They depended on Western-educated members of the local society.
question
Which of the following statements is true about European imperialism?
answer
It led to European secular arrogance, as Europeans grew to despise the peoples they dominated.
question
Why did ordinary Europeans come to care whether their country gained new territories around the globe?
answer
Many Europeans became swept up in mass nationalism
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Great Dying/Colonial Empires – Flashcards 121 terms
121 terms
Preview
Great Dying/Colonial Empires – Flashcards
question
the European Acquisition of European empires was
answer
a significant event
question
Native American Societies didn't have natural immunities to diseases of the world such as
answer
small pox, measles, and the flu
question
the Europeans had developed some immunities to these diseases bc the diseases stemmed from animals and
answer
the Europeans would sleep with their animals
question
When the Native Americans came in contact with European or African diseases the Native American people
answer
died off in huge numbers
question
on the densely settled Caribbean islands almost every
answer
Native American died
question
Hispaniola would be completely wiped out by diseases within
answer
50 years of Columbus finding it
question
10 million to 1 million people was the population of America, it decreased bc
answer
Native Americans dying
question
With all these deaths there will be a
answer
social breakdown
question
many people died from a famine bc they were
answer
too weak to go outside and tend to the crops
question
the situation was the same in N. America and
answer
S. America
question
there were some Europeans who saw the great dying off as
answer
the working of God
question
they though this was God saying that the Europeans coming to the land and taking over and God was making it easier
answer
by letting the Native die
question
wont be until the late part of the 17th century when the
answer
Natives would start to reemerge
question
this great dying created an
answer
acute labor shortage
question
this labor shortage in turn encouraged immigrants from Europe to
answer
come to America
question
the labor shortage was also partially responsible for the enslaving and
answer
bringing Africans to the new world
question
intermarriage and the birth of children would
answer
occur
question
this intermarriage and birth would lead to
answer
the creation of whole new societies that had not previously existed
question
Europeans and Africans brought more than diseases to the new world, they also brought
answer
1. plants 2. Europeans brought animals such as cows, sheep, and goats 3. Europeans brought sugar cane, grapes, and many garden vegetables like apples, pears
question
these crops that they brought would
answer
transform the landscape
question
these crops made possible the
answer
European diet and way of life
question
these crops were successful in North America because
answer
of the latitude
question
these animals they brought multiplied easily bc the land was
answer
free of natural predators
question
these animals made possible the
answer
ranching economies and the cowboy style
question
horses transformed many
answer
native American societies
question
Pawnee Indians were a farming culture, they did not
answer
hunt
question
when the Pawnee Indians got a hold of horses they abandoned their
answer
fields and had the horses hunt bison
question
the Pawnee women lost their place in Pawnee society bc they had no job now that
answer
the bison was the main market
question
bc of the hunting of Bison a male warrior culture became
answer
a thing
question
the Columbian exchange is the
answer
bringing of animals and plants
question
American food crops such as __________, _____________, ______________, and ___________ would find their way to the old world to Africa and to Europe
answer
1. corn 2. tomatoes 3. potatoes 4. cassava
question
these crops grew quite well in
answer
Europe and Africa
question
the potato would become the sole food of the majority of people in
answer
Europe
question
Blight
answer
a fungus that was in potato crops. A 5 year period where there would be little potatoes that were grown.
