Final Exam Business Ethics Chapters 1 – 12 – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
In the Regan/Bush eras, the major focus of the business world was on
answer
self-regulation rather than regulation by government
question
Business ethics as a field, has passed through which of the following states?
answer
Theological discussion to recognition of social issues to a field of study
question
The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Outlawed
answer
Bribery of officials in other countries
question
Principles Are
answer
Specific and pervasive boundaries for behavior that are universal and absolute
question
Which of the following is not one of the benefits of being ethical and socially responsible in business
answer
A high degree of employee dissent
question
Ethical culture is defined as
answer
Acceptable behavior as defined by the company and industry
question
Which of the following is not cited as an example of a global collaborative effort to establish standards of business conduct?
answer
United States Sentencing Commission
question
Which of the following was not a provision of the Sarbanes Oxley Act?
answer
It outlawed bribery of officials in other countries
question
Which of the following is not something a firm might do to encourage organizational ethics and compliance?
answer
Ignoring potential ethical issues
question
One of the major ethical issues President Obama's administration focused on was
answer
health care and consumer protection
question
Which of the following is not one of the rights spelled out by John F. Kennedy in his "Consumers" Bill of Rights?
answer
The right to be ethical
question
Most organizations with strong ethical climates usually focus on the core value of placing _____ interests first.
answer
customers'
question
Which represented a far-reaching change to organizational control and accounting systems, making securities fraud a criminal offense?
answer
Sarbanes-Oxley Act
question
Social Responsibility is
answer
An organization's obligation to maximize its positive effects and minimize its negative effects on stakeholders
question
The study of business ethics is important to better understand all of the following except
answer
That business ethics is entirely an extension of an individual's own personal ethics
question
_____ is essential in building long-term relationships between businesses and consumers
answer
Trust
question
Which of the following was developed in the 1980's to guide corporate support for ethical conduct by establishing a method for discussing best practices?
answer
Defense Industry Initiative on Business Ethics and Conduct
question
Investors are concerned about business ethics because they know that misconduct can
answer
lower stock value and prices
question
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
answer
Was designed to make the financial services industry officers
question
Employees feel less pressure to compromise ethically, observe less misconduct, are more satisfied with their organizations, and feel more valued when
answer
they see honesty, respect, and trust applied in the workplace
question
The degree to which a firm understands and addresses stakeholder demands can be referred to as
answer
A stakeholder orientation
question
Board members being linked to more than one company is an example of
answer
Interlocking directorate
question
The ________ model is founded in classic economic precepts
answer
Shareholder
question
A stakeholder group that is absolutely necessary for a firm's survival is defined as
answer
primary
question
Which of the following is not a method typically employed by firms when researching relevant stakeholder groups?
answer
Guessing
question
When unethical acts are discovered in a firm, in most instances
answer
there was knowing cooperation or complicity from within the company
question
Accountability, oversight, and control all fall under the definition and implementation of corporate
answer
governance
question
A Firm that makes use of a _____ recognizes other stakeholders beyond investors, employees, and suppliers, and explicitly acknowledges the two-way dialog that exists between a firm's internal and external environments.
answer
stakeholder interaction model
question
In corporate governance, is the process of auditing and improving organizational decisions and actions
answer
control
question
Which of the following do not typically engage in transactions with a company and thus are not essential for its survival?
answer
secondary stakeholders
question
Stakeholders' power over businesses stems from their
answer
ability to withdraw or withhold resources
question
Why do critics argue that high compensation for boards of directors is a bad thing?
answer
It could cause conflicts of interest between the directors and the organization
question
The first of the three activities that are associated with the stakeholder orientation is the
answer
organization-wide generation of data
question
what is the first step in implementing a stakeholder perspective in an organization?
answer
Assessing the corporate culture
question
Which of the following industries tends to generate a high level of trust from consumers and stakeholders?
answer
technology
question
Minimizing the use of energy and reducing emissions and waste are issues of importance to which stakeholder?
answer
Environmental groups
question
One policy to address the issue of executive pay was implemented by J.P. Morgan, it stated that __________
answer
Managers should earn no more than twenty times the pay of other employees
question
Shareholders provide resources to an organization that are critical to long term success. Which of the following does the book suggest that suppliers offer?
answer
Material resources and/or intangible knowledge
question
Which of the following is not associated with the stakeholder interaction model?
