Test Answers on Physical Chemistry Flashcards

chemistry study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, the process that matter undergoes, and the the energy changes that are accompany in these processes organic chemistry study of most carbon containing compounds inorganic chemistry study of non-organic substances, many of which have organic fragments bonded of metals physical chemistry study of properties and […]

Rusting Iron Chemical change Melting Ice Physical change Formation of stalagmites in a cave Physical change Fertilizing a lawn Chemical change What are the five signs or symptoms of a chemical change? Production of an odor, change in color, change in temperature/ production of light, formation of a gas/ bubbles, and formation of a solid […]

vanderwaals interaction v = -1/r^6(cuu + cuu* +cdisp) multiply by na to get per mole average kinetic energy of translation of a particle Etrans=3/2KT energy of translation per mole Etrans,m = 3/2K×nA×T k×nA=R gas constant Etrans,m=3/2RT dispersion interaction v=-3/2 polarizability vol1 x vol2 × (ionization potential 1 ×potential 2/I1 +I2) ×1/r^6 gas epsilon<<etrans liquid etrans~~epsilon […]

matter anything that has mass and takes up space element a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substancesby chemical means; all atoms of an element have the same atomic number atom the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element compound a substance made up of atoms […]

Microstate the instantaneous positon,momentum and internal state of all the particles in a system or the wave function for the entire system Ensemble a collection of microstates with a given macroscopic state of a system. One can also imagine a very large number of replicas of the system, all with the same macroscopic initial conditions. […]

energy the ability to do work or bring about change kinetic energy Energy of motion potential energy energy that is stored chemical energy A form of potential energy that is stored in chemical bonds between atoms. mechanical energy the energy associated with the motion and position of everyday objects heat The energy transferred between objects […]

Define statistical thermodynamics. Statistical thermodynamics ties classical thermodynamics to what is known about molecules, through averages over many different molecules. Define correspondence principle. The correspondence principle is the idea that as object get larger and larger, quantum mechanics must turn into classical mechanics. True or False: Quantum mechanics is an empirical theory. True What are […]

Gas state of matter which neither definite shape nor definite volume Equation of State thermodynamic equation relating state variables which describes the state of matter under a given set of physical conditions when was first description of equation of states seen 300 years ago Boyle’s Law 1662, Constant T, P proportional to 1/V When is […]

What are physical properties? Properties of matter that does not change the chemical nature. determined without destroying matter observe with our senses. What are chemical properties? properties of matter that do change the chemical nature. matter will be changed into a new substance after the reaction 5 SENSES= physical properties Examples of physical properties… luster […]

blue color physical property density physical property flammability chemical property solubility physical property reacts with acid to form H2 chemical property supports combustion chemical property sour taste physical property melting point physical property reacts with water to form gas chemical property reacts with base to form water chemical property boiling point physical property can neutralize […]

physical Chemical formula H2O chemical Forms green carbonate when exposed to moist air chemical Remains unchanged when in the presence of nitrogen physical Colorless physical Solid at normal temperatures and pressures chemical Ability to combine with another substance physical Melting point physical Liquid at normal temperatures and pressures physical Boiling point is 100 degrees Celcius […]

A gas: A fluid state of matter that fills any container, is easily compressed, mixes with any gas, and exerts pressure on its surroundings. Properties: Static properties – pressure p, volume v, temperature T Transport – diffusion/effusion, viscosity Thermal – heat capacity Chemical – reactions between gases Boyle’s Law *[ V α 1/p ]* At […]

Arrhenius Definitions A: releases H+ B: releases OH- Bronsted – Lowry Definitions A: Proton donator B: Proton acceptor Lewis Definitions A: e- pair acceptor B: e- pair donator amphoteric; a molecule that can be both and acid and a base Acid ionization constant K(a) = [h3o+][A-]/[HA] Base ionization constant k(b)= [HB+][OH_]/[B] pH -log10[h3o-] pOH -log10[OH-] […]

Thermodynamics is the study of the bulk properties of matter and the conversion of heat into mechanical and/or chemical energy. Thermodynamic System The particular thing or part of the physical universe that we choose to study Boundary the real or imaginary separation between the system and the rest of the universe. Surroundings the part of […]

blue color Physical density physical flammability (burns) chemical solubility (dissolves) physical reacts with acid chemical supports combustion chemical sour taste physical melting point physical reacts with water chemical hardness physical boiling point physical luster physical odor physical reacts with air chemical NaCI (table salt) dissolves in water physical Ag (silver) tarnishes chemical an apple is […]

Sodium Hydroxie dissolves in water Physical Hydrochloric acid reacts with potassium hydroxide to produce a salt, water, and heat Chemical A pellet of sodium is sliced in two Physical Water is heated and changed to steam Physical Potassium Chlorate decomposes to Potassium Chloride and Oxygen gas Chemical Iron rusts Chemical When placed in H2O, a […]

Quantum Numbers n=size, l=shape, m=orientation, s=spin atomic units length= Bohr Radius, energy= Hartrees, Masses= amu spherical polar coordinates (r, theta, tau)……………….dV= r^2sin(theta)d(theta)d(tau)dr Rotational Constant, B h/ (8pi^2IC) Franck-Condon Principle States that an electronic transition is so fast, compared to nuclear motion, that the nuclear configuration does not change during the electronic transition Hybrid Orbital Orbital […]

physical chemistry study of underlying physical principles that govern the properties and behaviors of chemical systems thermodynamics, kinetics, quantum, statistical mechanics subcategories of p. chem thermodynamics transformation of energy from one form to another 1st law statement about quantity of energy involved in transformation 2nd law deals with dispersal of energy kinetics deals with speed […]

Name five areas of chemistry research and give examples of the types of problems chemists are trying to address within each area Organic chemistry (deals with substances containing carbon), Inorganic chemistry (deals with substances not containing carbon) Biochemistry (deals with processes in organisms) Analytical (deals with the composition of substances) Physical (deals with the mechanism, […]

Color physical & intensive Tendency to rust chemical Boiling point physical & intensive Density physical & intensive Mass Physical & extensive Ability to burn Chemical Malleaility physical & instensive Ability to conduct electricity chemical & instensive Alloy Sterling silver Element gold gas methane vapor steam compound salt element aluminum breaking a pencil in half physical […]

spin strictly a quantum mechanical concept/ intrinsic angular momentum possessed by elementary particles spin quantum numbers (Ms) (2S+1) determines the z component of the electron orbital angular momentum spin eigenfunctions alpha: Y^1/2 1/2 beta: Y^-1/2 1/2 spin variable sigma fermion half integer spin/ electrons, protons, neutrons 35C/ described by antisymmetric wavefunctions boson full integer spin/ […]