Photography is a very complex form of art, which uses standard chemicals and scientific equations. It is a chemical reaction, which occurs when light hits a film or paper emulsion. An emulsion is part of the film or paper, which is very sensitive to light. This is also the part where the chemical reaction takes […]

Clinical Chemistry Tests In Medicine Of the diagnostic methods available to veterinarians, the clinical chemistry test has developed into a valuable aid for localizing pathologic conditions. This test is actually a collection of specially selected individual tests. With just a small amount of whole blood or serum, many body systems can be analyzed. Some of […]

Of the diagnostic methods available to veterinarians, the clinical chemistry test has developed into a valuable aid for localizing pathologic conditions. This test is actually a collection of specially selected individual tests. With just a small amount of whole blood or serum, many body systems can be analyzed. Some of the more common screenings give […]

Alcohols are generally represented by the formula R-OH (Elsheimer, 2000). R represents an alkyl group. Alcohols are classified as primary secondary or tertiary. Alcohols compounds have a hydroxyl group bonded to an sp3 hybridized carbon article. The most common alcohol compound is ethanol.These compounds have a hydroxyl group bonded to an aromatic hydrocarbon group. The […]

sterioisomers Same molecular formula, connectivity and functional groups; but differ in the 3D arrangments of the atoms Constitutional Isomers Same molecular formula, but different connectivity For two molecules to be in equilbrium… If Trans: 2 substituents will be on opposite sides of the ring If Cis: 2 substituents will be on the same side of […]

matter anything that occupies space and has mass element a pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions compound substance containing two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio atom the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of the element proton subatomic particle having a […]

In glycolysis, why is MgATP used instead of just ATP for the hexokinase reaction? -Mg2 shields the negative charges of two of the phosphate oxygen atoms of ATP. -Mg2 makes the γ (terminal) phosphorus atom of ATP more accessible to nucleophilic attack by a glucose -OH group. The galactose derivative that enters the glycolytic pathway […]

kinetic molecular theory explains gas behavior. gases made of tiny particles far apart relative to their size. particles are in continuous random motion. no force of attraction or repulsion between particles. average kinetic energy of particles depends on temperature. elastic collisions collisions between particles and container or other particles ideal gas hypothetical gas whose P, […]

Foulden common has a variety of different habitats including grassland, young woodland, ponds, swamps, fenland, set-a-side and streams which enables a diverse range of organisms to be present in an area. Life for plants and animals in any medium is a constant struggle. Besides the physical environment, predators, parasites and other competitors that have to […]

Biofuels are produced from vegetable matter and they account for 15% of the world’s energy production. These are mainly used in LEDC’s(Less economically developed countries) for cooking and heating. For example oilseed rape can be converted into biodiesel fuel. Now scientists are interested in biofuels for transport.Italy produces some of it’s diesel form rape seed […]