answer
Identifies the mass media, special interest groups, competitors, and trade associations as primary stakeholders
question
The specific steps for implementing the stakeholder perspective do not include which of the following?
answer
Identifying and gaining government feedback
question
_____ involves tricking individuals into revealing their passwords or other valuable corporate information.
answer
Social engineering
question
_____ are used to obtain or retain business and are not generally considered illegal in the U.S.
answer
Facilitation payments
question
Optimization is defined as
answer
a trade-off between equity and efficiency.
question
Accountants must abide by a strict code of ethics that defines their responsibilities to
answer
their clients and the public interest.
question
A company can be sued for discrimination if it
answer
uses age as a hiring or firing criterion.
question
_____ is defined as any purposeful communication that deceives, manipulates, or conceals facts in order to create a false impression.
answer
Fraud
question
Ethical issues in business typically arise because of conflicts between individuals' personal moral philosophies and values and the
answer
values and attitudes of the organization in which they work and the society in which they live.
question
Which of the following statements is most correct?
answer
Affirmative action programs involve efforts to recruit, hire, train, and promote qualified individuals from groups that have traditionally been discriminated against on the basis of race, gender, or other characteristics.
question
The _____ makes it illegal for individuals, firms, or third parties doing business in American markets to "make payments to foreign government officials to assist in obtaining or retaining business."
answer
U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA)
question
What type of fraudulent activity could involve a consumer staging an accident to seek damages?
answer
Duplicity
question
_____ is an important element of virtue and means being whole, sound, and in unimpaired condition.
answer
Integrity
question
The first step toward understanding business ethics is to
answer
develop ethical-issue awareness.
question
Concerns involving copyright infringement on books, movies and music, and other illegally produced goods relate to which type of ethical issue?
answer
Intellectual property rights
question
Among retail stores, _____ is a larger problem than customer shoplifting.
answer
internal employee theft
question
Prior to the financial meltdown, bond ratings agencies were accused of having ______________ because they were paid by the organizations that they rated. The organizations would shop around for the agency that gave them the best rating.
answer
conflicts of interest
question
Which of the following is not a question you need to ask when you suspect that workplace bullying has occurred?
answer
Is your boss treating you well and compensating you adequately?
question
Which of the following is not a consequence of ethical misconduct?
answer
Increased sales
question
What type of fraud involves intentional deception on the part of an individual or group in order to derive an unfair economic advantage over an organization?
answer
Consumer
question
Conflicts of interest exist when employees must choose whether to
answer
advance their own personal interests, those of the organization, or those of some other group.
question
In marketing communications, lying causes predicaments for companies because it destroys
answer
trust.
question
Which is not one of the four sources of criminal and civil laws?
answer
Judicial law
question
Companies that _____ will most likely be found in violation of procompetitive legislation.
answer
establish monopolies
question
Which of the following groups is not a group that receives special legal protections?
answer
The highly educated
question
An ethical organizational culture creates an environment in which to structure behavior that is then evaluated by stakeholders. The key elements of an organizational culture include all of the following except
answer
employee compensation
question
Who provides information to managers, investors, tax authorities, and other stakeholders who make resource allocation decisions for corporations?
answer
Accountants
question
Laws and regulations change over time; however, in the United States the thrust of most business legislation can be summed up as
answer
any practice is permitted that does not substantially reduce competition and harm consumers or society.
question
The _____ regulates tobacco, dietary supplements, vaccines, veterinary drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, products that give off radiation, and biological products.
answer
The Food and Drug Administration
question
Donation of computer equipment to schools by Toshiba would be associated with _____ responsibilities.
answer
voluntary
question
Passed by Congress in 1991, the _____ created incentives for organizations to develop and implement ethical compliance programs.
answer
Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations
question
Part of the reason why credit ratings firms did not catch major problems prior to the global financial meltdown of 2008 was because they were paid by the firms that they rank, which creates
answer
a conflict of interest.
question
Which of the following is not an aspect of the institutionalization of social responsibility?
answer
Familial responsibilities
question
Anticompetitive strategies that focus on weakening or destroying a competitor have spurred antitrust legislation and include all of the following except
answer
free samples.
question
Which of the following acts can be classified as procompetitive legislation?
answer
Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890
question
The primary objective of U.S. antitrust laws is to
answer
distinguish competitive strategies that enhance consumer welfare from those that reduce it.
