BIOLOGY chapter 1 practice test – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
Which of the following is an attribute of living things?
answer
They must be able to evolve and adapt
question
Which of the following is NOT an attribute of living things?
answer
All living things require oxygen
question
What is the appropriate term for an interacting group of individuals of a single type occupying a define area?
answer
Population
question
Emergent properties of living systems are defined as properties that
answer
Are due to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases
question
Sequencing a protein to discover the sequence of amino acids that make it up is an example of _________. Understanding how that protein works with other proteins in a cell is an example of __________.
answer
Reductionism Systems Biology
question
In an ecosystem, nutrients _______ and energy ______.
answer
cycle flows through
question
The energy used by most organisms for metabolism and growth ultimately comes from _____.
answer
the sun
question
Which of the following is the fundamental unit of structure and function in living organisms?
answer
Cell
question
What is the molecule that can account for both the unity and diversity of life?
answer
DNA
question
How is the information encoded in DNA actually used by organisms?
answer
The information in DNA is transcribed to RNA and then translated into protein.
question
Which of the following domains is prokaryotic?
answer
Archaea
question
Which kingdom within the domain Eukarya is composed of organisms that are generally unicellular?
answer
Protista
question
Eukaryotic organism that decompose dead organisms and absorb the nutrients are generally found in which kingdom?
answer
Fungi
question
Natural selection tends to act at which of the following levels?
answer
Population
question
Which of the following observations and inferences led Charles Darwin to his theory of natural selection as a mechanism for evolution?
answer
Darwin synthesized his theory of natural selection from all of the above observations and inferences.
question
With evolution as the core theme of biology, we can explain traits shared by organisms as evidence of _____ and traits that differ among organisms as evidence of ___.
answer
Descent from a common ancestor Adaptation through natural selection
question
Experimentation is only one part of the process of scientific inquiry, but it is very important step because it _____
answer
allows rejection of a hypotheses
question
Radon is a radioactive gas that seeps into homes from the soil. It is thought to be a cause of lung cancer. A research team investigates this theory. They gather large amounts of data on basement radon concentrations and lung cancer rates and conclude that the more radon there is in a home, the more likely are people living in those homes to develop lung cancer. After the study is published, other researchers criticize it by asserting that the studied neighborhoods with higher radon concentrations also have a higher percentage of older people and a higher percentage of cigarette smokers than the low-radon neighborhoods. Both advanced age and cigarette smoking increase the risk of lung cancer. This criticism, if correct, shows that the radon study suffered from _____. ()
answer
Uncontrolled variables
question
Which of the following statements is most clearly inductively derived? ()
answer
If the animals observed required organic molecules as nutrients, then it can be concluded that all animals require organic molecules as nutrients.
question
Two garden plots were planted with corn. The soil was similar in each, and equal amounts of water were applied to each plot. One plot was fertilized, and the other was not. The experimenters measured the yield as bushels of corn from each plot. The plot that did not receive the fertilizer was the _____. ()
answer
Control plot
question
At which point is a scientific investigator most likely to use deductive reasoning?
answer
in establishing a test of hypothesis.
question
Which of the following is outside the realm of scientific inquiry
answer
addressing ethical dilemmas
question
A company was testing a new drug it thought would help decrease the risk of transmission of viruses from mother to fetus. In an experiment to test the compound, an investigator gave 400 pregnant female rats a small dose of the experimental drug and inoculated each with a type of virus known to cause disease in rats. At the same time, 400 other pregnant rats were given only the virus. Of the rat pups born to the females that received both the virus and the drug, 203 showed no symptoms of the disease; 205 rat pups born to the virus-only females showed symptoms. From these data, we can best conclude _____. ()
answer
That the drug seems to have little effect on the viral transmission at the dosage given.
question
The best method for determining whether bean plants require sodium is to _____.
answer
grow bean plants with and without sodium
question
In experimental procedures, repetition of the procedures _____.
answer
is necessary before concluding that a given set of results is correct.
question
Should an experiment test only one variable at a time? Why or why not? ()
answer
Yes, an experiment should only test one variable at a time. This ensures that the experimental outcome is clearly due to one identifiable factor.
question
A theory is _____.
answer
A well-supported concept that has broad explanatory power.
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New