matter	anything that has mass and volume
pure substance	made up of only one type of atom or molecule, fixed composition and distinct properties, cannot be separated by physical means
element	substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances
compound	substance containing more than one element, chemically combined always contains definite or constant proportions of the elements by mass
mixture	Matter that is made of two or more substances in which each substance retains its own chemical identity.
homogeneous mixture	mixture in which the substances are uniformly distributed. aka SOLUTION
heterogeneous mixture	A mixture in which the substances are not uniformly distributed
suspension	heterogeneous mixture of a solvent-like substance with particles that slowly settle out. particle size are large and more dense when compared to water molecules
colloid	heterogeneous mixture consisting of particles intermediate in size between those in solutions and those in suspensions
liquid that passes through filter paper	filtrate
bits of solid left of filter paper	residue
filtering	used to separate suspensions. only works if particles are large enough to get “stuck” in filter paper
centrifuge	process used to separate liquids and solids when particles are too small and pass through filter paper. the larger particles are pulled to the outside
decanting	pouring off the top layer . immiscible liquids only
evaporation	used to obtain the solute from the solution
solute	solid in solution
solvent	liquid in solution
distillation	used to separate miscible liquids. heat the mixture. used when you want both things or what has lowest boiling point . goes from liquid- to water vapor (steam) into liquid (from cold around tube)
chromatography	A technique in which molecules in a mobile phase are separated because of their different affinities for a stationary phase