question
is the synergistic and mutually beneficial use of an organization's core competencies and resources to deal with key stakeholders so as to bring about organizational and societal benefits.
answer
Strategic philanthropy
question
The _____ was established after the latest financial crisis, in response to a situation that caused many consumers to lose their homes.
answer
Consumer Financial Protection Agency
question
_____ responsibilities relate to a business's contributions to stakeholders.
answer
Voluntary
question
The _____ is an independent agency within the Federal Reserve System that "regulate[s] the offering and provision of consumer financial products or services under the Federal consumer financial laws."
answer
Consumer Financial Protection Agency
question
he Sarbanes-Oxley Act created the _____ to oversee the accounting firms that audit public corporations and to establish rules and standards for auditing.
answer
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
question
_____ focus(es) on developing sound organizational practices and integrity for financial and nonfinancial performance measures, rather than on an individual's morals.
answer
Core practices
question
The _____ can be defined as a set of values, norms, and artifacts, including ways of solving problems shared by members of an organization.
answer
corporate culture
question
An ethical corporate culture needs _____ along with _____ to establish an ethics program and monitor the complex ethical decisions being made by employees .
answer
shared values; proper oversight
question
High levels of _________ create a higher probability that firms cut corners because margins are usually low.
answer
Competition
question
_____ have been found to decrease unethical practices and increase positive work behavior.
answer
Good personal values
question
Research concerning nationality and the ability to make ethical decisions
answer
is hard to interpret in a business context because of cultural differences.
question
_____ involves subordinates simply following the directives of a superior without question. It demonstrates the influence that significant others can exert in the workplace.
answer
Obedience to authority
question
All of the following are true with regards to organizational factors except
answer
Employees approach ethical issues on the basis of what they learned from others in the
question
For people who begin the value shift that leads to unethical decisions, which of the following is not a usual justification to reduce and eliminate guilt?
answer
This is in keeping with my personal morals and the code of conduct, so it is okay.
question
Values have all the following characteristics except
answer
Widely accepted
question
The ethical decision making process in business includes all of the following except
answer
Making ethical decisions
question
Normative business ethics takes into account the _______ realities outside the legal realm in the form of industry standards.
answer
Political
question
Which of the following is not an individual factor that affects business ethics?
answer
Significant others
question
The thought experiment used by John Rawls that examined how individuals would formulate principles if they did not know what their future position in society would be is called
answer
Equality principle
question
Which of the following is the first step in the ethical decision making process?
answer
Recognizing that an issue requires an individual or work group to make a choice that ultimately will be judged by stakeholders as right or wrong
question
Which of the following is not an issue that helps in business ethics evaluations and decisions?
answer
Personal guilt
question
Which of the following is not considered a significant other group in the workplace?
answer
Spouses
question
_____ culture involves values and norms that prescribe a wide range of behavior for organizational members, while ______ culture reflects the integrity of decisions made and is a function of many factors, including corporate policies, top management's leadership on ethical issues, the influence of coworkers, and the opportunity for unethical behavior.
answer
Corporate, ethical
question
______ is the ability to perceive whether a situation or decision has an ethical dimension.
answer
Ethical awareness
question
According to the ethical decision-making framework, the absence of punishment provides a(n) _____ for unethical behavior.
answer
opportunity
question
Codes, rules, and compliance are essential in organizations. However, an organization built on _____ is more likely to develop a high integrity corporate culture.
answer
informal relationships
question
_____ argues that ethical behavior involves not only adhering to conventional moral standards but also considering what a mature person with a "good" moral character would deem appropriate.
answer
Virtue ethics
question
_____ believe that no one thing is intrinsically good.
answer
Pluralists
question
Kant's categorical imperative and the Golden Rule are examples of which moral philosophy?
answer
Deontology
question
A central problem with virtue ethics is
answer
that it emphasizes people's differences, not similarities.
question
Which moral perspective defines ethical behavior subjectively from the unique experiences of individuals and groups?
answer
The relativist perspective
question
A person who offers a facilitation payment in order to secure a contract that will keep her company from going bankrupt and laying off hundreds of employees may be a(n)
answer
utilitarian.
question
Which is not considered a white collar crime?
answer
Mugging someone
question
An individual who defines what is right by considering his/her duty to society, not just to other specific people, is in which of Kohlberg's stages of cognitive moral development?
