Atomic Physics Flashcards
a strong nuclear force Protons and neutrons are held together by what? Atomic number -z- # of protons; defines each element -n- # of neutrons; can vary for each element Mass number -A- Total number of protons -z- and neutrons -n- Isotope the term used to describe different atoms of the same element SAME; DIFFERENT […]
Read moreproton the nucleus of the simplest atom- hydrogen. It has a positive charge of +q and a mass of m=1.67×10^-27 kg neutron a particle found in the nucleus that is electrically neutral and that has a mass almost identical to the proton. It was discovered in 1932 by James Chadwick, Its charge is q=0, its […]
Read moreDalton’s Atomic Theory ~Matter is composed of extremely small particles called atoms. ~Atoms are indivisible and indestructible. ~Atoms of a given element are identical in size, mass, and chemical properties. ~Atoms of a specific element are different from those of another element. ~Different atoms combine in simple whole-number ratios to form compounds. ~In a chemical […]
Read moreSubtomic Anything smaller than an atom. ( the particles that make up an atom). Nucleus center of atom, contains protons and neutrons. Protons nucleon with a positive charge. mass of one AMU Neutrons nucleon with no charge. mass of one AMU Electron Subatomic particle with a negative charge Electron cloud area around the nucleus where […]
Read moreclassical physics development of physics before 1900 modern physics development of physics after 1900 atomic physics to do with the electrons in an atom discrete matter elements would get to a point where they couldn’t be divided anymore (true) idea of continuous matter you can keep dividing elements forever and ever – Aristotle John Dalton […]
Read moreenergy of a photon depends on frequency planks constant the ratio of energy to frequency for a given photon produces photon small packet of electromagnetic energy that has particle-like properties the kinetic energy of a photoelectron depends on wavelength of light in order for a photon to eject an electron from a metal’s surface in […]
Read moreMass defect Difference in mass between the mass of nucleus and mass of separate nucleons Isotopes Isotopes of elements are chemically identical but have different atomic masses Radiative half life The time it takes for the activity to halve Nuclear Binding Energy the energy released when the nuclide is assembled from its individual components Unified […]
Read morealpha decay The disintegration of a nucleus into a nucleus of another element with the emission of an alpha particle, which is a helium nucleus. atomic mass The weighed average mass of an atom of the element in naturally occurring samples; given under its symbol in the period table (in atomic mass units, symbolized u). […]
Read moreAtom Contains a positively charged nucleus made of protons and neutrons, surrounded by negatively charged electrons Size of atom Very small with a radius of 0.000000001m Charge of proton +1 Relative mass of proton 1 Charge of electron -1 Relative mass of electron 1/5000 (negligible) Charge of neutron Relative mass of neutron 1 Charge of […]
Read moreAnti-Ballistic Missile or National Missile Defense (ABM or NMD) A system with the ability to destroy enemy missiles or their warheads before they hit their targets. This is usually presented as a “defensive” capability, but it is worth noting that this is a counterforce capability Atom A particle of matter indivisible by chemical means. It […]
Read moreatom basic unit of matter, which consists of a central, positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons Brownian motion the continuous random movement of particles of matter suspended in a liquid or gas cathode-ray tube a vacuum tube containing a source of electrons and a screen to view images planetary model of the atom […]
Read morea. Democritus The ancient Greek who is known for championing the concept of atom was named ______________. a. Democritus b. Socrates c. Plato d. Zeus d. Thomson Who discovered the electron in 1897? a. Dalton b. Bohr c. Rutherford d. Thomson d. Dalton The “billiard ball model” of the atom is associated with _______. a. […]
Read moreAbsorption Line An isolated bright or dark line in a spectrum produced by emission or absorption of light of a single wavelength. Absorption Line Spectrum The electromagnetic spectrum, broken by a specific pattern of dark lines or bands, observed when radiation traverses a particular absorbing medium. The absorption pattern is unique and can be used […]
Read moreAtoms Atoms contain a positively charged nucleus made up of protons and neutrons.Which is surrounded by negatively charges electrons. How may the energy level of an electron change? – Absorbing electromagnetic radiation moves electrons to a higher energy level, further from the nucleus. – Electromagnetic radiation is emitted when an electron drops to a lower […]
Read morestrong nuclear force Fundamental force that holds the nucleus together fusion Process in which smaller nuclei combine to f0rm larger ones neutrons Neutral particles in atoms radioactivity Spontaneous process of nuclei changing by emitting particles or rays electrons Negatively charged particles in atoms beta decay Radioactive decay in which electrons are emitted radioactive isotope Specific […]
Read moreAlpha particle Made of 2 protons and 2 neutrons Atomic number The number of protons in an atom Becquerel An emission of one particle per second from an unstable nucleus Beta particle A fast moving electron emitted from the nucleus of an atom Contamination The unwanted presence of radioactive atoms on other materials Electron A […]
Read moreAtom All substances are made from particles called atoms Element An element contains only one type of atom 90 elements occur naturally, the rest are man made. Compounds Are substances when two or more different elements are chemically joined together. Mixture Is a substance, when two or more different elements are joined together (NOT CHEMICALLY) […]
Read moreProton has a positive charge and mass around 1 amu Neutron no charge and mass around 1 amu Electron a negative charge and negligible mass Nucleus contains the protons and neutrons, while the electrons move around the nucleus Atomic number the number of protons in a given element Mass number the sum of an element’s […]
Read moreNuclide A particular type of atom or nucleus determined by its proton (atomic) number and its nucleon number / number of protons and number of neutrons Nucleon A proton or neutron Isotopes The nuclei of different isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons Nucleon Number (A) The […]
Read moreNucleus The nucleus of an atom is the solid center of the atom. most of the mass of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus. Electron An electron is a negatively charged particle found around the nucleus of the atom. Nucleon A nucleon is the collective name for the particles found in the nucleus of […]
Read moreWhat is the proton Number and prefix for it? The number of protons in a nuclide Z What is the Nucleon number and prefix for it? The number of protons + neutrons A How do you find the number of neutrons in a nucleus? N= A – Z What is a Isotope? Any sample of […]
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