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Windows Print Architecture

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Print Device Printer Print server Printer driver

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Print Device

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The actual hardware that produces hard-copy documents on paper or other print media

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Printer

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The software interface through which a computer communicates with a print device

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Print server

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A computer (or standalone device) that receives print jobs from clients and sends them to print devices that are either locally attached or connected to the network

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Printer driver

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A device driver that converts the print jobs generated by applications into an appropriate string of commands for a specific print device.

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Windows Printing To install a printer in Windows

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Select the print device's specific manufacturer and model. Specify the port (or other interface) the computer will use to access the print device. Supply a printer driver specifically created for that print device.

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Printer Control Language (PCL)

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a language understood by the printer. PCLs can be standardized, like the PostScript language, or they can be proprietary languages developed by the print device manufacturer.

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Spooler

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After the printer processes a print job, it stores the job in a print queue

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Windows Printing Flexibility

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A single computer can perform the roles of all printing components (except the print device), or they can be distributed across the network

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There are four fundamental configurations

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1. Direct printing 2. Locally attached printer sharing 3. Network-attached printing 4. Network-attached printer sharing

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Direct printing

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The simplest print architecture consists of one print device connected to one computer, also known as a locally attached print device. When you connect a print device directly to a Windows Server 2012 R2 computer and print from an application running on that system, the computer supplies the printer, printer driver, and print server functions.

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Locally Attached Printer Sharing

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In addition to printing from an application running on that computer, you can also share the printer (and the print device) with other users on the same network. In this arrangement, the computer with the locally attached print device functions as a print server.

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Network-Attached Printing

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The printing solutions discussed thus far involve print devices connected directly to a computer, using a USB or other port. However, you do not have to attach print devices to computers; instead, you can connect them directly to the network. network-attached print devices, the primary deployment decision that you must make is to decide which computer will function as the print server. One simple, but often less than practical, option is to let each print client function as its own print server (see Figure 5-4). Each client processes and spools its own print jobs, connects to the print device using a TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) port, and sends the jobs directly to the device for printing.

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Disadvantages to Network-Attached Printing

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Users examining the print queue see only their own jobs, not the jobs of other users. Users have no way of knowing what other jobs have been sent to the print device, or how long it will be until the print device completes their jobs. Administrators have no way of centrally managing the print queue, because each client has its own print queue. Administrators cannot implement advanced printing features, such as printer pools or remote administration. Error messages appear only on the computer that originated the job the print device is currently processing. All print job processing is performed by the client computer, rather than being partially offloaded to an external print server.

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Network-Attached Printer Sharing

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The other, far more popular, option for network-attached printing is to designate one computer as a print server and use it to service all print clients on the network. To do this, you install a printer on one computer, the print server, and configure it to access the print device directly through a TCP port. Then, you share the printer, just as you would a locally attached print device, and configure the clients to access the print share.

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Advantages to Network-Attached Printer Sharing

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All of the client jobs are stored in a single print queue, so that users and administrators can see a complete list of the jobs waiting to be printed. Part of the job rendering burden is shifted to the print server, returning control of the client computer to the user more quickly. Administrators can manage all queued jobs from a remote location. Print error messages appear on all client computers. Administrators can implement printer pools and other advanced printing features. Administrators can manage security, auditing, monitoring, and logging functions from a central location

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Advanced Printing Configurations Printer pool

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Connecting a single printer to multiple print devices. On a busy network with many print clients, the print server can distribute large numbers of incoming jobs among several identical print devices to provide more timely service and fault tolerance.

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Sharing a Printer If a computer is to support heavy printer use, the following hardware upgrades might be needed:

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Additional system memory Additional disk space (for queued print jobs) Make the computer a dedicated print server

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Sharing a Printer A printer can be shared during the installation or any time after

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To install a printer: USB: Upon connection and power up, a driver will automatically be installed, unless Windows does not have a driver. Network-attached printers: An installation program supplied with the device will locate, install, and configure

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To share a printer with Windows PowerShell

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Set-Printer -Name "HP LaserJet" -Shared $true -ShareName "HP LaserJet"

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Managing Printer Drivers

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The drivers installed on Windows Server 2012 R2 are generally the same drivers used on the client workstations. Using the Additional Drivers dialog box, you can install drivers for client workstations that require different drivers, such as 32-bit versus 64-bit drivers, or drivers for older operating systems.