answer
Social system and conscience maintenance
question
An individual who believes that an action is ethical because others within his or her company and industry regularly engage in the activity is probably a(n)
answer
relativist.
question
Which is the last of Kohlberg's stages of cognitive moral development?
answer
Universal ethical principles
question
An individual who emphasizes others rather than himself or herself in making decisions is in which of the following of Kohlberg's stages of development?
answer
Mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity (3rd stage)
question
Moral philosophy refers to
answer
the principles or rules that people use to decide what is right and wrong.
question
Through time an act can come to be viewed as unethical under which of the following philosophies and perspectives?
answer
The relativist perspective
question
_____ typically focuses on the end result of actions and happiness created by them, whereas _____ emphasizes the means and motives by which actions are justified.
answer
A goodness theory; an obligation theory
question
___ deals with the issue of what individuals feel they are due based on their rights and performance in the workplace, and therefore is more likely to be based on deontological moral philosophies than on teleological or utilitarian ones.
answer
Justice
question
_____ are person-specific, whereas _____ are based on decisions made by groups or when carrying out tasks to meet business objectives.
answer
Moral philosophies; business ethics
question
Which moral philosophy evaluates the morality of an action on the basis of principles or rules designed to promote the greatest overall utility rather than by examining situations individually?
answer
Rule utilitarianism
question
When a person defines right and wrong on the basis of legal contracts, he or she is using which of Kohlberg's stages of development?
answer
Prior rights, social contract, or utility (5th stage)
question
Eric views animal research in the pharmaceutical industry as a way to improve drugs that will benefit mankind. Which moral philosophy most closely represents his viewpoint?
answer
Utilitarianism
question
Which moral philosophy evaluates the morality of an action on the basis of the equity, fairness, and impartiality of the action, with rules serving as guidelines in the decision-making process?
answer
Act deontology
question
Both individual ethics and organizational ethics have an impact on an employee's
answer
ethical intention.
question
Over the years, scholars have developed more than 100 definitions of culture. According to the text, all have the following common elements:
answer
Culture is shared, relatively stable, and is formed over a long period of time.
question
_____ bring together the functional expertise of employees from several different areas of the organization on a single project.
answer
Teams
question
The 2010 passage of the Dodd-Frank Act proposed additional monetary incentives for whistle-blowers. A primary concern about these new incentives is
answer
whistle-blowers might be tempted to report to the SEC with their reports and not report the misconduct to the company's internal compliance program.
question
Which of the following is not a characteristic of an ethical corporate culture?
answer
Management conducts itself in a way that is not consistent with the code of conduct.
question
When developing an ethical culture, there has to be a(n) _____ element because every organization has employees that will try to take advantage if there is an opportunity for misconduct.
answer
compliance
question
In order for whistle-blowing to be effective,
answer
it requires that the individual have adequate knowledge of wrongdoing that could damage society.
question
Management's sense of the organization's culture
answer
may be quite different from employees' perceptions.
question
Expert power usually stems from
answer
a superior's credibility with his or her subordinates.
question
Although both structures can create opportunities for unethical conduct, which organizational structure tends to be more ethical?
answer
Centralized
question
Associating with others who are unethical and who have the opportunity to act unethically can lead to a learning process known as
answer
differential association.
question
Individuals, often from the same department, who band together for purposes that may or may not be relevant to the organization are called
answer
informal groups.
question
The _____ leader demands instantaneous obedience and focuses on punishing wrong behavior, achievement, initiative, and self-control.
answer
coercive
question
Which of the following cultures combines high levels of concern for people and performance?
answer
Integrative culture
question
An organization that delegates decision-making authority as far down the chain of command as possible and has relatively few formal rules is
answer
decentralized.
question
Which of the following statements about corporate culture is false?
answer
The values and ethical beliefs that actually guide the firm's employees tend not to be the same ones that management states as defining the firm's culture.
question
To motivate employees, an organization offers _____ to _____ employees to work toward organizational objectives.
answer
incentives; encourage
question
Which of the following statements about group norms is false?
answer
Group norms never conflict with the overall organization's culture.
question
The apathetic organizational culture exhibits
answer
minimal concern for people and performance.
question
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act
answer
has institutionalized internal whistle-blowing.
question
One of the main reasons employees do not report observed misconduct is
answer
fear of retaliation.