question
the potato famine was also known as
answer
the great hunger
question
in Africa there were
answer
potatoes and cassava
question
the European word for corn is
answer
maize
question
the term corn in Europe refers to grains like
answer
wheat, rye, and barley
question
the Europeans think of corn not as a food for humans but food for
answer
animals
question
tomatoes were a product that came from the Americas to
answer
Europe
question
tomatoes were regarded as something women could not or should not eat bc it was seen as too
answer
sexual a product
question
it was seen that if women ate a tomato they would become over
answer
sexed
question
there were stimulants like _______, ________, _________, they made their way from the new world to the old world
answer
1. coffee 2. chocolate 3. tobacco
question
these stimulants would become very
answer
popular
question
this Columbian exchange played an important role in
answer
food and animals
question
in the new world there were
answer
enormous silver mines
question
the silver mines would be used by Spain unsuccessfully in an
answer
attempt to dominate Europe
question
the Chinese participated in this global exchange by
answer
1. they would demand payment in silver and gold from Europeans for anything they got from China 2. the Europeans wanted the porcelain and tea that the Chinese produced
question
As the Europeans colonize we will see North and South America setting up plantations to grow items that were desired in the old world such as
answer
tobacco, sugar cane
question
they needed workers for the plantations, these workers would be
answer
the African slaves
question
the slave trade was a
answer
race based slavery
question
they brought workers from
answer
Africa to the colonies
question
the slaves worked on
answer
sugar, tobacco, and cotton plantations
question
the slave trade provided a lasting link between
answer
Africa, Europe,and the Americas
question
the Columbian exchange gave rise to something new which was an
answer
economy that connected 4 different economies
question
the 4 different economies that it connected were
answer
N. America S. America Europe Africa kind of Asia
question
millions of years ago the continents had been connected, but then they drifted a part and remained separate until
answer
Columbus' voyage to the new world
question
the colonization, the products that the plantations would generate would lead to a connective that would lead to
answer
an explosion in the economy
question
this explosion did not affect all people equally, for example
answer
1. Africans were enslaved 2. Native Americans land as taken from them 3. it will be the western Europeans who will be the dominant players in this relationship
question
there will be ways of thinking that come about such as
answer
the scientific revolution
question
the wealth that will be generated will provide the wealth for the
answer
industrial revolution that will occur
question
vast numbers of Europeans would immigrate to the
answer
Americas
question
this would represent and extension of European civilization
answer
question
the Europeans brought their way of life and way of thinking to the
answer
new world
question
western Europe would come to be the
answer
dominant force
question
Colonial Empires
answer
question
whole new societies as a result of so many natives dying off and the introduction of European and
answer
African people in their culture
question
the Europeans would develop an economic system called
answer
Mercantilism
question
Mercantilism
answer
was the belief that economies provided a market as well as raw materials for the country
question
under the system of Mercantilism the goal of a European country was to accumulate as much
answer
gold and silver as possible
question
Bullion
answer
accumulating as much gold and silver as possible
question
a country that had a lot of bullion was
answer
wealthy
question
Mercantilism was very important to the English and French but it was not important to the
answer
Spanish
question
Mercantilism was not important to the Spanish bc
answer
they had very few manufactured goods to sell
question
by kicking out the Jews and Muslims meant that the Spanish had lost their
answer
root of craft
question
the French, Dutch, and the British had
answer
lumber, fish, changing sugar cane to rum, tobacco
question
the French, Dutch, and British used these goods to make
answer
finished goods
question
cotton to make cloth to make shirts and dresses etc
answer
question
lumber was used for
answer
ship building and furniture
question
tobacco was packaged and treated to be able to
answer
use for smoking or the making of cigars
question
French, British, and Dutch they made manufactured goods in their countries and then
answer
sold them in their markets
question
there were a lot of variations in the
answer
colonial empires
question
South American societies tend to be densely populated where as N. America was spread out
answer
question
the types of settlements that existed in the colonies also made a
answer
difference
question
women and men had different experiences in
answer
these colonies
question
women in the Spanish colonies would find the role they play very
answer
small
question
in Spanish colonies there were very few women who
answer
immigrated to the new world
question
in N. America colonies had much more of a
answer
bringing over
question
the Spanish conquest of the Aztec and Inca gave the Spanish access to the most
answer
populated areas in the western hemisphere
question
it would be almost a century after the Spanish begin colonizing the Americans that the
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British and French would become involved
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tehSp
answer
question
the Spanish had already founded a dozen major cities and universities and a bureaucracy and hundreds of cathedrals and churches that were operated efficiently before
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the French even got there
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this gave the Spanish a head start
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question
so why didn't the Spanish become the world power since they were so ahead?
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1. bc the Spanish did not develop a system of manufacturing in Spain itself so that they could take advantage of the natural resources they own 2. Also the Spanish were not willing to grant self-government to their colonies 3. they relied primarily or native workers to work in the mines and ultimately this proved to be unsuccessful
question
the system the Spanish put in place was
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Encomienda
question
Encomienda
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a legal system in which the Spanish King granted to Spanish settlers a number of people they could employ
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they were supposed to treat the natives respectively and instruct then in the
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Christian faith
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many Indians refused to
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work for the Spanish
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male Spanish settlers were the
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Peninsulares
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the male Spanish regarded themselves as
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residents of spain
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Peninsulares
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those who lived in the Americas but were from Spain
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the list goes
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1. Spanish male officials 2. Peninsulares 3. Creoles 4. Indians
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Creoles are
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Spaniards born in the new world - children
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strict rules of what women could and couldn't do
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question
they really cared about the purity of their blood making sure
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that their offspring was not contaminated with the sex of someone who had native American or indian blood
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Mestizos
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mixed race of people
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Mestizos are initially unions of
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Spanish men and Native American women
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Mestizos felt that their children might be protected by the
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harsh demands made on native people
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Mestizos were treated better than
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full blooded Native Americans
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Mestizos would become the
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majority of Mexico
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Mestizos were divided into
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Castas by skin color
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the lighter the skin the higher the cast
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the more European looking their facial features were the higher they were
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question
Mestizos were mostly
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Hispanic
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a number of Mestizos had become quite wealthy at a point in time
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question
Indians were subject to
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a lot of abuse
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Indian women were defined by Spanish legal codes as
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minors - not responsible adults
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women had very few if any rights
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question
the diet of Native Americans did not change it was
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corn, beans, and squash
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Indians who acquired wealth and an education and acquire some European culture they could
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pass as Mestizos
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was a more fluid and culturally blended society than in
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North America
AP World History
Congo Free State
East India Company
Joint Stock Company
Physical Geography-Human Environment Interaction – Flashcards 8 terms
8 terms
Preview
Physical Geography-Human Environment Interaction – Flashcards
question
Know the location of the Suez canal and the names of adjacent bodies of water.