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Remote Access Easy Print

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Enables Remote Desktop clients to print to their local print devices. It is a printer driver that is installed on the server, along with the Remote Desktop Session Host role service. The driver functions as a redirector

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Configuring Printer Security

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Like folder shares, clients must have the proper permissions to access a shared printer. Much simpler than NTFS permissions: Use the printer. Manage documents submitted to printer. Manage the properties of the printer

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Basic Printer Permissions

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Print Manage this printer Manage documents

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Print Capabilities

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Connect to a printer Print documents Pause, resume, restart, and cancel the user's own documents

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Print Advanced Permissions

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Print Read Permissions

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Print Default Assignments

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Assigned to the Everyone special identity

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Manage this printer Capabilities

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Cancel all documents Share a printer Change printer properties Delete a printer Change printer permissions

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Manage this printer Permissions

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Print Manage Printers Read Permissions Change Permissions Take Ownership

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Manage this printer Assignments

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Assigned to the Administrators group

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Manage documents Capabilities

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Pause, resume, restart, and cancel all users' documents Control job settings for all documents

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Manage documents Permissions

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Manage Documents Read Permissions Change Permissions Take Ownership

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Manage documents Assignments

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Assigned to the Creator Owner special identity

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Managing Documents

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By default everyone can print and manage their own documents Allow Manage Documents permission allows users to manager other user's documents Managing refers to: Pausing Resuming Restarting Canceling

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To manage queued documents with Windows PowerShell, you use cmdlets such as the following:

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Remove-PrintJob Restart-PrintJob Suspend-PrintJob Resume-PrintJob

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Managing Printers Typical configuration tasks include:

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Setting printer priorities Scheduling printer access Creating a printer pool

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Setting printer priorities:

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Multiple printers connected to the same print device to allow certain users' print jobs to print before others

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Scheduling printer access

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Multiple printers connected to the same print device with different time schedules for availability

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Creating a printer pool:

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One printer connected to multiple print devices to increase throughput and provide fault tolerance.

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The Print and Document Services Role

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The Windows Server 2012 R2 default installation configuration makes available all printer sharing and management capabilities discussed in the previous sections. For administrators involved with enterprise network printing, installing the Print and Document Services role on the computer provides additional tools that are particularly useful.

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ROLE SERVICE Print Server

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SYSTEM SERVICES INSTALLED Print Spooler (Spooler) DESCRIPTION Installs the Print Management console for Microsoft Management Console (MMC), which enables administrators to deploy, monitor, and manage printers throughout the enterprise. • Is the only required role service when you add the Print Services role.

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ROLE SERVICE Distributed Scan Server

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SYSTEM SERVICES INSTALLED Distributed Scan Server (ScanServer) DESCRIPTION Enables the computer to receive documents from network-based scanners and forward them to the appropriate users.

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ROLE SERVICE Internet Printing

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SYSTEM SERVICES INSTALLED World Wide Web Publishing Service (w3svc) IIS Admin Service (iisadmin) DESCRIPTION Creates a website that enables users on the Internet to send print jobs to shared Windows printers

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ROLE SERVICE LPD Service

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SYSTEM SERVICES INSTALLED TCP/IP Print Server (LPDSVC) DESCRIPTION Enables UNIX clients running the LPR (line printer remote) program to send their print jobs to Windows printers

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Viewing Printers

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On large enterprise networks, administrators must keep track of dozens or hundreds of print devices. The Print Management console provides a multitude of ways to view the printing components by applying filters to the complete list of printers. There are four default filters All Printers All Drivers Printers Not Ready Printers With Jobs You can also create custom filters.

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Deploying Printers with Group Policy

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AD DS helps simplify the process of deploying printers to large numbers of clients. Administrators can search for printers in the AD DS database by name, location, or model. You can configure a Group Policy Object (GPO) to deploy a printer and link it to a domain, site, or OU.

Microsoft ADS Windows Server 2012 R2 Lesson 5 Configuring Print and Document Services – Flashcards

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