question
The ultimate "stick" associated with the FSGO is fines or probation, which involves on-site observation by consultants, monitoring of the company's ethical compliance efforts, and
answer
reporting to the U.S. Sentencing Commission on the company's progress in avoiding misconduct.
question
Which of the following statements about training is false?
answer
It can dictate personal ethics on the job.
question
To ensure that an ethics program addresses the needs of the average employee, it should include all of the following except
answer
lengthy legal documents.
question
Which of the following is the most comprehensive?
answer
Code of ethics
question
serve as a central contact point where critical comments, dilemmas, and advice can be assigned to the person most appropriate for handling a specific case.
answer
Hotlines
question
Which of the following is not an advantage of having a comprehensive code of conduct?
answer
To help employees fight for satisfactory levels of compensation and benefits.
question
Organizational _____ can contribute to diminished employee trust and increased employee turnover.
answer
misconduct
question
In the long run, a(n) ______ orientation may be better for companies, perhaps because it increases employees' awareness of ethics issues at work.
answer
values
question
_____ are formal statements that describe what an organization expects of its employees in terms of ethical behavior.
answer
Codes of conduct
question
A(n) _____ orientation creates order by requiring that employees identify with and commit to specific required conduct, whereas a(n) _____ orientation strives to develop shared standards.
answer
compliance; values
question
Which of the following statements about codes of conduct is false?
answer
They guarantee an ethical business climate.
question
With regard to ethics, training and communication initiatives should reflect
answer
the unique characteristics of an organization.
question
Because top managers may be more insensitive to ethical issues due to their focus on financial performance, the FSGO guidelines suggest that ethics officers report to the _____ instead.
answer
board of directors
question
Which of the following is an advantage of a values-based ethics program over a compliance-based one?
answer
Employees learn to make decisions based on values such as fairness, compassion, respect, and transparency.
question
Aurico is a company that offers ethics hotline maintenance and monitoring services for organizations. Which component of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations compliance program does this service help organizations to satisfy?
answer
Systems for monitoring, auditing, and reporting misconduct
question
Most executives feel that which of the following is the primary reason for much of the unchecked misconduct in business?
answer
Inadequate ethics and compliance programs
question
Which of the following legislation has increased the responsibilities on ethics officers and boards of directors to monitor financial reporting?
answer
Sarbanes-Oxley Act
question
Which of the following strives to create order by requiring that employees identify with and commit to specific required conduct?
answer
Compliance orientation
question
The individual responsible for implementing disciplinary action for violation of a firm's ethics standards is usually the
answer
ethics officer.
question
Which of the following statements about ethics audits is false?
answer
Social audits and ethics audits perform basically the same function, so organizations can use them interchangeably.
question
While social reports often discuss issues related to a firm's performance in the four dimensions of social responsibility, as well as to specific social responsibility and ethical issues, ethics audits have a narrower focus on assessing and reporting on a firm's performance in terms of
answer
ethical and legal conduct.
question
During which of the following steps of the ethics auditing process does an organization identify the tools or methods for measuring progress in improving employees' ethical decisions and conduct?
answer
Collect and analyze relevant information
question
Which of the following is probably the best way for a manager to provide good ethics leadership?
answer
Set a good example
question
The process of verifying the results of an audit should involve standard procedures that control the _____ of the information.
answer
reliability and validity
question
Which of the following is not a technique for collecting evidence during the ethics audit?
answer
Publishing the results of the audit
question
The word _____ implies a balanced organization that makes ethical financial decisions and also is ethical in more subjective matters of corporate culture.
answer
integrity
question
What should be the final step in the ethics auditing process?
answer
Report the findings
question
During which step of the auditing process should a firm examine all documents that make explicit commitments to ethical, legal, or social responsibility?
answer
Review organizational mission, goals, values, and policies.
question
Which of the following does not have a significant impact on the success of an ethics program?
answer
The size of the company
question
Which of the following is a possible unintended consequence of an organization's focusing more on ethics planning than on implementation?
answer
Unethical conduct is viewed as acceptable behavior.
question
During the data-collection phase of the audit, the primary objective is to generate a variety of opinions about how the company is perceived and whether it is
answer
fulfilling stakeholders' expectations.
question
When The Gap posts the results of its ethics audit on its web site, it is engaged in which of the following steps of the ethics auditing process?
answer
Report the results
question
Which of the following is not a benefit of ethics auditing?
answer
It can harm relationships with stakeholders.