answer
The Suez canal is located in Egypt where it connects to the Mediterranean Sea to the Red sea.
question
Explain how climate and the location of water sources affect the location of population centers(where people live) in NA & SWA.
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The location of population centers are unevenly distributed over the region.
question
Explain who is buying into Dubai's land reclamation project.
answer
A growing wealthy population are buying high end housing in Dubai's land reclamation project.
question
What are the most important resources on the Arabian Peninsula?
answer
Freshwater and Oil
question
Explain why countries such as Saudi Arabia are investing in desalination plants.
answer
Saudi Arabia and other SWA countries are investing in desalination plants in order to meet the demand of water for a expanding population.
question
Describe two environmental factors which affect where Egyptians live.
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Two environmental factors that affect where Egyptians live are the Sahara and the Nile.
question
Which ethic group has made their home in the Sahara?
answer
The Berbers continue to live in Sahara as a means of maintaining their cultural traditions.
question
Describe the Dead sea. (3 characteristics)
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1.Extremely salty 2.Bacteria grows 3.Bathers float
A Level History
AP European History
Congo Free State
Trans Siberian Railway
AP Euro Unit VI – Flashcards 20 terms
20 terms
Preview
AP Euro Unit VI – Flashcards
question
8. What was the first and most important of the Great Reforms in Russia?
answer
Abolition of sefdom
question
9. Louis Napoleon's great success with the economy and included which of the following?
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Encouraging new investment banks and railroad construction
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12. Ottoman reformers launched a series of radical reforms in the 19 century known as the
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Tanzimat
question
13. The events that directly prompted the Great Reforms in Russia, including the emancipation of serfs, was the
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Defeat in the Crimean war of 1853-1856
question
18. Theodore Herzel was
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The founder of the Zionist Jewish national movement
question
19. Why did the conservative Bismarck pioneer the creation of an expansive system of social welfare?
answer
He sought to blunt the attraction of socialism to the working classes and give them a small stake in the existing political system.
question
20. Which best characterizes the political goal of the creation of free, compulsory, elementary education in France?
answer
To act as a nation - building tool in which all children would be taught secular, republican views
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24. The Dreyfus affair
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Revived republican distrust of Catholicism
question
25. Unlike other political parties, the Marxian Socialists
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Organize themselves into an international organization
question
27. Who were the Red Shirts in 19th century Italy?
answer
Giuseppe Garibaldi's guerrilla army involved in the invasion of Sicily in 1860
question
29. Who were the Young Turks?
answer
Fervent patriots who seized power in the Revolution of 1908 in the Ottoman Empire
question
31. In "On the Inequality of the Human Races" (1854), Count Arthur de Gobineau divided humanity into white, black, and yellow races and
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Championed the "Aryan race" for its supposedly superior qualities
question
36. Rudyard Kipling's "white man's burden" referred to
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The white race's supposed duty to "civilize" inferior, nonwhite races. E) the high costs of maintaining colonial rule.
question
37. The Berlin Conference of 1884-1885
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Set up the terms for the division of most of Africa among European colonial powers.
question
38. The Boxer Rebellion was
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A rebellion of traditionalist Chinese patriots who wished to expel all Westerners from China.
question
40. The principle by which the European powers established their claim to an African territory was known as
answer
Effective occupation
question
41. What was the goal of the new imperialism of the late nineteenth century?
answer
To create large political empires
question
47. What belief drove native opponents to European colonial rule?
answer
The nationalist assertion that every people had a right to control their destiny
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50. What was "nativism" in the 19th century?
answer
Beliefs and policies that gave preferential treatment to established inhabitants over immigrants
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51. What medication proved to bee effective in controlling malaria and allowed Europeans to venture into the mosquito-infested interior of Africa?
answer
Quinine
