COCC GEOG 211 Cartography Midterm – Flashcards

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Metallic Bonds
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is a bond formed when many metal atom share their pooled
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Map types – Describe thematic vs. reference map
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*Thematic- represents a single distribution or concept *Reference- Has a variety of phenomenon, used as a reference for location and planning.
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What are the Basic map Elements ?
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*Main Map *Title and subtitle *Legend *Scale indicator * Graticule or north arrow *Supplementary text/Authorship *Frame/border
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What are Secondary Map Elements?
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*Logos *Map numbers *Inset Maps *Graticules *Tables/Graphs
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What are the Primary Map design Principles
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Purpose, Medium, Audience
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What is the difference between Qualitative and Quantitative Data?
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Qualitative- Categorical, no rank or order (Labels) Quantitative- Numerical, has a rank or interval in which to perform calculations
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What are the Levels of data and definition?
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Nominal- No order, unique values Ordinal- Categorical (High, Medium, Low) but unable to determine by quantity by how much between categories Interval- Numerical interval, but has no absolute zero Ratio-Numerical value with an absolute zero
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What is Cartography?
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The art, science and technology of making maps, together with the their study as scientific documents and works of art.
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What is GeoVisulization?
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Refers to a set of tools and techniques supporting the analysis of geospatial data through the use of interactive visualization
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What is Visual Hierarchy?
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Different levels of emphasis of the elements of a graphic design
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What is a Map?
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A graphic representation of all or part of the surface of earth (or other body) drawn to scale on a plane.
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What is Symbolization?
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Determines how data on the map is read and interpreted. The process of formatting or displaying symbols
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What is choropleth?
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Differences in color value (sometimes in combination with hue) or differences in spacing (e.g., the intensity of a hatched pattern) to represent differences in the phenomenon being mapped
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What is data interpolation?
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Interpolation is the estimating of values by comparing distances to all other neighboring sample points
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What is biverate mapping?
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It is a variation of simple choropleth map that portrays two separate phenomena simultaneously
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What is Leading?
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Adjusting the spacing between lines
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What is a leader line?
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A line from a point to a label/annotation, adjusted from the point due to space limitations
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What are the different types of symbols and how do you create hierarchy with each?
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a. Points b. Lines c. Polygons *Shape, size, hue, value, texture, orientation
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What are the (3) dimensions of color?
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Hue, Value/Lightness, Saturation
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What are the (3) types of labeling and there differences?
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*Graphic-simple text box, not associate with feature will not scale *Dynamic- Manage the characteristics for the text of multiple features in a layer. Changes made to entire set *Annotation-Feature Linked, will move with the feature it is labeling
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What are some reasons to use color within a map?
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To differentiate values on a map, color as a clarifying and simplifying element
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Name the 3 color schemes and how are they different from one another?
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*Qualitative - Hue steps, not ordered *Sequential- neutrals, one hue or one hue step, single sequence of lightness steps *Diverging-Two diverging sequences of lightness steps, two hues, or one hue and neutral or two hue transitions
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What are the ways to classify data as discussed in this course?
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*Equal Interval- divide values into constant intervals *Quantile- Equal number of values in set categories *Natural Breaks (default)- Divides values based on normalized distribution of data *Std Dev-Categories divided by how far values from the mean
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What Classification symbolization methods are available?
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Dot, Proportional, Graduated
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Name 4 categories of Fonts
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*Serif *San Serif *Decorative *Script
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Name ways to adjust font sizes
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*Character Spacing *Character Size *Line Spacing (Leading)
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What are 3 common effects for font?
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Halo, Shadows, Callouts
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How does one create hierarchy with text/labels?
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Size, Spacing, Color
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What are standardized label placement for points, lines and areas?
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*Point-Next to, horizontally aligned, shifted up or down *Lines-should follow the line, not upside down, above, avoid stretching out by repeating *Area-Use character spacing (best uppercase)
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What types of text are found on a map?
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Title, Legends, Source and Explanatory text
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What is the Process steps for making a Map?
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Planning, Analysis, Presentation, Critique(review), Production
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