question
At which stage of the ethics auditing process would a hospital conduct focus groups with management, doctors, nurses, related health professionals, support staff, and patients?
answer
Collect and analyze relevant information
question
The concept of ethics auditing emerged from the movement to audit and report on companies' broader _____ initiatives.
answer
social responsibility
question
While ideally the board of directors financial audit committee conducts ethics audits, in most firms they are conducted by
answer
managers or ethics officers.
question
Which of the following is not a measure of ethical climate?
answer
Collective skill
question
What should be the first step in the auditing process?
answer
Secure the commitment of top executives and directors
question
What are the three Triple Bottom Line factors incorporated into the Global Reporting Initiative framework?
answer
Economic, social, and environmental indicators
question
What is a major role of the International Monetary Fund (IMF)?
answer
It makes short-term loans to member countries that have deficits and provides foreign currencies for its members.
question
_ involves transactions across national boundaries. It is a practice that brings together people who have different cultures, values, laws, and ethical standards.
answer
Global business
question
Which of the following is not a key area of global ethical risk, as outlined by the Eurasia Group?
answer
Unequal levels of child labor laws
question
These values were developed by a reverend and the UN Secretary General. They express support for universal human rights.
answer
The Global Sullivan Principles
question
Which of the following is not an article in the UN Human Rights Declaration?
answer
The right to electricity and running water
question
Increasing the wealth gap between nations and misusing and misallocating scarce resources are ethical issue accusations related to
answer
multinational corporations.
question
What is the purpose of the UN Global Compact?
answer
To promote human rights, sustainability, and eradicate corruption
question
Who argued during the 1930s that the state could stimulate economic growth and improve stability in the private sector?
answer
John Maynard Keynes
question
Which of the following is not a criticism of or charge against multinational corporations (MNCs)?
answer
They pay excessively high taxes everywhere
question
Which of the following organizations emerged from the Bretton Woods agreement of 1944, where a group of international leaders decided that the primary responsibility for the regulation of monetary relationships among national economies should rest in an extra-national body?
answer
International Monetary Fund
question
An unconscious reference to one's own cultural values, experiences, and knowledge is referred to as the
answer
self-reference criterion.
question
Which two developing countries are expected to generate some of the largest increases in consumption in the future?
answer
China and India
question
The _____ formed in 1995 and administers its own trade agreements, facilitates future trade negotiations, settles trade disputes, and monitors the trade policies of member nations
answer
World Trade Organization
question
What is the AACSB?
answer
An international organization that promotes a set of principles promoting the teaching of responsible management in business schools
question
_____ assumes that humans may not act rationally because of genetics, learned behavior, and rules of thumb.
answer
Behavioral economics
question
Which of the following is a measure taken by governments to curtail MNC practices that create ethical issues?
answer
Imposing export taxes to force MNCs to share more of their profits
question
The practice of charging high prices for products sold in home markets while selling the same products in foreign markets at low prices, which do not cover the costs of exporting, is known as
answer
dumping.
question
When in Rome, do as the Romans do, or you must adapt to the cultural practices of the country in which you are operating are rationalizations businesspeople sometimes offer for straying from their own ethical values when doing business abroad. This practice is called
answer
cultural relativism.
question
_____ assume(s) that a market, through its own inherent mechanisms, will keep commerce in equilibrium.
answer
Laissez-faire economics
question
_____ is a term used by Adam Smith to explain the inherent mechanisms at work in free market systems that keep commerce in equilibrium. It is also known as the "invisible hand."
answer
Laissez-fair
question
Leaders having a(n) __________ conflict management style are highly assertive and not very cooperative.
answer
Competing
question
_____ and reporting are two major dimensions of ethical communication.
answer
Transparency
question
Which of the following is not a habit of ethical leaders?
answer
They are primarily concerned with themselves.
question
When a group is more likely to move toward a more extreme position than the group members might have done individually, this is referred to as
answer
Group polarization
question
This occurs when there are two or more positions on an ethical decision.
answer
Ethical conflicts
question
Which of the following leadership types has a strong influence on coworker support and building an ethical culture through increasing employee commitment and fostering motivation?
answer
Transformational leaders
question
____________ are a primary influence on employee's ethical behavior because they are role models for the organization's values.
answer
Leaders
question
Which of the following types of leaders attempts to create employee satisfaction through bartering or negotiating for desired behaviors or level of performance?
answer
Transactional leaders
question
Leaders whose decisions and actions are contrary to the firm's values send a signal
answer
that the firm's values are trivial or irrelevant.
question
The acronym RADAR stands for
answer
Recognize, Avoid, Detect, Answer, & Recover
question
Gossip, manipulation, playing favorites, and taking credit for another's work are all examples commonly associated with
answer
Organizational politics
question
Leaders with a(n) ________ conflict management style desire to meet the needs of stakeholders and strongly adhere to organizational values and principles.
answer
Avoiding
question
The ___________ leader can create a negative climate because of the high standards that he or she sets. This style works best for attaining quick results from highly motivated individuals who value achievement and take initiative.
answer
pacesetting
question
Many managers are reluctant to engage in this step of the RADAR model because they fear doing so will uncover questionable conduct that could put the firm in an unfavorable light.
answer
detect
question
A fundamental problem in traditional personal character development is that specific vales are used to teach about a philosophy, which may be inappropriate where cultural diversity and privacy must be respected. A solution is
answer
to teach individuals intellectual skills that address the complexities of ethical issues in business.
question
Which leadership type values people, their emotions, and their needs and relies on friendship and trust to promote flexibility, innovation, and risk taking?
answer
Affiliative leadership
question
All of these are true about feedback except
answer
Most companies recognize the need for organizational leaders to get feedback from their employees.
question
This occurs when leaders and followers share the same vision, ethical expectations, and objectives for the company.
answer
Leader-follower congruence
question
These leaders are characterized as having superficial charm, no conscience, grandiose self-worth, little or no empathy, and enjoy flouting rules.
answer
Psychopathic leaders
question
What is not a necessity for strong ethical leaders to make good decisions?
answer
The ability to coerce subordinates
question
The Clean Air Act:
answer
Established national air quality standards
question
Stakeholder assessment is an important part of a _____________ approach to environmental issues.
answer
high-commitment
question
Although limiting urban sprawl creates disadvantages for __________, many businesses can benefit from urban renewal movements that reduce sprawl.
answer
car and oil companies
question
All of these are examples of social responsibility concerns, except:
answer
Product price
question
Through _________________ , it is possible to quantify the trade-offs to determine whether to accept or reject environmentally-related activities and programs.
answer
risk management
question
One of the biggest factors in land pollution is the dumping of waste into landfills. ______________ consumers are by far the world's biggest wasters.
answer
American
question
The first Earth Day, increasing stakeholder awareness of environmental concerns and the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency brought ______________ to the forefront.
answer
sustainability
question
The world's forests are being destroyed at a rate of nearly 50,000 square miles annually. The reasons for this wide scale destruction are varied and include all except
answer
The soil is great for farming
question
The Clean Water Act makes it illegal for anyone to discharge any pollutant from a point source directly into navigable waters without a .
answer
permit
question
Which option includes the assessment and improvement of business strategies, economic sectors, work practices, technologies, and lifestyles while maintaining the natural environment?
answer
Sustainability
question
________________ can cause markedly shorter life spans, along with chronic respiratory problems in humans and animals.
answer
Air pollution
question
Organizations highly committed to environmental responsibility may conduct an audit of their efforts and report the results to all interested ___________.
answer
stakeholders
question
Critics of nuclear power are concerned about all of the following, except:
answer
Reduced emissions
question
Wind power holds great promise for the United States because of the _____________, and experts believe wind energy could meet as much as 20 percent of the nation's energy needs.
answer
Rocky Mountains
question
In the United States, ____________ provides only 7% of total output but provides 19% of total electricity production worldwide, making it the largest form of renewable energy.
answer
hydroelectric power
question
Many businesses responded to sustainability by adopting a triple-bottom line approach; taking into consideration social and environmental performance variables in addition to ____________.
answer
economic performance
question
A _________________ business attempts to avoid dealing with environmental issues and hopes nothing bad happens or no one ever finds out about an environmental accident or abuse.
answer
low-commitment
question
The _____________ focuses on reducing pollution through cost-effective changes in production, operation, and raw materials use.
answer
Pollution Prevention Act
question
The Kyoto Protocol created in 1997 is an international treaty meant to curb global
answer
greenhouse gas emissions
question
Geothermal energy provides ______________ and is a more dependable energy source than some other forms of alternative energy.
answer
a constant source of heat
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New